Instrument Nr: (128 Percussion example sf2 here) Sample Nr.Play

Instrument Nr: (128 Percussion example sf2 here) Sample Nr.Play

“Every time is a transition time,” wrote historian HW von der Dunk. In this way he expressed the idea that looking back in history there is often continuity and continuous lines. Yet it is quite understandable that many experience our own time as a period of great and inevitable changes. Of course because of the corona crisis, which still strongly controls our lives. Because of major domestic issues, such as the accessibility of the housing market, reduction of nitrogen emissions, equality of opportunity in education and the labor market, and the protection and strengthening of the rule of law. And especially because of comprehensive problems such as climate change and shifting power relations on the world stage. These major international developments may feel abstract and distant, but are not. Climate change came close this summer when residents of Limburg saw their homes and businesses flood after extreme rainfall in a few dramatic days. Geopolitical developments came close with the heartbreaking images and stories from Afghanistan. For twenty years, the international community has worked there for international stability and security, democracy and human rights, and opportunities for girls and women. Now another uncertain future awaits the Afghan people. After years of military presence and many sacrifices, this outcome is a hard blow for many Dutch Afghanistan veterans. It was an extremely intensive and exciting last few weeks for our soldiers and diplomats, in which they brought as many people as possible to safety within their means. For this they deserve deep respect and appreciation. At the same time, we realize that this book is not closed. Those left behind face an uncertain fate. What happens five thousand kilometers away directly affects our deepest values ​​and our own safety. It is logical that people ask themselves: what do all these developments mean for me personally? For our way of life? For my future and that of my children? Research has shown for years that the Dutch give their own lives a high rating, but that they are very concerned about the country and the world around them. This unrest and uncertainty is fueled by the fact that the social debate, nationally and internationally, is increasingly conducted in a polarizing tone. At the same time, the sober observation that the Netherlands is and remains a good country to live in fits with all these justified concerns. A country that can measure itself macro-economically with the best. If we continue to face the future together, we can handle a lot. The budget that the government is presenting to you today focuses on the implementation of current policy. This fits in with the caretaker status of a cabinet that tendered its resignation in January of this year and thus took responsibility for the benefits affair. Major new choices for the longer term are up to the next cabinet. At the same time, that does not absolve the incumbent government from the obligation to do what is necessary. Some topics are so urgent that standing still now would unnecessarily put our country at a disadvantage. That is why the government believes it would be a good idea to take a number of extra steps in the current policy for the coming year, including in the areas of climate, the rule of law and housing. Behind us lies a period that was largely dominated by the corona virus. Ahead is a year in which we can hope for a further return to more normal relationships. This creates space to look back and to look ahead. The main thing is that we Dutch people have again shown in corona time that they want to be there for each other as family, friends, colleagues and neighbors. Many mourn the loss of a loved one after this period. Others struggle with the physical and mental consequences of corona. And others, old and young alike, experienced loneliness and depression. Fortunately, many could and can turn to people in their environment with their worries and grief. In addition, initiatives have sprung up all over the country to help people and get them out of isolation. It is important that this attention to the consequences of corona continues to exist, also in the next phase. It is also positive how many people continued to work in the interests of all of us during the corona crisis, often under difficult circumstances. The Netherlands is grateful to you. Thanks to the police officers and boas who stand up for our safety. Thanks to the soldiers who assisted in various places. Thanks to all the people in education and childcare, public transport and logistics. Thanks to all who contributed in every place. And of course thanks to everyone in the hospitals, nursing homes and home care. There has been an extraordinary performance. The coming period will be dominated by mental and physical recovery for this profession, while at the same time delayed operations and treatments will have to be carried out. The corona crisis has shown how important and effective regional, national and international cooperation and coordination in healthcare can be. This is important in view of the period after corona, in which two big questions need to be answered. The first is: how do we ensure that we are prepared for the next pandemic? The government is working on a plan for this. This is by definition also an international issue, because a virus does not stop at national borders. The most important thing now is that sufficient vaccines become available all over the world. The Netherlands takes responsibility in this by donating one for every vaccine that is given to someone here. The second question is how care should be organized in the future in order to remain accessible, affordable and of high quality. Now is the time to further discuss these topics and prepare for decision making. During the pandemic, groups that were already vulnerable have been hit even harder by all the measures. Think of frail elderly in an institution or at home, or people with poor health or disabilities. For them, the quality of life in corona time came under even more pressure. For many young people and young adults, after one and a half years of living with the handbrake on, there is a threat of a false or delayed start in education and work. In recent years, the necessary attention has been paid to combating loneliness, tackling debt and promoting equality of opportunity in education and on the labor market. That commitment is still necessary. In anticipation of necessary choices for the long term, the government is making more than 8 billion euros available until the end of 2023 to make up for educational disadvantages that have arisen during the corona period. It is important that schools also pay attention to the social and emotional consequences that this period has had on pupils and students. Next year, 1.3 billion euros will be made available for youth care to solve bottlenecks and at the same time realize structural improvements. And also for help to people with problematic debts due to corona or the allowance affair, additional money has been included in the budget. Fortunately, the Dutch economy is in good shape, certainly in comparison with other countries. That is a compliment to the innovative Dutch business community and it gives perspective to people who are now on the sidelines. The corporate support measures implemented were unprecedented in financial size and scope, but they have had the intended effect. The Dutch economy is expected to bounce back this year and next and unemployment will remain at a historically low level, while the government debt has not been thrown off balance as a result of the support measures and purchasing power remains stable on average. In the Caribbean part of our Kingdom, life has become more difficult for many people due to corona, because the island economies have been hit hard by the huge decline in tourism. for Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba – together the Caribbean Netherlands – apply economic support measures comparable to those in our country. Agreements have been made with the countries of Curaçao, Aruba and Sint Maarten to ensure that financial support leads to an economy that is more resilient and more shock-resistant. In the discussion about this it is important to always seek consensus. That makes our Kingdom as a whole stronger. The intrinsic strength of the Dutch economy offers scope for further building on the Netherlands of tomorrow. The reality is that many issues transcend the boundaries of a single cabinet term. Or the borders of our country. Or both. The overstrained housing market is an important example of a domestic theme that cannot be solved in one period. How will affordable housing become accessible again for everyone, and especially for starters? The government has worked on this in recent years through agreements with municipalities and provinces and with extra money for new construction. The implementation of that policy will continue into the parliamentary year ahead. More than a hundred thousand new homes are being built as a result of previous financial impulses. The government is making an additional 1 billion euros available to ensure that construction can continue. The National Growth Fund also exceeds the limits of this cabinet term. In the first round, approximately 4 billion euros have been released this year, including for infrastructure and for projects in the field of artificial intelligence and green hydrogen. An amount of more than 7 billion euros is available in the next round. Substantial amounts have already been made available up to 2030 for nature and biodiversity and the reduction of nitrogen emissions. This means that investments will also be made next year in nature development, cleaner stables and purchase schemes. It is necessary that good future prospects remain for Dutch farmers, who are so important for our food supply and a vital countryside. At the same time, it is important to map out what is needed and possible to also offer perspective for infrastructure, the economy and housing. The government will continue to work on that. Of the topics that transcend both the boundaries of a government term and our national borders, climate change is without doubt the most urgent. This summer, the International Panel on Climate Change issued a harsh and deeply worrying warning. Climate change and sea level rise are happening much faster and more severe than previously anticipated. This affects our security, nature and living environment, but also, for example, the global poverty issue and future migration flows. In the Netherlands, protection against flooding is of course the top priority. The large-scale flooding in Limburg is a reason for the government to re-examine all planned measures in consultation and to see whether and where acceleration is necessary. During this term of office, the Climate Agreement and the Climate Act have given our country an important impetus to reduce CO2 emissions. The implementation of the agreements made is in full swing. But that does not alter the fact that the court ruling in the so-called Urgenda case forces an acceleration, also to achieve the objectives of the Climate Act. The government reserves almost 7 billion euros extra for additional measures, for example to make homes and industry more sustainable and to further stimulate electric driving. In a European context, the government has advocated an increase from 49 to 55 percent CO2 reduction by 2030. In addition, it supports the target of climate neutrality by 2050, as laid down in the European Green Deal. It is clear that additional efforts will be required in the coming years to achieve these stricter targets. At the same time, an ambitious climate policy also offers opportunities: first and foremost the opportunity to leave behind a more beautiful, cleaner and safer country. But also economic opportunities, for example in the export and application of Dutch knowledge in the field of sustainable technology and water safety. Today, on the International Day of Peace, we realize how more than 75 years of peace and international cooperation have brought our country unprecedented prosperity and well-being. The international embedding of our country in the post-war multilateral world order remains of vital importance, because the world in which we live is increasingly like the well-known Rubik's cube. Everything is connected with everything. Peace is also prosperity, climate is also security, poverty reduction is also human rights, sustainability is also economics, and international stability is also migration. Every turn of the cube, every decision, affects multiple terrains and levels. In that sense, the Netherlands is and will remain a reliable international partner. Because it is in our own interest, but also based on the solidarity and responsibility we feel with and for other parts of the world. Our deployed soldiers deserve support and respect for the important and difficult task they always fulfill, both during and after a mission. The government is structurally making extra money available for the operational deployability of our military personnel and for assistance to veterans who need it. Memberships of the European Union, NATO and the United Nations are the cornerstones of Dutch foreign policy. It is clear that the Netherlands, together with the other Member States of the European Union, is faced with strategic choices in relations with China and Russia, but also in relations with the United States. Transatlantic cooperation remains the basis of Dutch security policy, but at the same time we will have to invest more in European security policy. In the European Union, the priority is, among other things, corona recovery policy, the joint climate approach via the Green Deal and the monitoring of the European rule of law and of the Union as a community of values. That community of values ​​is fundamental. In the countries of the European Union, a person's age, color, religion, orientation, sex or origin should never be a reason for unequal treatment, exclusion or other forms of discrimination. The rule of law is the foundation of the free and democratic society that has characterized our country for so long. But the Dutch constitutional state is under pressure. Organized crime is becoming more brutal and violent. The shocking murder of Peter R. de Vries is a new low point in this development. The cabinet has been working for some time on a robust and multi-year approach that has various tracks and is once again making extra money available for this. Criminal organizations must be rounded up, their leaders arrested and criminal money stolen. We also need to invest more in tackling digital crime and security, as global digital threats are increasing in many ways. At the same time, vulnerable neighborhoods need to be strengthened, it is important to equip young people through education and work to prevent crime and protect people who stand up for our rule of law. Strengthening the rule of law is by definition a long-term undertaking. An additional half a billion euros will be made available for this every year. Finally, when discussing the rule of law and legal certainty, the government must put its hand into its own hands. The settlement of the earthquake damage in Groningen has been too slow for too long. In the allowance affair, the government has literally and figuratively wronged people. In both cases the following applies: mistakes must be corrected and those who are entitled to compensation must receive it as soon as possible. That remains an absolute priority for the government. It is also important that the door of the rule of law is open to everyone. From next year, the cabinet will make extra money available for the social advocacy profession. The answer to the deeper question of how to restore confidence requires a longer breath and more attention to the feasibility of policy. Members of the States General, When every time is transition time, social change is a constant. Our history shows that too. It is always a question, also in the here and now, to face every change that presents itself with an open mind. In this way we build a better country for future generations together. In that endeavor, the government will continue to seek cooperation with you, members of the States General. You may feel supported in your important work by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. I will never forget the National Remembrance Day of May 4, 2020. It was unreal and very realistic at the same time: that almost empty Dam, the silence even more deafening than usual, and the realization that the celebration of 75 years of freedom had been forced to take on a modest character. Everything changed this spring due to the coronavirus. This different-than-different Prince's Day at one and a half meters away, not in the Ridderzaal, and with fewer people, traditions and exuberant red-white-blue, makes that tangible. My admiration and thanks go out to everyone who did everything possible in healthcare and elsewhere in society to cope with the corona crisis. Nurses and cleaners, boas and defense personnel, supermarket employees and people in public transport. I also want to express my support and condolences to those who have been affected by corona, or who have lost a loved one. But also for those who do not, the impact is enormous. Corona affects us all. From Terschelling to Aruba. Young and old. People with disabilities are often even harder than others. Corona affects us in school and work. In the absence of a touch. And especially: in our sense of security and confidence. Because not being able to take a final exam, a funeral in a very small circle, not being able to visit your husband or wife in the nursing home, suddenly losing your life's work as an entrepreneur, or your job – it is all very drastic. There needs to be space and recognition for all those feelings of stress, loneliness and loss. Soon we will express this in solidarity throughout the Kingdom under the denominator 'attention for each other'. However, a lot of good things are happening these months as well. We value more the country we live in. The fabric of our society has once again proved strong. It remains special how the Dutch are there for each other when the need arises. What was also special was how together we managed to lift the biggest restrictions in a few months. What is special is the resilience of entrepreneurs who kept their businesses running in all kinds of creative ways, of teachers who started guiding their students online, and of parents who suddenly combined work and education at home. In the corona crisis, the Netherlands has proven to be responsible, united and flexible. Let's keep it up for as long as it takes. And let us derive confidence from that for the future. Because it is precisely in times of sudden shocks that it is important to keep an eye on the long term. We owe that to the young people, who in recent months had to give up not only on their lives now, but also on their prospects for the future. A 94-year-old veteran made a stir with a letter to the editor in which he called on the young people of the Netherlands to persevere and show solidarity with his generation. An 18-year-old student wrote back how grateful he was for the freedom and all the opportunities he and his peers grew up with. But he also wrote how much they now miss that freedom, how they see key moments in life just pass by and how extra uncertain the future feels due to the corona crisis. There is uncertainty in the areas of education, housing and work. At the same time, there is concern about overarching problems such as climate change, which are not becoming less urgent due to corona. This letter gets to the heart of Budget Day, because perspective for the future always starts in the here-and-now. That is the mirror that the adults of tomorrow hold up to the adults of today. In that realization, the government is making the choice in this uncertain time not to make cutbacks, but to invest in job retention, good public facilities, and a stronger economic structure and a cleaner country now and in the future. The government's plans for the coming year rest on these pillars. The Dutch economy and public finances are resilient. In recent years, a financial buffer has been built up from which we are now reaping the benefits. This public piggy bank does not make the health effects of the coronavirus any less severe, but it did make the first direct economic consequences more bearable. Now we have to brace ourselves for the consequences of a severe economic downturn, which will also affect the economy and public finances in the long term. How exactly, depends on the question until when and to what extent the coronavirus continues to hold us in its grip. But all the recent numbers and estimates are unprecedented in peacetime. With a historic contraction of more than 5 percent in 2020. With a historic turnaround from a surplus in the national budget to a deficit of 7 percent in one year. And with unemployment doubling in one year too. Our main trading partners in Europe and worldwide are facing an economic downturn that is often even greater. This is an additional complication for an open country such as the Netherlands, which focuses on trade and exports, especially after Brexit. The international consequences of the corona crisis can hardly be overestimated, neither economically nor geopolitically. Even deeper grooves seem to be being drawn between the largest power blocs in the world. Unfortunately, in the year 75 years of the United Nations, national self-interest dominates more and more and the multilateral world order has come under further pressure. For the Dutch government there is no question that well-functioning international institutions and international cooperation are necessary to tackle problems that no country or region can tackle alone. This applies to issues of peace and security, to the climate crisis and the future of our energy supply, to poverty alleviation and now also to the fight against the corona virus. Our country takes responsibility for this. This is both a moral duty and a well-understood self-interest. The Netherlands continues to support the most vulnerable regions in the world, which have been hit hard by corona. In addition, the government continues to work on strengthening the operational deployment of Dutch military personnel. It is clear that, over the corona crisis, the world is must prepare for the possibility of another pandemic or other external shock. Corona teaches us that we are also stronger together internationally in a crisis like this. In a European context, the increasing geopolitical uncertainty and the corona crisis only increase the importance of cooperation and concerted action towards the outside world. Embedding in the European Union and the internal market form the basis of Dutch prosperity, legal certainty and security. It is true that European cooperation is often accompanied by heated discussions, which sometimes exaggerate differences between countries. Yet the agreements and the shared interests always bring the Member States back together. For example, the Netherlands works closely with other European countries to accelerate the development and availability of a vaccine. With the European recovery fund, Member States can better absorb the consequences of the corona crisis in the short term and work on structural economic reforms for the long term. It is a form of solidarity that works both ways: from neighbors who naturally help each other in times of need, but who also take steps and reform in their own country to be better prepared for the next crisis. In our country, extra government spending was able to absorb the first consequences of the corona crisis for companies and employment. For the short term, a package of support measures was launched twice to ensure that wages were continued to be paid and bankruptcies and large-scale redundancies could be prevented as much as possible. The third package, available from October 1, will run for nine months. The goal is to keep as many jobs as possible. But after the emergency support phase, it is now also important that through education and training people can make the transition to sectors where there is a shortage of personnel, and that companies can adapt to the new reality. With an additional package of almost half a billion euros for art and culture, the government underlines the great social importance of this sector. Support for public transport will continue, as many people depend on bus, train, tram and metro for their daily activities. Nearly 800 million euros will be made available for municipalities, for example for community centers, sheltered employment, cultural institutions, and for organizing the elections corona-proof. For example, local authorities and central government are working together as one government in this crisis. Discussions are underway with the hard-hit Caribbean parts of the Kingdom about which aid can be provided under which conditions. The aim is to support the population now and contribute to future economic security and social stability. Humanitarian support remains available at all times. At the start of this period, the government opted to strengthen public facilities. The importance of this has increased rather than decreased due to corona. Investing in safety, social security and an attractive living environment contributes to combating the crisis, to the resilience of the economy and to confidence in the future. This is visible in several places in the plans of the government. Nowhere is the responsibility for the future of our children and young people more directly felt and fulfilled than in front of the classroom and in the lecture halls. Education has received extra money to be able to take the next steps in the major cities in tackling the teacher shortage. After an exceptional spring with empty classes, 500 million euros is also available to eliminate educational disadvantages. For example, additional tutoring can be given with this. With an amount of 5 billion euros, the government wants to tackle the problems surrounding nitrogen in the coming years. The money that is now becoming available can be used, among other things, for nature restoration and the adaptation of stables. This is necessary for nature, which we all enjoy and which we should cherish for later. It is necessary for a healthy and innovative future for the Dutch agricultural sector, which also ensures a reliable food supply in times of crisis. And it is necessary to enable spatial developments in the field of housing and infrastructure. In total, almost 2 billion euros in planned investments for infrastructure, housing and maintenance and sustainability of government buildings are brought forward. Good mobility underpins the economy. Construction and housing market are given a boost by executing construction projects earlier. The demand for housing remains high. Housing construction is being accelerated under the direction of the national government. Starters do not have to pay transfer tax for the next five years. The government is proposing to lower the rent for people with a low income in expensive housing association housing. The rule of law is the most important public asset of society. It is the foundation of a democratic country that is socially and economically strong and where equality of opportunity is the norm. A year ago, the Netherlands was shocked by the brutal murder of lawyer Derk Wiersum. On that day it became clear once again how much organized crime undermines society. Extra money will again be available next year for the relentless fight against this, including for a new specialized team in which the knowledge and strength of the judiciary, tax authorities and defense will be bundled. An essential threat to the quality of the rule of law is that in our country a person's skin color or name still too often determines his or her chances. That is unacceptable. The social debate about this is sometimes chafing, but can also take us further in the fight against discrimination, racism and unequal treatment. Bridging existing differences starts with the willingness to listen to each other. The government realizes how crucial in the public domain trust in the actions of the government itself is. The government should stand next to people, not against people. That is why it is so important that the residents of Groningen affected by the earthquakes can count on repair of the damage suffered and the reinforcement of their homes as soon as possible, and the government is committed to quickly compensating the parents affected in the allowance affair. . Investing in the quality of public services remains necessary. For the long term, guiding choices were made during this period in the Pension Agreement and the Climate Agreement. If the necessary solidarity between young and old takes shape somewhere, then around these two themes. The elaboration and execution of both chords requires a long breath. The pension is becoming more personal and transparent. By reforming now, there can be a good pension for everyone in the future. The government hopes to submit the bill for the renewal of the pension system in 2021. The perspective of the Climate Agreement and the Climate Act is a reduction of CO2 emissions by at least 49 percent by 2030, on the way to a climate neutral Netherlands by 2050. The first Climate Memorandum will be published later this autumn. Various measures are in the pipeline for the coming year, such as a CO2 tax for industry, a smaller share of coal-fired power stations in electricity production, and measures to stimulate the circular economy, in which waste becomes a raw material again. In addition, the government wants to make a flying start with the National Growth Fund. This fund is there for the future earning capacity of our country and thus for the prosperity of tomorrow. With the fund, the government wants to invest in knowledge development, innovation and infrastructure. In addition to roads and rail, the latter also includes the digital highway and the infrastructure for energy. The unique scale and duration of the fund make it possible to transfer the Netherlands more prosperous, cleaner and more sustainable to today's young people. An amount of 20 billion euros is available for the next five years. Finally, the coronavirus has made it even clearer how important it is to ensure that the best care remains available for future generations. Many international comparisons show that Dutch healthcare is world-class. But that does not alter the fact that there is a limit to the resilience of the care institutions and the people who work there. In the short term, we need to draw lessons from this to be prepared for a possible second wave. In the long term, other lessons are needed, for example the organization of care and the workload of healthcare staff, the question of whether more remote care is possible and the need for prevention and care innovations. The cabinet is coming up with proposals to keep as many people as possible in the care sector and to tempt even more people to opt for this sector, for example with more career opportunities, less administration and more control. The appreciation for the care workers is also expressed in an extra bonus for extra efforts, this year and next year. Members of the States General, The corona crisis is putting us to the test in everything of value: health, work, family and friendships. And we realize that it is precisely now that we demand joint responsibility and responsibility. Every generation today has specific concerns and questions. But precisely in the connection between generations, everyone, young and old, can contribute in his or her own place to overcome this difficult period. Our most important certainty is that the Netherlands continues to show resilience economically, socially and mentally. The task in the parliamentary year that begins today is to continue to see the future beyond this crisis and to continue to work on perspectives for all generations. You may feel supported in your work by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Today exactly 75 years ago, Operation Market Garden started. After years of enslavement and tyranny, the hope for a better future literally came from above that day, in the form of thousands of Allied paratroopers. Eyewitnesses who saw the sky darkening over Eindhoven, Arnhem and Nijmegen on September 17, 1944, would never forget that image. 75 years later, freedom, democracy and a strong constitutional state seem self-evident values. But whoever looks at the world realizes how special it is to live in a country where people can feel safe. In which freedom goes hand in hand with tolerance and a sense of responsibility. And in which people are still willing to do something for someone else. While contradictions sometimes seem to predominate in the public debate and on social media, the day-to-day reality is different for most of us. The Netherlands remains a country of volunteers and of sensible compromises in the broad middle. From young to old, from the shop floor to the boardroom and from Willemstad to Amsterdam, people want to participate and make their contribution. That is what binds us together and what we should cherish together. In that tradition, after the liberation, the Netherlands was built up with hard work by the generations before us. Preserving and strengthening all that has been achieved is our obligation to the generations to come. At the heart of the coalition agreement therefore lies the ambition to build a society in which people feel secure and can have, maintain or regain confidence in the future. That trust starts with a strong constitutional state that protects against crime, arbitrariness and abuse of power. With valuable work and a decent income. In health and good, accessible care. In a training that offers opportunities. With a solid social network of family, friends, faith communities and associations. And with an affordable house in a safe neighborhood. We often have discussions based on numbers. But the lives of more than 17 million individual Dutch people do not fit into a mould. People get an education, change jobs, start a business, buy a house, enter into relationships, have children, or are affected by illness or loss of a loved one. It is these kinds of choices and events that have a major impact. Much larger than a purchasing power figure, a macroeconomic growth rate or a tax measure. No life conforms to the median of a statistical model. At the same time, it is beyond dispute that a strong economy is needed to continue to build a strong Netherlands together. Good facilities simply cost money, which must first be earned. The outlook for next year is still positive. Never before have so many people had paid work. The national debt is under control and the costs can be reduced. Estimates of growth, purchasing power and the budget balance show pluses for next year. But the reality is that the Netherlands will enter a phase of more moderate growth in the coming years. Our internationally oriented economy is vulnerable to disruptions in the global market, especially as a result of trade conflicts. Moreover, the impending Brexit is casting its shadow. This means that a profit warning applies for both the short and the long term, which forces us to think about how the Netherlands can earn its money in the future and remain a country with good facilities. It was agreed in the coalition agreement to make public facilities stronger. That is work in progress across the board. This gives the employees in the nursing homes more time and space to give personal attention to residents. Our soldiers can do their job better with new equipment. More police officers are coming. We invest in roads and rail. Regional plans are being implemented throughout the Netherlands to improve the quality of life in the countryside and to exploit economic opportunities. Together with municipalities and civil society organisations, a major offensive has been launched to prevent or reduce problematic debts in families. Measures are being taken to ensure that people with disabilities can find work more easily. We are also improving purchasing power and infrastructure in the Caribbean Netherlands and strengthening governance. The government is well aware that not every issue is immediately solved with a financial injection. For example, a substantial extra investment has been made to make the teaching profession more attractive, resulting in lower work pressure and more job satisfaction. We are also seeing an increasing interest in the PABO and in lateral entry into primary education. Despite this, the teacher shortage problem remains acute. The government continues to encourage even more people to choose this beautiful profession. With the pension agreement and the climate agreement, we as a country are setting the benchmark for the medium and long term. The generations after us are also entitled to a good pension, clean air and a liveable country. The major changes that are required require foresight – such as once the far-reaching decisions to keep the Netherlands safe with the Afsluitdijk and the Delta Works. These were investments out of necessity, which have provided us with the knowledge and experience to now work in our own country and worldwide on water safety for the 21st century. The choice for a climate-neutral Netherlands in 2050 is just as necessary and just as promising. Clean air and new forms of energy can go hand in hand with sustainable agriculture, clean mobility and opportunities for innovative business. The implementation of the pension agreement and the climate agreement will start this parliamentary year. You can expect proposals to increase the state pension age more slowly and to ensure that people can reach their pension in good health and working. For the climate agreement, the goals are achieved, while the bill is fairly distributed and not everything suddenly has to change. We are now taking the first steps. There will be a CO2 tax for industry. Households are enabled to experience the energy transition step by step. The energy tax is falling and a heat fund will be introduced as an incentive for homeowners to invest in climate measures. A number of concrete plans for the short term will be added to the coalition agreement. A country is not static. New urgent issues keep appearing. For example, a court ruling on nitrogen emissions forces us to look for a new approach that will allow spatial developments to continue. Another example is the decision to tackle bottlenecks in youth care with extra money for municipalities. In order to be able to build more homes faster and more for starters and middle incomes, there will be a housing impulse and corporations that build more social housing will receive a discount on the landlord levy. We strengthen the rule of law with more room for maneuver for the judiciary and the Public Prosecution Service. A final example is the decision to reduce gas extraction in Groningen even faster than previously decided. People who live in a house that needs to be reinforced can count on more urgency and the government is investing in the future of the entire area with the National Program Groningen. In addition, the cabinet wants to set out a number of long-term lines in the coming period. An important question is how the Dutch economy can continue to grow sustainably in twenty or thirty years' time. To this end, the government will present a broad-based growth agenda this year and early next year with a set-up for an investment fund. The aim is to enable specific projects in the field of knowledge development, innovation and infrastructure, which will strengthen the foundations of the economy of the future. Big questions for the long term also play a role in the healthcare sector. It is positive that we are living longer on average. But this also increases the number of chronic conditions and more and more care is needed, while there are limits to the availability of people and resources. Important steps have already been taken during this period. For example, with targeted measures to allow more people to choose and retain a career in care. With sector-wide agreements to limit expenditure growth and improve healthcare. And with the sports agreement and prevention agreement, which influence the future demand for care. But more is needed. The long-term question is: how do we keep healthcare good and accessible to everyone? How will we ensure that there are enough loving hands at the bedside and in home care – the indispensable people who are available day and night? And how do we apply technical care innovations on a broad scale? Before the summer of 2020, the government will outline the contours for the future organization of healthcare. Confidence in the future also has to do with the way in which people feel represented and with the quality of public services. Politics and government should belong to everyone and be there for everyone. The ambition is to make improvements on both points. In response to the advice of the state committee on the parliamentary system, the government is making proposals for the renewal and simplification of the electoral system, with more opportunities for voters to influence who exactly gets into the House of Representatives. To make the voice of young people sound louder, a youth parliament will be established. Government services should be much higher on the agenda. Implementing organizations such as the Tax and Customs Administration and the UWV are the face of the government. That's where people meet the government. They can simply expect to be well served at the government counter. The causes of the current problems are diverse: outdated ICT, staff shortages and policy that is too detailed, making implementation too complicated. As a result, employees of implementing organizations are sometimes faced with an impossible task and the human dimension disappears from view. The structural improvements that are needed require time and a coherent approach, for which the government will make proposals. Of course, at the start of the celebration of 75 years of liberation, we realize once again how much prosperity and well-being in the Netherlands depend on the international context. Our liberators came from across the border. And the promise of a better future, so intensely felt at the time, was given shape and substance internationally after the war by new organizations such as the United Nations, NATO and the European Union. This international embedding has brought our country a lot. The proper functioning of the post-war multilateral world order and international stability are crucial for our rule of law and for the strength of our economy. The Dutch interest and our international responsibility to advance the values ​​of freedom, democracy and the rule of law are in line with each other. This idea also underlies the policy in the field of development cooperation and the deployment of our deployed military personnel. Thanks in part to them, we have been living in peace and security for 75 years. But that same multilateral system is under pressure. The rules of the game are changing rapidly. The position of countries such as China and India as economic and political superpowers and the position of Russia are changing geopolitical relations. The old and valuable partnerships with the United States and the United Kingdom are partly being reinterpreted. Free world trade is threatened by protectionism and trade conflicts. The Netherlands and Europe must respond to this self-consciously and with realism. The government is indisputable that transatlantic cooperation and the European Union are the cornerstones of Dutch foreign policy. However, the post-war multilateral system urgently needs to be brought up to date in many respects. Examples are the international protection of intellectual property, cyber security and the effectiveness of decision-making in the UN and the World Trade Organisation. A glance at the world map shows that a strong and united European Union is becoming increasingly necessary to promote the interests of the individual member states – certainly also the Dutch interest. Support and effectiveness require a Union that sets clear priorities, seizes joint opportunities and works on cross-border problems that countries cannot solve alone. The Dutch priorities are recognizable in the new strategic agenda: security, a strong and sustainable European economy, a joint climate policy, respect for the rule of law and, last but not least, an effective migration policy. Compared to 2015, the number of migrants coming to Europe has fallen sharply. But the continuing pressure on Europe's external borders, the horrific fate of many migrants trying to cross the Mediterranean and the lack of mutual solidarity between EU Member States call for new steps. Each country must do its part. The Netherlands always receives refugees, the people who really need our help, and offers them the opportunity to participate, with all the rights and obligations that go with it. That is precisely why asylum seekers who have no chance of a status and some of whom cause nuisance should be stopped. Here too, the EU must act jointly, certainly in the direction of the countries of origin. In this way, support for a humane and fair asylum policy remains intact. Due to the political and humanitarian crisis in Venezuela, the Caribbean part of the Kingdom is also confronted with the threat of large-scale migration and its economic consequences. Practical help and assistance is available from the Netherlands. Members of the States General, A 96-year-old former England sailor, who participated in the liberation of our country as a member of the Princess Irene Brigade, recently said the following: 'I feel responsible to pass on to younger generations that you to resist if necessary. ' These are the words of Rudi Hemmes. As a young man, this hero made a choice for the future of our country at the risk of his own life. And now, 75 years later, it is still the future that drives him. That is not only inspiring – it is a task for all of us. You, members of the States General, have a special responsibility in this regard. You may feel supported in your work by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. In the parliamentary year that lies ahead, the 75th anniversary of the liberation will start. In the autumn of 1944, the occupying forces were expelled from large parts of the southern Netherlands. Above the major rivers it took a long Hunger Winter before the Wilhelmus sounded again there too. In commemorative moments like this we realize how strong the country is that has been built up since then. Strong in terms of prosperity, entrepreneurship and social security. Strong because of the democratic values ​​that are anchored in our constitutional state: equality, tolerance, freedom and legal certainty. And the Netherlands is strong because of the availability of healthcare, education and a roof over your head. Thus, post-war history tells a story of progress and improvement. Despite periods of downturn, the direction is up and forward. The government wants to make this strong country even better. The economic conditions are there for this. In 2019, the economy will grow for the sixth year in a row. National income is expected to increase by 2.6 percent next year and the government budget surplus is 1 percent. This will lower the national debt and make the Netherlands better prepared for future economic shocks. Unemployment is falling to a historically low level of 3.5 percent. Now is the time to choose direction again. To make choices that offer space and security in the here and now and for future generations. More people should notice that things are going well: at home, at work and in the neighbourhood. People need to feel again that politics is for everyone. There are questions: can we and our children continue to count on good care, an affordable house, a job, good education, a safe neighbourhood, a clean living environment and a good pension? And there is the question that does not fit in a calculator: do we live together enough in the Netherlands and not too much next to each other? An increasingly better country is not self-evident, but requires permanent maintenance and renewal. Confidence in the future is a work in progress. Building a close-knit society concerns everyone in our country. Provided: a lot is going well. The Netherlands is a country of volunteers, churches and associations that come together around special sports achievements and on national holidays. When things go wrong, the government wants to take action. This cannot be arranged in a single program or law, because a close-knit society encompasses all policy areas and all levels of government. The government is taking initiatives to combat loneliness among the elderly and to give vulnerable groups more solid ground. We should not resign ourselves to the fact that more than half of the over-75s say they feel lonely. Nor should we accept that people with problematic debts, people with confused behavior and a growing number of homeless young people are found on the margins of society. Together with provinces, municipalities and local authorities, the government wants to form broad coalitions to bring people out of isolation and give them a new chance. The government also invests in historical awareness and cultural diversity. Heritage and culture show us where we come from, hold up a mirror to the present and are therefore of great significance for the future of our country. An additional 325 million euros will be made available for heritage during this cabinet term. The budget for culture will increase by an amount that will rise to 80 million euros per year from 2020. This will create more room for new artistic talent and make it possible for all children to visit a museum during their school days. Building a cohesive society is of course also about integration. In the proposals for a new civic integration system, beneficiaries can and must immediately start working and learn good Dutch as quickly as possible. After all, work and language are the shortest route to full participation in society. It is positive for the strength of society that people will have more to spend next year, both the broad middle group of people with an average income and the elderly and benefit recipients. Wages in our country are rising. People find a job again, make a career or start working more hours. And due to a modernization of our tax system, work will pay more. The tax on consumption will rise slightly, creating room for lower taxes on labour. On balance, households will have more left over in the coming years. The favorable economy offers scope to make the socio-economic structure of our country stronger and more modern. The aim of the Balanced Labor Market Bill is to make it less risky for employers to offer people a permanent contract. The government also wants to combat false self-employment. Self-employed workers who consciously opt for entrepreneurship are not hindered by anything. Because a modern labor market takes personal circumstances into account, maternity leave for partners is extended from two days to a maximum of six weeks. Too many people with an occupational disability are still unintentionally sidelined. The government is launching a broad offensive to give them a better chance of a full-fledged job. Work should pay, also for this group. The current pension system is increasingly failing to meet people's collective expectations. Rising life expectancy, changes in the labor market and persistently low interest rates have exposed vulnerabilities. The government wants to work with social partners on a pension system that does not have these vulnerabilities, while at the same time maintaining strong elements such as collective implementation and risk sharing. The Netherlands has traditionally had a good business climate and it should remain that way. That is also why we will continue to invest in education, innovation and science, and an attractive living environment in the coming years. An additional 2 billion euros is available for catching up in infrastructure during this cabinet term. This will tackle traffic jams, improve road safety and strengthen public transport. With tax measures we increase the attractiveness of our country for large and smaller companies. Corporation tax will be lower and dividend tax will be abolished. We want to reward real activity and only bring companies to our country that add something to our economy. Tax avoidance, as in the case of letterbox companies, is therefore prevented. The favorable economy also offers room to invest in facilities and professionals that form the basis of a strong country. We do this with an eye for nurses and their patients and clients. With improvements for teachers and students. With a focus on more police officers and safety on the street. With recognition of the great significance of the work of our military at home and abroad. And with appreciation for our farmers, horticulturists and fishermen, who provide our food under sometimes difficult circumstances. The cabinet is coming up with targeted measures to better connect agriculture and nature. In addition, there will be a fund for young farmers who want to take over their parents' business. Extra money was already made available in the previous budget year for care for the elderly, so that they can rely on sufficient time, attention and good care, at home or in a nursing home. That trend continues. The extra amount for care for the elderly will rise to approximately 3 billion euros per year during this cabinet term. Our children and grandchildren also have the right to good care that is accessible to everyone. We now have to work on that, because the group of elderly people is growing and the development of new medical techniques and medicines is not standing still. More than 25 cents of every euro in public expenditure goes to health care. Therefore, with the hospitals, GPs, district nurses and mental health care concluded new agreements on quality and controlled cost growth. In order to better meet the high demand for technical personnel, VMBO schools with a technical profile receive extra money. The government is also investing heavily in early childhood education, so that the youngest children at risk of falling behind are given more attention. To tackle the acute teacher shortage, money has been made available for higher salaries in primary education, a reduction in workload and a halving of tuition fees in the first two years of teacher training. The teacher shortage will also require action and cooperation from all parties in education in the coming years. Combating large-scale and organized crime requires more attention. The Netherlands is a constitutional state where criminals do not rule. So we do not acquiesce in degeneration, in criminal accounts and in drug crime, which is taking on industrial forms in some parts of our country. More than 1,100 officers will be added, the majority of whom will work in the neighbourhoods. A growing problem is the mixing of the underworld and the upper world. We use a special fund to push back this so-called 'undermining'. In addition, extra money will be made available for cybersecurity, because it is necessary to secure the digital infrastructure of our country. Our military personnel have an important task within and beyond the national borders to keep the Netherlands safe. After years of austerity, the trend of higher defense spending will continue more firmly in 2019 and beyond. This is an amount that goes up to 1. 5 billion euros extra per year at the end of this cabinet term. That is a 17 percent increase in the defense budget. With this necessary investment, the armed forces can better carry out their constitutional task of protecting the Kingdom. A major problem is the overheated housing market. Affordable housing is scarce, especially in the large cities, and starters hardly ever get in. There is a great need for homes with a rent of 700 to 1000 euros per month. The government is joining forces with municipalities, housing associations and builders. The common goal is to make better use of the existing housing stock, to prevent excesses on the rental market and to catch up in the construction of new houses. The ambition is to build an average of 75,000 homes per year. It goes without saying that the problems cannot be solved at the touch of a button. But it is necessary to turn the tide. The same applies to climate policy. Just as this generation should not saddle future generations with an unsustainable national debt, we should also not pass on environmental debt. The reality is that climate policy affects our entire way of living, working and living. At the same time, an ambitious climate policy offers opportunities for the innovative strength of the Netherlands. In the summer, representatives of industry, the energy sector, agriculture, nature organizations and logistics companies presented a proposal for the outlines of a climate agreement. The main thing in the elaboration is that the transition to cleaner energy sources and production methods must be feasible and affordable for everyone in our country. We can only make this big bend together. The parliamentary initiative for the Climate Act shows that this is possible. The urgency of the energy transition has only increased after the decision to reduce gas extraction in Groningen to zero as quickly as possible. With this decision, the government wants to do justice to the inhabitants of the earthquake area. Of course, this does not solve all problems at once. That is why the government is taking concrete follow-up steps to compensate for the damage and to strengthen the regional economy. Central government, provinces, municipalities and water boards can only achieve many goals together. The energy transition, safety on the street, the care for a vital and liveable countryside, but also tackling domestic violence and child abuse – it all requires administrative cooperation. The role of the local authorities is becoming larger and more important. The growth of the municipal and provincial funds helps them to continue to perform all tasks properly. Members of the States General, post-war history proves that building a strong Netherlands cannot be done without looking outwards. Embedding our country in international structures is the basis for lasting prosperity and security. Based on this basic principle, the Netherlands is an active member of NATO, the UN, the EU and organizations such as the World Trade Organisation. The multilateral world order that was built after the Second World War is under pressure. The threats to the international legal order and free world trade are legion, both in the ring around Europe and further afield. It is a direct Dutch interest to contribute to a stable international environment. The Dutch military, who are committed to this under the most difficult circumstances, have our unconditional support. Until 1 January 2019, the Kingdom of the Netherlands is a member of the Security Council. In that role, we emphasize, among other things, the modernization of the UN organization and UN missions and more attention to conflict prevention. Dutch development cooperation is supported by the proven combination of aid and trade. There will be extra money and attention for aid to refugees, for reception in the region, for education in developing countries and for support in achieving climate goals. The closest are our partners in the European Union, with whom we work together on security, stability and prosperity for all citizens of the Member States. Membership of the EU makes our country stronger in a world in which power relations are shifting and old alliances are no longer self-evident. It is in the Dutch interest that Europe collectively continues to fight for free world trade and against the threat of import tariffs and other barriers to trade. 2019 will be an intensive year for the European Union with a new European Commission and an as yet unpredictable Brexit. With a positive agenda, the Dutch government continues to advocate for a better EU that focuses on core tasks and keeps its commitments. Together we must further deepen the internal market and make the euro stronger. Together we stand for the rule of law. And only together can we effectively tackle the unrest at Europe's external borders and the migration issue. In the context of the Kingdom, the reconstruction of Sint Maarten, Sint Eustatius and Saba has high priority after two devastating hurricanes in 2017. Over 600 million euros will be made available for this in the coming years. The Netherlands is working on concrete improvements with the governments of Curaçao and Aruba. For example, by interesting more Dutch companies to invest in Curaçao and by supporting the improvement of youth care in Aruba. The Joint Coast Guard has a crucial role in managing migratory flows and law enforcement. On Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, the government is taking concrete measures to reduce poverty. Employer contributions in the Caribbean Netherlands will be reduced by 5 percent, which could increase the minimum wage and benefits by 5 percent. In addition, EUR 30 million is available for poverty reduction, infrastructure and economic development. In this way we continue to shape a Kingdom together in which we stand by each other. Members of the States General, One hundred years ago, the first elections took place in the Netherlands after the introduction of universal male suffrage and the system of proportional representation. Traditional movements lost ground. The dividing lines of pillarization became more pronounced than before. And new, often small fractions presented themselves on both the left and the right. The confessional Ruijs de Beerenbrouck cabinet that took office in September 1918, in the aftermath of the First World War, was based on exactly half the number of seats in the House of Representatives. Nevertheless, with the introduction of the eight-hour working day and universal women's suffrage, it was able to make substantial improvements. That is why we will be celebrating 100 years of suffrage for all Dutch people in 2019. Every era is unique. But perhaps one parallel with the present can be drawn. The government realizes that there are no obvious large majorities in the implementation of the coalition agreement. There is, however, the Dutch tradition that we work together to improve a strong country step by step. In that tradition, the government wants to work, together with you and with everyone in our country. In our democratic system, a special responsibility rests on you, members of the States General. You may feel supported in your work by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. On Prinsjesdag, all eyes are traditionally focused on The Hague. But today our hearts and thoughts are first and foremost with the inhabitants of Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius, who have been hit so hard by the destructive force of Hurricane Irma. We all sympathize intensely. It is precisely in these difficult circumstances that the interconnectedness in the Kingdom becomes visible. Support has been expressed and help is offered from many quarters. The government will do everything in its power to alleviate the acute need. The Caribbean part of the Kingdom is not alone in the reconstruction. Looking at the Netherlands we see On Prinsjesdag, all eyes are traditionally focused on The Hague. But today our hearts and thoughts are first and foremost with the inhabitants of Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius, who have been hit so hard by the destructive force of Hurricane Irma. We all sympathize intensely. It is precisely in these difficult circumstances that the interconnectedness in the Kingdom becomes visible. Support has been expressed and help is offered from many quarters. The government will do everything in its power to alleviate the acute need. The Caribbean part of the Kingdom is not alone in the reconstruction. Looking at the Netherlands we see On Prinsjesdag, all eyes are traditionally focused on The Hague. But today our hearts and thoughts are first and foremost with the residents of Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius, who have been hit so hard by the devastating power of Hurricane Irma. We all sympathize intensely. It is precisely in these difficult circumstances that the interconnectedness in the Kingdom becomes visible. Support has been expressed and help is offered from many quarters. The government will do everything in its power to alleviate the acute need. The Caribbean part of the Kingdom is not alone in the reconstruction. Looking at the Netherlands we see hit hard by the devastating power of Hurricane Irma. We all sympathize intensely. It is precisely in these difficult circumstances that the interconnectedness in the Kingdom becomes visible. Support has been expressed and help is offered from many quarters. The government will do everything in its power to alleviate the acute need. The Caribbean part of the Kingdom is not alone in the reconstruction. Looking at the Netherlands we see hit hard by the devastating power of Hurricane Irma. We all sympathize intensely. It is precisely in these difficult circumstances that the interconnectedness in the Kingdom becomes visible. Support has been expressed and help is offered from many quarters. The government will do everything in its power to alleviate the acute need. The Caribbean part of the Kingdom is not alone in the reconstruction. Looking at the Netherlands we seemany positive developments at the end of this cabinet term. More people have a job. More people are buying a house. Entrepreneurs invest more. And after difficult years we see a flourishing economy and a healthy treasury. However, not everyone notices economic growth sufficiently in daily life. It is therefore important that more people take advantage of the economic prosperity. In addition, we see that there is a lot going on in the world around us. Think of all the wars and armed conflicts that plague the world, of the threat of terrorism and of migration. There are also significant changes in geopolitical relations. The fact that Budget Day is taking place this year at a time of cabinet formation means that caution is advised when submitting new proposals. That does not absolve the government of its duty to do what is in the national interest. Adjustments are always necessary to be able to respond to current developments. Thanks in part to the constructive attitude of many parties in the States General, the foundations of the Netherlands have become stronger in recent years. Our country is in much better shape than at the start of the cabinet in 2012. This is the result of the international economic recovery, but also of the adaptability, hard work and resilience of the Dutch population. After years of headwinds, the economy has been growing again since 2014. At the start of this cabinet term, there was still a contraction of 1 percent. This year and next year the expected growth is 3.3 and 2.5 percent. Many relevant signals are green: the export, consumption and business investment are growing. The surplus in the national budget continues to rise. Having a job or being unemployed makes a big difference in people's lives. That is why it is so positive that more and more people have paid work. Unemployment is falling rapidly to an expected 4.3 percent next year. But no matter how good all the figures and forecasts are, not everyone benefits from them. There are still people who struggle to pay the rent and make ends meet each month or who worry about their job security. The government has ensured that all groups, including social minimums and the elderly, will at least retain their purchasing power in 2018. In an open and internationally oriented society like ours, foreign countries are always an influential factor. Unfortunately, the tendency in recent years is for international instability to increase. It is a trend that seems to be strengthening and that affects people's lives directly and indirectly. The international interconnectedness of our country is often enriching. The Dutch go on holiday abroad in large numbers. We are in contact worldwide through social media. And we earn a large part of our money across borders. Globalization is a fact that we as a country have to respond to. Many Dutch people are reaping the benefits of this. But that is not the case for everyone and not in all areas. For example, people increasingly have to compete with employees from other countries, whereby sometimes the same rules of the game do not apply or are used for everyone. Tensions elsewhere in the world often result in war and violence. That violence sometimes comes very close. The most threatening are the terrorist attacks in countries around us. Places that almost everyone knows can easily turn into places of fear, sadness and human suffering: the Promenade des Anglais, Westminster Bridge, the Ramblas. Yet we must not allow ourselves to be ruled by fear. The best answer to terrorism is to stick to our way of life. The security services involved are very alert and are doing everything they can to prevent attacks. Combating radicalization requires both preventive and repressive actions, from paying attention to schools to withdrawing Dutch citizenship. The strength of our way of life is that every person, regardless of origin or belief, can be themselves in the Netherlands within the shared values ​​of the rule of law. The government invests in many ways in social cohesion, in integration, in compliance with the law and in strengthening our shared norms and values. A connected society is above all a shared responsibility and a permanent task in which families, schools, associations, in short, all of us, have their own and important role. In order to guarantee our national security and prosperity, the Netherlands cooperates in the European Union, NATO, the United Nations and other international associations. After all, only together with others can we tackle the many international challenges. That is why the withdrawal from the European Union of a natural ally like the United Kingdom is a disappointing step, which we must handle carefully. In Brussels, the Netherlands continues to fight for a European Union that offers solutions for issues in areas such as security, migration and climate and energy. For example, the agreements from the Paris climate agreement must be anchored in a solid European climate and energy policy. Combating climate change is by definition an international task, to which every country must contribute. In the Netherlands, we are fully implementing the Energy Agreement. The reduction of CO2 emissions is central to this. In 2018, the Kingdom is a member of the UN Security Council. This membership underlines our continued commitment to stability worldwide, using all the means at our disposal: diplomacy, development cooperation and the deployment of military personnel. Deploying our military personnel is a major responsibility that fits in with the international tradition that the Netherlands stands for and which is in our interest. The Dutch men and women who, even far from home, are committed to peace and security deserve our support and great respect. Dutch military efforts will continue to focus primarily on the wider ring of instability around Europe, because this affects the Netherlands and its allies the most. The government recently made proposals to you to continue the ongoing missions in Lithuania, Afghanistan and Mali, and the Dutch contribution to the fight against ISIS and the fight against piracy in 2018. In order to be able to tackle some urgent bottlenecks, extra money is going to security and counter-terrorism. The intelligence services will be enabled to recruit more personnel. The Royal Netherlands Marechaussee will receive funds to strengthen border security, including at Schiphol Airport. In order to better cope with the increasing risks and threats in the digital world, extra money will be made available to act against cyber espionage, cyber sabotage and cyber crime. Security and stability also form the basis for growth and prosperity in the Caribbean part of the Kingdom. That is why extra money will be made available for the coastguard and the efforts to combat cross-border and subversive crime will continue for 4 years. Good education and poverty alleviation are essential when working on structural improvement of the situation in the Caribbean part of the Kingdom. Where possible, the government offers practical support to local initiatives. The recent agreements on poverty reduction with the new government of Curaçao are an example of this. The government feels a permanent and special responsibility to do justice to the innocent victims of flight MH17. On July 17, exactly 3 years after the plane was brought down, their relatives gathered in the memorial forest in Vijfhuizen, where 298 trees commemorate the victims. All the countries involved have recently decided that the next step, the criminal prosecution and trial of the perpetrators, will take place in the Netherlands. From 2018, money has been reserved for this. More money will be available for nursing home care next year. The aim is to be able to offer more loving care to the most vulnerable elderly, by deploying more staff. This meets a wide-ranging wish in society and in the States General. To meet the quality standards in nursing homes, a first step will be taken in 2018 with a budget increase of € 435 million. Good education for all children is important and teachers make the difference. They deserve appreciation for that. The government is investing €270 million in improving and new agreements on working conditions in primary education. Gas extraction in Groningen has been reduced by more than half during this cabinet term and production will be further reduced from 1 October. But more is needed to do justice to the affected people of Groningen. A damage fund and a new damage protocol are being prepared. The government realizes that the major concerns of the people living in the earthquake area in Groningen have not simply been dispelled. Members of the States General, On Budget Day we look at the state of affairs in our country, in order to further shape policy from there. It is always a snapshot and never a final image. There is a permanent task for the government to work for growth and a better life for everyone living in our country. That also fits in with our history, in which we have always managed to find our way up. On the threshold of the next cabinet term, a new parliamentary year starts today, in which the program of the next cabinet will determine your work. The Netherlands is a coalition country. Much has been achieved in the past period through collaboration and there is much to build on. As representatives of the people, you have a special responsibility in this regard. You may feel supported by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. The Netherlands has regained solid ground in recent years. The financial and economic crisis is behind us. We live in a prosperous and attractive country, also in comparison with other countries, and we have good facilities, good infrastructure and a strong rule of law. We have a lot to be proud of and build on. At the same time, in the maelstrom of everyday life, unrest and unease are characteristics of this time. With everything going on worldwide, it is understandable that we as a society worry and become more attached to the familiar and known. After all, the international threat of terrorism, the instability at Europe's external borders, the refugee issue and the economic uncertainties on the world market are real problems with a major impact on everyday life. However, it is not the first time in the history of our country that we have to seek solutions for threatening and unpredictable developments. It is also not the last time that we will find those solutions together. The recently deceased former Prime Minister Piet de Jong, who almost managed to elevate the sensible handling of unrest and change to an art form, spoke regularly about the need for 'lasting progress'. He once said: It is the task of the government to look forward to what the future must become and to make the necessary adjustments as early as possible to seize the opportunities that the future offers.' This government's term of office started from the conviction that healthy public finances and a strong economy form the foundation for a good and solidarity-based social system, good care and education and a high quality of other public facilities for future generations. In all the major changes that have occurred, the objective of government policy has remained unchanged: to ensure a future where progress, innovation and economic growth can continue to go hand in hand with protection, solidarity and caring for each other - in the best traditions of our country. A few years ago, these achievements were under pressure. The economy shrank, the budget deficit was almost 4 percent and the number of people looking for work peaked at 700,000, about 8 percent of our workforce. In addition, house prices had fallen sharply, the state pension was in danger of becoming unaffordable and health care costs rose year on year much faster than national income. The fact that our country is now in significantly better shape than it was a few years ago and that it is again participating in the leading group in Europe is a collective achievement. Political differences were bridged and different social interests were united. Never before have so many major reforms been launched simultaneously, often with the support of opposition parties and civil society organisations. This happened in health care and education, in the labor market and the housing market, and in the state pension, the energy sector and the financial sector. A lot is asked of everyone. Many have made financial sacrifices and a willingness to accept changes in daily life has been demanded. Without the perseverance, hard work and entrepreneurial spirit of the Dutch population, the result would have been less positive. The Dutch economy has been growing steadily for several years now. Despite Brexit, the expected growth for 2017 is 1.7 percent. The housing market has picked up and cost increases in healthcare have been contained. The budget deficit will fall to 0.5 percent next year and the national debt will also fall rapidly towards 60 percent of our national income. This gives you room to move again. With fewer people, the mortgage is under water, which makes moving easier. Tenants will have more financial leeway through an increase in the rent allowance. Entrepreneurs who have confidence in the future are more likely to invest in employees and in renewing their company. And families get more to spend. More and more people are finding work again. After 2014, more than 225,000 jobs were added in our country. Step by step, unemployment has been reduced to 5.8 percent. It is positive that more job seekers over the age of 45 are finding a job. The number of young people in work is at the highest level in seven years. The agreements with employers about more jobs for people with an occupational disability are being implemented energetically. Labor participation is also growing because more and more Dutch people are willing and able to participate actively in the labor market. This does mean, however, that the number of unemployed is declining less quickly than hoped. Therefore, tackling unemployment - in particular long-term unemployment - remains a high priority. The government has agreed a number of targeted measures with the social partners. For example, the rules for seasonal work will be relaxed and unemployed people over 50 will receive more intensive support in finding work. The minimum youth wage from the age of 21 will be abolished in two steps, because young people also earn a full wage. Employers are compensated for this to counteract negative effects on employment. the risk' s and uncertainties for our open and internationally oriented economy mainly come from abroad. Lower growth rates in major emerging markets such as China and Brazil are having an impact on us. Due to the announced Brexit, there are also new uncertainties in Europe, which directly affect the Netherlands. The United Kingdom is an important trading partner and Brexit is costing jobs, including in our country. The government's goal is to keep economic relations strong. Cooperation in Europe is crucial for the open Dutch economy. In the European Union, the Netherlands continues to focus on growth and jobs. A stable euro, a strong and effective banking union and a strong and fair internal European market, with equal pay for the same work in the same place, are directly in our country's interest. The positive financial and economic developments are slowly but surely opening up room for income growth and targeted investments in the future. It is gratifying that purchasing power is growing again this year and next year for the employed, the elderly and people on benefits. In this way, the government once again ensures a balanced distribution of purchasing power. The health care allowance is going up. With an impulse of 200 million euros, the threshold for young parents to use childcare will be lowered, making it easier to reconcile work and family. It is important that children at risk of growing up in poverty can participate in school trips, join a sports club and have the opportunity to take music lessons. 100 million euros will be made available for this. Proposed cutbacks in long-term care for the elderly and disabled amounting to half a billion euros will be scrapped. Extra money will be made available in education to promote equal opportunities. The allowance for specific school costs in MBO, for example for work clothes, tools and software, will be increased. Major investments in energy transition, sustainability, accessibility and education are desirable. Small and medium-sized enterprises must also be able to obtain financing for new growth. The government will come up with proposals to better support these investments where necessary. Investing in the future also means tackling problems such as those that occur in the earthquake zone in the province of Groningen. The consequences are far-reaching and the government wants to work on solutions together with all concerned Groningen residents. By halving gas production compared to 2012 and by reinforcing homes and other buildings, safety risks are limited. The consequences of climate change require substantial investments and innovations in sustainable energy sources, such as wind, water and sunlight. Agreements on an affordable and clean energy supply are laid down in the Energy Agreement. This development is not only good for the environment, but also provides jobs and opportunities for the Dutch business community. Due to the security situation nearby and elsewhere in the world, the government will again allocate extra money in 2017 to the armed forces, the police, the judiciary and the Public Prosecution Service. Since 2014, the defense budget has been gradually increased, rising to a structural additional 870 million euros in 2020. Crime rates in the Netherlands are falling steadily and the government continues to invest in improving safety. With the budget for 2016, an additional structural amount of 250 million euros has already been made available for safety. From 2017, 450 million euros will be added structurally. This gives the people who work every day for our safety more space to perform their tasks: from the local police officer to special units for counterterrorism, from the public prosecutor to the prison guard. In the past year, the world was once again shaken by horrific jihadist attacks, causing untold sorrow and human suffering. France, Belgium, Germany and Turkey, among others, were hit hard. We must not and will in no way allow terrorists to threaten our freedom, our security and our democratic values. The Action Program Integrated Approach to Jihadism contains a mix of preventive and repressive measures. The government wants to remove the breeding ground for radicalization in the Netherlands, for example by promoting active citizenship in schools. Traveling out becomes more difficult for jihadists and their benefits are stopped. They will be prosecuted and risk having their Dutch nationality revoked after a conviction. Cooperation in Europe in the fight against terrorism is crucial. Within the European Union, our country is working intensively on better information exchange between European intelligence and investigation services, common border control, tackling funding flows and improving cybersecurity. Outside Europe, the Netherlands continues to contribute to the fight against ISIS in the hotbeds of Syria and Iraq with military, humanitarian and political means. Our military and aid workers there and elsewhere in the world are doing important work in difficult circumstances in the service of international stability and people in oppression. In close cooperation with the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom, the government has successfully campaigned for temporary membership of the United Nations Security Council. Reform of the United Nations is an important theme for the government. In terms of content, the priority is an integrated approach to peace, security and development, conflict prevention and the protection of civilians. War and terror drive innocent people away from home and into an uncertain future. During the Dutch presidency of the European Union in the first half of 2016, much was done to bring the flow of refugees from Syria and other vulnerable countries under control. This policy is based on three pillars: removing reasons to flee by improving living conditions and combating violence on the spot, reception in the region, and combating people smuggling via life-threatening routes by sea. The Netherlands is helping, among other things, with 260 million euros to improve reception in the region. In March 2016, agreements were made with the Turkish government to contain and better regulate the refugee flow. The number of people who drown horribly on makeshift crossings between Turkey and Greece and the number of asylum seekers coming to Europe has fallen substantially as a result. The further implementation of these agreements will require the necessary attention in the coming period. The Netherlands is a country that offers everyone who qualifies for this the opportunity to integrate into our society and to make everyone who lives here feel at home. Asylum seekers who come to the Netherlands are offered decent, but sober reception. This was achieved last year thanks to the efforts of municipalities, aid agencies and many volunteers. Anyone who wants to build a future in the Netherlands must be prepared to learn the language and make an active contribution. We expect everyone to make a conscious and positive commitment to our country and our way of life. The mandatory participation declaration will come into effect in 2017. Participation and integration are promoted, among other things, by giving asylum seekers the opportunity to do voluntary work. It is in keeping with the character of the Netherlands that in many neighborhoods and municipalities all kinds of private initiatives are taken to involve asylum seekers in society. At the same time, it is logical that there is concern in society about the arrival of large groups of refugees. We wonder whether the differences in culture and standards and values ​​are not too great and whether facilities are not coming under too much pressure. The Netherlands has long fought for a number of democratic values, including the separation of church and state, freedom of expression and freedom of religion. In our country, men and women are equal before the law and we do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion or sexual orientation. Anyone who wants to live in our country must respect and live these values. No one is asked to deny their own origin or culture, but constitutional norms cannot be tampered with and intimidation and violence are dealt with harshly. Members of the States General, the Netherlands is a strong country in an unstable world. In recent years, joint results have been achieved that mean that we can look ahead with confidence. It is not wise to underestimate the problems and international uncertainties facing the Netherlands. But history teaches us that "continuous progress" is possible by working together towards solutions, in our own country and with our international partners. This also marks your work in the parliamentary year starting today. You may feel supported by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. The Dutch are always able to change course if circumstances so require. During the crisis of recent years, we have seen that strength again. And with results. The economy is growing again. Thanks to the efforts and perseverance of entrepreneurs, employees and many others in society, the Netherlands is in relatively good shape from a socio-economic point of view. The recovery is not only driven by exports, but also by factors such as growing consumption, business investment and a strong recovery in key sectors such as construction and the housing market. For the first time in a long time, growth forecasts are again above two percent and public finances are developing in the right direction. With all these reasons to look to the future positively and with confidence, there is no need to sit back. Unemployment is still too high. Although the number of jobs is increasing, too many people are still unable to find work. With the proposed changes to the tax system, the government wants to boost job growth and people's purchasing power. The wage costs for employees who earn the minimum wage or slightly more will be reduced. This makes it financially more attractive to hire cleaners, employ or retain teaching assistants and cashiers. A lower income tax stimulates consumption and thus employment. This, and the available wage margin in the private and public sector, makes purchasing power improvement possible for all workers. Purchasing power remains stable for retirees and people on benefits. It is important that everyone starts to feel the recovery, so that people again dare to look to the future with growing optimism. The Netherlands has traditionally been a country with a balanced income distribution and a large, strong middle class. Generations grew up believing that they could improve themselves by doing business, studying, working and being active in society. Now that the economy is improving and there is cautious room for a recovery in purchasing power and employment, confidence can return that future generations will also get better. The government contributes to this by ensuring the quality and accessibility of facilities. In the Netherlands, people must be able to count on good care, high-quality and accessible education, adequate social provisions and a solid pension system. Together with a well-functioning housing market and labor market, this enables people to shape their future. The necessary reforms in recent years are aimed at this. They have been developed with broad political support and meet the need for freedom of choice, independence and customization. Many measures have just come into effect. The big task now is to implement them properly and carefully, paying attention to unintended and undesired consequences, especially for the most vulnerable. The government will work intensively on this in the coming years. Where people get into trouble, adjustments are necessary, such as with the personal budget. Everyone wants to grow old healthy and independently. If that is no longer possible at any time, people want to be able to count on good support and care for a dignified old age. A structural amount of 210 million euros will be made available to improve care in nursing homes and make room for more personal attention. This autumn, the government will present a work program in which it will further elaborate the plans for the future pension system. It is important that all workers have the opportunity to build up a good pension. The system can become more transparent, simpler and more personal, with the right balance between freedom of choice and risk sharing. In a demanding period of their lives, young parents are given more room to combine work and family. The childcare allowance is going up. There will be extra places for toddler care that are affordable for all parents. The maternity leave for fathers is extended. An important result of the reform policy is that higher education will have about 4,000 new teachers and a few hundred more researchers with a teaching task. For students, this means considerably more personal attention, more intensive supervision and a better entry into the labor market. This investment in quality of education is paid for from money released by the introduction of the student loan system. In November 2015, the government will present the National Science Agenda, which is being drawn up in close collaboration with top scientists and leading entrepreneurs. The aim is to expand the strengths of Dutch science and to make choices that ensure a more recognizable profile of institutions. This not only boosts the international position of our universities, but also the innovative and competitive strength of our industry and other knowledge-intensive sectors. All these measures, reforms and investments contribute to further economic recovery and to maintaining the high quality of Dutch society. That quality also has an intangible side. People are concerned about topics such as the roughening of society and the manner in which they interact with each other. In the Netherlands, tolerance and a lot of space for the individual traditionally go hand in hand with highly developed solidarity and mutual involvement. These shared values ​​represent a large social capital. They ensure that all inhabitants of the Kingdom can develop in freedom, feel protected and feel at home. This cherished way of life is also central to the joint celebration of 200 years of the Kingdom. The Netherlands continues to work on a good future together with the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom. The government has an exemplary role in propagating shared values. The integrity of public administration should not be called into question. The government sets and enforces rules to safeguard public order and safety. Where the underworld and the upper world are mixed, this is addressed. Additional funds will be made available for this. However, values ​​are not only a matter for the government, but also for all inhabitants of our country. Anyone who puts their own interests or their own convictions above all else limits the space for others and puts collective values ​​and achievements under pressure. Precisely the normal and respectful interaction with each other requires alertness and an active attitude from each of us, as befits the long Dutch tradition of responsible citizenship. This certainly applies when officers, road workers, ambulance nurses and others who work with heart and soul for the public good are faced with verbal or physical violence. The threat of radicalization and terrorist attacks in Europe is putting society under pressure. This not only threatens the safety of people, it is also a breeding ground for mutual mistrust and a danger to social cohesion in our country. We must prevent conflicts abroad having a polarizing effect in our society. It is crucial that we arm ourselves against this threat. The government is therefore structurally setting aside extra money to strengthen the operational task of the security services, the collection and analysis of information, and the prevention policy. The threat of a terrorist attack is not an isolated problem, but a direct result of the rise of jihadist movements in Syria, Iraq and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa. In addition, instability in the ring around Europe has increased further in the past year due to the Russian annexation of Crimea and the conflict in eastern Ukraine. Other hot spots also threaten the international legal order, for example in Mali, Yemen and Afghanistan. All these developments directly and indirectly affect our security and freedom. Most pressing is the situation of the large numbers of people who go to Europe in often unsafe and overcrowded boats and by other means to request asylum here. The harrowing images of people adrift that come to us every day from Kos and Calais, among other places, expose a range of problems and personal suffering, for which there are no easy and quick solutions. These problems have been caused by military conflicts, political instability, violations of human rights, poverty and lack of opportunity and future. The flow of refugees is growing and does not tolerate a wait-and-see attitude. The current situation is creating tensions in Europe. This requires sharp choices for limiting the influx and better distribution among the member states. An integrated approach is needed that takes all relevant factors into account. These include international conflict management, reception in the region, combating human smuggling, a strict but fair asylum procedure in each country, an effective return policy and the prospect of integration for people who cannot return to their country of origin. Only in this way can justice be done to the humanitarian aspect and to social support in the Netherlands and other European countries. In its foreign policy, the government is committed to international cooperation and an integrated approach, including in the EU, NATO and UN context. Military and legal actions must go hand in hand with community building, strengthening the rule of law, diplomacy in the region, emergency aid and trade facilitation. For NATO, the member states want to ensure that the alliance is able to respond more quickly to threats from all directions. This requires adjustments; in political decision-making and in military terms. From 2016, the government will structurally make extra money available for the armed forces, from 220 million euros next year to 345 million in later years. This money will be spent on, among other things, further improving operational deployability. In addition, extra money will be made available on a structural basis for Dutch participation in military missions. The way in which Dutch soldiers are committed to peace and security is impressive and arouses admiration. Security and migration are two main international themes' s who will also sign the Dutch EU presidency in the first half of 2016. As chairman, the Netherlands wants to be a pragmatic bridge builder. Only together are we able to guarantee our collective security, protect our shared values ​​and best serve the well-being and prosperity of the people of Europe. For our country, economic growth and as many new and full-fledged jobs as possible are important points of attention. This requires an innovative Europe with a well-functioning internal market and open trade relations with the rest of the world. Other topics that will require attention during the presidency are the position of Greece and the British referendum on EU membership. The government's starting point remains a Europe that functions better and focuses on the essentials. An important stage on which the EU must present itself as a unity is the UN climate summit in Paris in December 2015. Together with the other EU Member States, the Dutch effort is aimed at a significant reduction in the emission of harmful substances compared to the level of 1990. Dutch multinationals already set an international example in the field of sustainable business operations, knowledge and skills. The government enables companies to invest more attractively in environmentally friendly techniques from a tax point of view. Combating climate change and making the economy more sustainable are major, overarching themes. The consequences for future generations are very direct and concrete. This certainly applies to our country, which is largely below sea level. Water safety therefore has a high priority. In many locations, work will be done in the coming years to strengthen dikes and dune areas. This is often done in the most innovative ways. For example, in the renewal of the Afsluitdijk, safety, nature development and energy generation are combined. Projects such as these reinforce the good international reputation and position of our water sector and contribute to our future energy supply. Earlier this year it was decided to extract less gas in Groningen because of the earthquakes. The National Coordinator Groningen, together with the inhabitants of the area, draws up a plan for the reinforcement of homes. The reduced availability of gas makes the agreements in the Energy Agreement about the development of new forms of energy even more important. In December 2015, the government will publish a report with a strategic vision for the energy supply in the Netherlands. Members of the States General, the Netherlands is a stable and attractive country to live in. Ensuring that this remains the case requires everyone's commitment and continued investment in society. In an unstable international environment and a society in transition, new issues are constantly presenting themselves. For the government in the coming period, the focus will be on contributing to international stability and working on further economic recovery, employment growth and proper implementation of the reforms that have been initiated. In this way, the Netherlands remains a country that offers everyone opportunities and confidence in the future. The government is working with you on this. You may feel supported by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. In the summer of 2014, it once again became apparent that freedom and security are vulnerable - also in our part of the world, including in the Netherlands. On July 17, a terrible fate befell the 298 occupants of flight MH17, including 196 compatriots. As a result, this year's festive tradition of Prinsjesdag is surrounded by a mourning edge of sadness. The plane crash over Ukrainian territory has directly affected many, including in your united assembly, and deeply shocked us all. All over the country people were visibly one, in silence and mourning. This involvement and solidarity offer comfort to everyone who has to deal with a great personal loss. The MH17 disaster and the situation in Ukraine and the Middle East make it clear how in today's world everything is interconnected. We live in an open and internationally oriented country that is an active part of the global community through personal, economic, political and cultural ties. That brings us a lot of good, but it also comes with real risks and vulnerabilities. Conflicts that take place thousands of miles away evoke emotions and reactions in our country. This is not new, but in a time when everyone controls the world via their smartphone, the social impact is greater and more noticeable. The situation in northern Iraq, Syria and Gaza leads to tensions in our country and to feelings of powerlessness and insecurity. The hatred that ruins people elsewhere in the world, must not spill over to our streets. Geopolitical developments also have a direct impact on our society from an economic point of view. A recent example is the negative consequences for the Dutch business community of the mutual economic sanctions of the European Union and Russia. The resilience of society and the economy is being tested by all this. To counterbalance this, a fixed course and clear choices are needed. The government is grateful that there is political and social support for this and will continue to work on this. The government stands firm for people's fundamental rights and freedoms and intervenes when borders are crossed. Hate speech, threats of violence or discrimination against populations will not be tolerated under any circumstances. Every resident of our country must feel safe and protected. Every resident of our country should feel free to express his or her faith, orientation and philosophy. Countering extremism and intolerance is a core task of the government. Much of the power comes from society itself. Parents, schools, sports clubs and other parties are needed to prevent radicalisation. The Netherlands is resilient in this area, building on a long tradition of freedom and solidarity. Protecting the Dutch constitutional state is not only a domestic matter. An active foreign policy, aimed at peace and security in countries and regions where these are at risk, is relevant and in our interest. We can only fulfill that responsibility in close cooperation with our international partners in the European Union, NATO and the United Nations. The Netherlands has traditionally been very aware of this task. It is not for nothing that promotion of the international legal order is part of our Constitution. This assignment is given shape and substance by making people and resources available for missions such as those in Mali and the anti-piracy mission off the African coast. All Dutch soldiers deployed deserve great respect. In view of the mounting tensions in the world and the resulting responsibilities, the government is increasing defense spending. The budget is structurally growing by an extra 100 million per year. This is a break with the past. The government is also making one-off extra money available for international emergency aid and the reception of refugees in the region. For example, the Netherlands provides support to the large group of displaced persons who are driven from their homes because of who they are or because of what they believe. New threats such as the outbreak of the Ebola virus in West Africa require an international approach and emergency aid on the ground to prevent further spread. In its own country, the government is working on a structural recovery and growth of the economy and employment. This requires healthy public finances, a balanced income distribution, a sustainable system of social and old age provisions, a well-functioning labor market and housing market, a future-oriented education system and affordable and accessible care. The government's eye is also focused on cooperation with the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom, in order to promote sustainable development of society there as well. For many Dutch people, access to good care is proof of the quality of society. The Netherlands has one of the best and most accessible healthcare systems in the world. It is in the interest of all people in our country that this remains the case. Good care is an indispensable basic provision. The fact is that the costs of our healthcare are growing faster than our economy. That is why agreements have been made with all parties in the healthcare sector about increasing cost awareness, combating waste and tackling fraud. In this way savings are achieved while maintaining quality. For the first time in many years, the cost development is not that bad compared to the original estimates. These were based on an increase of 16 billion euros between 2013 and 2017. Due to the implemented policy, the increase will on balance amount to 6 billion euros. As of 1 January 2015, tasks in home care and youth care and facilities for people with an occupational disability will be transferred to municipalities. By organizing this close to people, bureaucracy is tackled and specific needs and preferences can be better taken into account. The aim is a flexible system of good and accessible facilities that meets the needs and freedom of choice of the individual. In this way we also strengthen the resilience of the Netherlands. Governments and companies will make every effort in 2015 to get as many people with an occupational disability as possible into a regular job. Facilities in home care and youth care will remain available, but people will have to deal with different conditions and adjustments in the service. This demands a lot from them and can lead to uncertainty. That is precisely why everything is geared to steer these changes in the right direction in the coming years. By providing a domestic help allowance, many employees keep their jobs and remain the trusted face to their clients. Recognizing that not everything can go smoothly with an operation of this magnitude, the government is making every effort to keep implementation problems to a minimum, together with the municipalities and together with the people and organizations that provide and receive facilities. An additional 400 million euros is available for this in 2015. The energy and decisiveness with which these major changes are being worked on deserve appreciation and inspire confidence. The Dutch economy is showing resilience. It is encouraging that, after a number of years of contraction and rising unemployment, our country is cautiously on the way up again. The government deficit is expected to fall to 2.2 percent of gross domestic product in 2015. That is why no new cutbacks are necessary and approximately one billion euros in previously intended tax increases for citizens do not have to be implemented. In 2015, the wage adjustment in the public sector will be paid in full. After a zero line of years, the incomes of teachers, police officers, military personnel and other government personnel can again rise in line with wage developments in the market. Compared to many other countries, our country's economic starting position remains strong. With a view to globally leading top sectors such as agriculture and food, logistics, the creative industry and water, there is certainly reason for optimism. At the same time, the economic recovery in our country is fragile and dependent on economic developments in the rest of the world, especially in important partner countries in the European Union. The government's main concern is and remains high unemployment, which directly affects many people and their families. That is the top priority for the government. People who lose or are at risk of losing their job are provided with as many resources as possible to stay in employment or find a new job. The government, together with the education sector, trade unions and companies, will continue to make efforts for training and guidance from work to work, and for more learn-work trajectories specifically for young people. An additional measure that may have an effect in the short term is expanding the possibilities to work temporarily or to follow promising technical training while retaining unemployment benefits. This so-called bridge unemployment benefit reduces the risks for employers when hiring employees and increases the chance of work for those who have been at home for a longer period of time. In addition, the right to childcare allowance is extended by three months to six months in the event of dismissal. This allows people to focus entirely on finding a new job for a longer period of time. The low VAT rate for construction will be extended until July 1, 2015, as an impulse for employment in construction. Stimulating and utilizing young talent is crucial for future economic growth. In recent years, the government has taken significant steps to improve the quality of education and teaching staff and to improve the connection between vocational education and the labor market. The reform of student grants and the introduction of the student loan will eventually release 1 billion euros for better higher education. This money is used, among other things, for more contact hours, more intensive supervision of students and the promotion of excellence. The public transport card will continue to exist and will be made available to all MBO students. In line with agreements made with the education sectors, the government is also investing extra in primary, secondary and vocational education. Working on craftsmanship is central to this, with a lot of attention for the teacher himself, but also, for example, by developing a contemporary master-apprentice system in MBO. To strengthen the innovative strength of our country, the government is setting up a 'future fund' for lending to innovative SMEs. The fund's returns are available for spending on fundamental and applied research. Delta technology is one of the innovative sectors in which our country is an international leader. The physical protection of our country against the water has a long tradition. The Delta Plan, which will be presented at the same time as the 2015 budget, will make our country safer and give the Dutch water sector a strong boost. Tackling unnecessary rules that hinder businesses and private individuals remains an important objective of government policy. In the new parliamentary year, a decision will be made on the Environment Act, which greatly simplifies and accelerates procedures for the construction of homes, offices and infrastructure. For the longer term, the government is working on a review of the tax system. The objective is twofold: substantial simplification and the promotion of employment. The latter can be done by lowering the taxes on labour. The aim of the government is that this will increase the job prospects of people at the bottom of the labor market and that everyone who finds work will really benefit. It is becoming more attractive for small entrepreneurs to hire people. The Netherlands is an export country and many foreign companies are located here. Domestic growth and jobs originate to a large extent abroad. The government therefore wants to strengthen the policy aimed at an attractive investment climate and active support for the exporting business community. The ambitious agenda with trade missions is being pursued vigorously. Export credits are becoming more focused on emerging economies and companies are getting easier access to these credits. In a European context, the government remains committed to strengthening the internal market and to budgetary discipline and measures to strengthen structure within the Member States. These are basic conditions for a strong European economy. Opportunities for economic growth include the digital market, the energy market and the ongoing negotiations on free trade agreements with the United States and other countries. European cooperation should focus on those areas where joint action adds real value. That is also the core of the strategic agenda for the next five years, which will serve as the basis for the work program for the new European Commission. It includes important cross-border themes such as the internal market, energy and climate policy and tackling organized crime, including cybercrime. Fair work in Europe requires equal pay for equal work in every Member State. The government is committed to this and will step up the fight against sham constructions. Members of the States General, This year we celebrate two hundred years of Prinsjesdag. In those two centuries, our country has always shown itself to be resilient and united when circumstances demanded it - again this summer. The government remains determined to work towards a vital and resilient society, economic recovery and job growth. The implemented reforms lay a foundation for the future of our country. Working on this assignment takes place in a turbulent and uncertain international environment and in the realization that freedom, security and prosperity are closely linked. Your work will also be marked by this in the new parliamentary year. You may feel supported by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Now that I may address you for the first time today on Budget Day, I would like to say that in your United Assembly on 30 April you initiated a heart-warming start to my reign. It is a day that I remember with great gratitude. That gratitude concerns first and foremost my mother. She has served the Kingdom and all its inhabitants, in good times and in bad, with great devotion to duty, warmth and deep concern for the Kingdom and all its inhabitants. She remains an important source of inspiration for me. The feelings of closeness that my family and I experienced after the death of my brother Friso was a great comfort to us. We are very grateful for that. On the day of the inauguration, the Netherlands presented itself to the world as a well-organized country, rich in talent. It was also a day of tangible unity and connection, between generations and population groups and between the different parts of the Kingdom. There is much in our society that justifies a healthy confidence in one's own abilities. It is good to be able to see this, just before the start of the celebration of two hundred years of the Kingdom. Members of the States General, The Netherlands has been struggling with the economic crisis for five years now. The consequences are becoming more and more tangible. Unemployment is rising, the number of bankruptcies is rising, houses are decreasing in value, pensions are under pressure and purchasing power is lagging behind. There are tentative signs that the end of the global crisis is in sight. This also creates prospects for recovery for our country. This does not alter the fact that the Dutch economy is struggling with a number of specific problems of a structural nature, including government and household debt and the financial position of banks. The government wants to strengthen the growth capacity of the Dutch economy. This lays the foundation for job creation and restoring trust in people and businesses. The necessary reforms take time and require perseverance. Due to social developments such as aging and internationalization, our labor market and our system of public facilities no longer fully meet the requirements of our time. The financial and economic crisis has made this all the more clear. The government is not only focusing on future affordability of facilities, but also on solidarity between generations and a balance between different income groups. The mutual involvement in our country has traditionally been strong. To ensure that this remains the case, we must recognize that public regulations and facilities must be adapted. It is undeniable that people in our current network and information society are more assertive and independent than in the past. Combined with the need to reduce the government deficit, As a result, the classical welfare state is slowly but surely changing into a participatory society. Everyone who can do this is asked to take responsibility for his or her own life and environment. When people shape their own future, they add value not only to their own lives, but also to society as a whole. In this way, the Dutch continue to build a strong country of self-confident people together. A country with a compact and powerful government that provides space and opportunities where possible and protects if necessary, so that no one gets caught between two stools. Every Dutch person should be given the opportunity to incorporate the changes that await us into their own life. The relationship between parliament and government will be dominated by a lot of legislation in the coming year. The government will submit proposals to you on the basis of the coalition agreement and its elaboration in agreements with social partners and other social parties. Crucial is and remains 'a prudent level of government debt', as the Central Planning Bureau mentioned earlier this year. At the moment, all Dutch people together - even at the current low interest rate - pay 11 billion euros a year in interest on government debt. If debt grows and interest rates rise, the interest burden will weigh more and more on economic growth, on the affordability of facilities and on people's incomes. Without intervention, the government deficit will remain too high. The government is therefore presenting you with additional measures totaling 6 billion euros. In 2014, the government will not pay out a wage adjustment for the last time. In health care agreements have been made to provide a larger part of the care via the general practitioner and to be stricter with regard to the provision of insured care. The government will make a proposal to combine various allowances and schemes into a single household allowance, which will decrease as the family income rises. In addition, the government is introducing measures that will stimulate the economy and employment in the short term. This gives people the opportunity to have severance payments placed in a separate company accelerated at a favorable tax rate. The gift tax exemption will be extended, making it easier for younger generations to invest in their own home. To increase access to credit, the government is making 125 million euros available in 2013. This allows small and medium-sized enterprises to invest in new activities. Entrepreneurs also have the option of accelerated tax depreciation of investments. The government will set up a Dutch investment institution - together with pension funds, insurers and banks. The aim of this institution is to link large investors to suitable investment projects in areas such as healthcare, energy, school buildings and infrastructure, in order to stimulate the economy. The government is making 600 million euros available to keep and get as many people as possible into work. As agreed in the Social Agreement, employers and employees will come up with sector plans for this. These are aimed at more jobs and internships for young people, retention of skilled workers and better guidance from job to job. To combat youth unemployment, the government works together with municipalities, social partners and educational institutions to get young people into employment and to increase their chances on the labor market. The Education Agreement aims to create 3000 extra jobs to help or keep young teachers in work. The Technology Pact ensures a better connection between education and the labor market and combats the shortage of technically trained professionals. The Energy Agreement stimulates sustainable economic growth and creates 15,000 extra jobs. The Environment and Planning Act simplifies and accelerates spatial procedures, without compromising the quality of the living environment. For the long term, the government is working on reforms that will strengthen the growth capacity of the Dutch economy and adapt our public facilities to today's requirements. The shift to a participatory society is particularly visible in social security and long-term care. The classical welfare state of the second half of the twentieth century has produced regulations in these areas that are untenable in their present form and no longer match people's expectations. In these times, people want to make their own choices, organize their own lives and be able to take care of each other. It fits in with this development to organize care and social facilities close to people and in a coherent way. To achieve this, the government is decentralizing government tasks in three areas. Firstly, the government recently presented you with a proposal for a new youth care system with effect from 2015. Children must grow up safely and be able to develop their talents, so that they can later participate in society according to their ability. The new system brings youth care close to the child through the municipalities. Municipalities in particular are able to provide tailor-made solutions based on the specific situation of the child who needs help, in consultation with other domains, such as housing, education, safety and sport. Secondly, in the coming parliamentary year, the government will present a proposal to fundamentally reform long-term care. This is necessary because the expenditure for this continues to rise explosively. These already amount to 2200 euros per Dutch person per year. Lighter forms of long-term care will soon be implemented by municipalities, who can better assess whether a stairlift or taxi allowance is necessary. Reimbursement of domestic help remains available to people who really need this help and cannot afford it themselves. Medical care such as nursing will soon be covered by regular health insurance. Thirdly, municipalities, together with social partners, will set up work companies to help people on welfare or with an occupational disability to find a job. Employers and the government jointly guarantee 125,000 additional jobs by 2026. If it turns out that this number is not achieved, companies will still be obliged to recruit a percentage of their staff from people with an occupational disability. You will receive the bill to that effect this autumn. In line with this, the Unemployment Insurance Act and dismissal law are also being modernised. The unemployment benefit will be given a more activating character. Social partners take the lead in job-to-job guidance, for example through training. The government limits the publicly funded part of the unemployment benefit to 24 months. Social partners take responsibility for a privately funded part of the unemployment benefit. This provides an extra incentive for employers and employees to invest in the quality of people. Employees who are at risk of being fired receive a training budget. Flex workers get more security and more protection. Dismissal law becomes fairer and simpler by prescribing one dismissal route for all employees. In the area of ​​the housing market, the government has already taken decisions, such as compulsory annuity repayments for new mortgages as a condition for the deduction of mortgage interest. As of 2014, the government wants to gradually reduce the maximum deduction for owner-occupied home to 38 percent. This will be done in 28 annual increments of half a percent. The proceeds of this measure will benefit people with a middle income through an extension of the third tax bracket. To reform the rental market, the government opts for income-related rent increases. The extra income from this is skimmed off from the housing associations by means of a landlord levy. With these domestic reforms, the government is preparing the Netherlands for the future. In addition, due to a growing international interconnectedness, attention must continue to be paid to developments beyond our national borders. Our open economy has brought us a lot, but also makes our country extra vulnerable in times of international crisis and stagnation. Cooperation with other countries, and certainly with those around us, is in the interest of the Netherlands. Recent years have shown how significant developments in the European Union are for the economic, social and political future of our country. The Netherlands must therefore play an active role in the European Union. A solid foundation under the euro is crucial. That is why the government is pushing for the establishment of a banking union. Sustainable deficits and strengthening the economic structure continue to demand attention. Opportunities to strengthen the competitiveness and growth capacity of the Member States lie in the European internal market. There are still too many obstacles in some areas. In addition, trade with countries outside the European Union can be boosted by concluding free trade agreements with the United States and Japan, among others. A spearhead for the government is the discussion about the tasks of the European Union. It is better for Member States to regulate a number of matters themselves, such as taxes, social security, pensions, healthcare and education. The government will take the lead in this and will enter into discussions about this with the other member states. The Netherlands also has a long tradition of international cooperation outside the European Union. This became visible recently during the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Peace Palace. Next year, our country will host the Nuclear Security Summit, where leaders from around the world will make agreements to counter nuclear terrorism. The recent violence and humanitarian emergency in Syria underline the need for an international rule of law with a strong emphasis on humanitarian law. Insecurity and instability in vulnerable regions affect our freedom, security and prosperity. This frseeks an armed force that is capable of performing its tasks and that can operate in the Netherlands and abroad to safeguard the interests of our country. In the memorandum 'In the interests of the Netherlands', the government indicates in concrete terms what the armed forces will look like and what adjustments are necessary for this. All over the world, Dutch men and women are active in protecting the international legal order. They deserve our great thanks and appreciation for their difficult work. With the 'new agenda for aid, trade and investment', the government is giving shape and substance to the objective of linking traditional forms of development aid with strengthening trade relations. It is a combination that offers mutual benefit. For example, the Dutch business community has a great deal of expertise in water management. With this we help countries in all parts of the world to solve their water problems. The constitutional relationship between the Netherlands and the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom changed in 2010. Since then, more and more attention has been paid to cooperation in the economic field. That is beneficial for all parties. It also contributes to the necessary financial independence and stability of the Caribbean islands, which I will soon visit all six together with Queen Máxima. Members of the States General, In order to maintain the strength and quality of our society, changes are necessary, which must be bearable for everyone. In the parliamentary year ahead, the government wants to work with full commitment on the task that follows, together with you. The issues you will be addressing are complex and far-reaching. You may feel supported in your difficult task by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. The budget presented to you today by the government relates to a special jubilee year in our national history. In 2013, the national celebration of 200 years of the Kingdom will start. After an extremely turbulent period in our country and everywhere else in Europe, the foundations were laid in 1813 for a new polity. Prince Willem Frederik, later King William I, issued a proclamation on his arrival in Scheveningen. In it he spoke not only about the regained freedom, but also about the great importance of restoring trade and prosperity. The dignitaries who shortly afterwards offered him the government, emphasized the resilience demanded of the entire society at the time. Two centuries later, and in a completely different social and political context, our country is again faced with a task that requires great resilience. The financial and economic crisis that has gripped the world since 2008 has also hit the Netherlands hard. Economic recovery does not follow automatically. The opening of this parliamentary year takes place during a period of cabinet formation. The outgoing status of the current cabinet makes it necessary to exercise restraint in making new proposals. At the same time, tackling the urgent problems we face in our own country and in Europe cannot be delayed. Global economic growth is lagging behind expectations. Partly due to the debt crisis in some countries within the eurozone, the economic crisis is deeper and more persistent than previously anticipated. The Netherlands, with its open and internationally oriented economy, is particularly affected by all of this. Large and small companies are affected by this. Although unemployment in our country is still relatively low compared to other countries, it is also rising here. It is especially worrisome when young people cannot find a job after their education. Under the current circumstances, it is understandable that people are concerned about their job, their pension, the value of their home and the future of their children. The government realizes that it requires important sacrifices from all Dutch people to restore public finances and safeguard future prosperity. Even if the economy and consumer confidence pick up again, it is realistic to assume that growth figures will be lower in the future than we were used to in the recent past. At the same time, we live in one of the most prosperous countries in the world, with a high level of amenities. It is good to be aware of this and from there to continue to work together on recovery with strength and confidence. Government policy focuses on sustainable public finances, but also on promoting entrepreneurship, investing in infrastructure and strengthening security, education and innovation. Major system changes have been made in several areas, such as the formation of the national police as of 1 January 2013. Measures are being implemented in education that enhance quality and make it more attractive for young people to opt for vocational training. Important steps have been taken in healthcare to achieve greater quality and cost control. The government has made agreements about this with hospitals, mental health institutions, medical specialists and general practitioners. Efficiency increases in central government operational management through better cooperation in areas such as information and communication technology, accommodation and personnel. When it took office in 2010, the government presented you with proposals for austerity and reform worth EUR 18 billion. At the beginning of 2012, substantial additional measures were required to keep the budget deficit manageable in 2013. The government is pleased that five parties were able to reach agreement this spring on a budget agreement that does justice to the seriousness and scope of the financial and economic problems facing our country. With this agreement, the parties involved enable the government to continue to contribute to financial soundness and growth-oriented reforms in 2013. The deficit will therefore be below the standard of three percent next year. This strengthens the confidence of the financial markets in our country and keeps interest charges manageable. From 1 January, the state pension age will gradually increase to 67 in 2023. An increase in the high VAT rate from 1 October and the zero line for civil servants' salaries will directly contribute to a lower budget deficit. The bank tax is doubled and excessive bonuses are heavily taxed. Due to changes in unemployment benefits and the law on dismissal, the labor market is becoming more flexible. The transfer tax on the housing market has now been structurally reduced. The budget presented to you today by the government also includes a proposal aimed at paying off mortgage debts. Important steps have been taken in Europe to promote stability in the currency union and to make the euro stronger for the future. The European Union can contribute much to the future growth of prosperity, well-being and employment for the inhabitants of all Member States. European cooperation, which has brought our country so much, is under pressure due to the debt crisis. A well-functioning internal market and a strong and stable currency are of key economic importance for all Member States. This is essential for the Netherlands, which earns a large part of its national income in Europe. That is why the government is committed to structurally improving the currency union and the internal market. The Netherlands has made proposals in these areas that have been followed up. Together with other countries, a two-track policy has been established of strict budgetary discipline and strengthening the European growth agenda. A European Commissioner is now specially charged with budgetary discipline and automatic sanctions will be imposed more quickly on countries that do not comply with the agreements. It is important that all Member States are bound by this. Countries will start to measure each other with regard to domestic reforms that are necessary for economic growth. Other concrete results relate to cheaper mobile data traffic and the arrival of a fast and affordable European system of patent protection. The latter is of great importance for innovative Dutch companies. The major issues surrounding the reduction of the national debt, the future of the euro, and the affordability of healthcare, good education and a just system of social services will not be solved overnight. Few in our country dispute the need to make public finances healthy and subsequently manageable. Many share the ideal of social cohesion and want to commit to it. In the government's view, this provides an important basis for a joint approach that is widely supported. The involvement of trade unions, employers' organizations and other social parties is indispensable in this regard. This also applies to provinces, municipalities and water boards. After all, the local authorities are also being asked to control the finances, while their role and range of tasks are increasing in importance. In the Caribbean part of the Kingdom, relatively small countries face major challenges. The economic crisis is also being felt there. The new political structures are still young. Transparency and sustainable public finances are of great importance for the population and trust in government. After the constitutional renewal of October 2010, the islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba invested in improvements in various areas. This applies, among other things, to hospital care, the quality of school buildings and teachers, and sewage treatment. Cooperation with other countries has long determined Dutch foreign policy. Its importance is increasing in this time of growing international interconnectedness in all areas. Economic diplomacy is now more than ever necessary to deal with the crisis. Joint action is also called for to strengthen human rights, combat poverty, tackle climate change and environmental problems. The Netherlands plays a leading role in the international coalition against piracy, partly in order to protect our own merchant navy. In the field of development cooperation, the government has opted for a policy in which strengthening the economic structure and self-reliance are an extension of each other. That is why the approach is concentrated on cooperation with a smaller number of partner countries and focused on areas where our country can contribute a great deal of knowledge and experience. This includes water management, agriculture and strengthening the rule of law. In this way, more concrete results are achieved for all parties involved. In the area of ​​peace and security, there remains an urgent need for the international community to act against injustice and insecurity. The dramatic events in Syria underline this once again. In Afghanistan and elsewhere in the world, more than a thousand Dutch men and women dedicate themselves every day to legal certainty and a dignified existence. They deserve our deep respect. Members of the States General, the Netherlands is a socially and economically strong country, built on a long tradition of international entrepreneurship, hard work and solidarity between population groups and generations. At decisive moments in our history, the Netherlands has shown the resilience that was already spoken of when the Kingdom was founded in 1813. Generations before us have proven that they can bridge differences in close consultation under difficult circumstances in the service of a sensible socio-economic policy. We can draw confidence from these examples for the future. The 2013 budget presented to you today by the government is based on the belief that financial soundness and economic growth are inextricably linked. Both are necessary for a good level of facilities for the benefit of future generations. The government will be happy to continue to exchange ideas openly and constructively with you, members of the States General. You may feel supported in your difficult task by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Our country is going through difficult economic times. In recent years, despite the crisis, massive unemployment and a sharp increase in the number of bankruptcies have been prevented. Our economy and labor market have shown resilience. We can draw confidence from this for the future. But trust alone is not enough. The starting position of the Netherlands is positive, but due to the collapse of world trade, economic growth will be lower than expected next year. The debt crisis in Europe could also affect our economy. Because the Netherlands is highly dependent on foreign trade, we are extra vulnerable. It is understandable that international developments and the speed with which they are taking place often evoke feelings of uncertainty. Based on the ambition to secure future prosperity, the government envisages an approach based on two interrelated choices: healthy public finances and strengthening economic growth capacity. This coherence underlies all the proposals that are presented to you for consideration this parliamentary year. The serious debt problems in some European countries show that large and prolonged deficits are a threat to prosperity. Control of public finances and a low government debt are therefore necessary. The year ahead will therefore be a year of far-reaching austerity measures that affect all Dutch people. However, the government is equally convinced that a sound budget must go hand in hand with reforms that strengthen the growth capacity of the Dutch economy. Based on this vision, the government wants to tackle the problems of today and create the opportunities for tomorrow. She does this in the firm conviction that the strength of the Netherlands lies in the more than 16 million inhabitants that our country has. This includes a small and powerful government that gives citizens and businesses more space. That is why the government is coming up with proposals to reduce the number of government regulations and simplify procedures, thereby stimulating creativity and innovation. Reducing bureaucracy offers people in public services more opportunities to develop their skills. A government that enables individuals to develop contributes to social cohesion. The government is pursuing an immigration and integration policy aimed at strengthening mutual involvement in society. This means that migrants are expected to support themselves and to be aware of the laws of our country and the values ​​that bind us. The austerity operation of 18 billion euros does not go unnoticed by anyone. Purchasing power will fall for almost everyone in the coming year. Numerous facilities are being cut back. The government's starting point is that people do not benefit from dependence. It therefore pursues a policy that encourages financial independence and social involvement. However, the government spares as much as possible those who are really unable to support themselves, for example due to illness or disability. When implementing the cutbacks, the government primarily looks at itself and the other governments. There are already fewer ministries and the number of civil servants and government buildings will decrease considerably in the coming years. The same trend is visible in the provinces and municipalities. In addition, proposals have been made to reduce the number of directors at all levels. Where possible and useful, the government transfers tasks to municipalities. Examples of this are youth care and the scheme for sheltered workshops. This makes it possible to respond better to individual needs and at the same time save money. The small and powerful government that the government envisions is essential for strengthening the growth capacity of the Netherlands. After all, in a society that encourages people and companies to get moving and get the best out of themselves, it is not a government that gets in the way, but a government that clears the way. This is done, for example, by actively bringing entrepreneurship and science together in ten top sectors, which have an excellent starting position on the global market. This applies, among other things, to our knowledge in the field of water, energy and the high-quality food and agriculture sector. This enables us to contribute to solving complex issues such as climate change and resource scarcity, while strengthening our economy at the same time. A well-functioning internal European market and a stable euro are essential for the economic objectives of government policy. In addition, people must be able to rely on the value of their savings and pensions. For this reason, the government has been forced to invest heavily in the stability of the Dutch banking and insurance sector in recent years. Now the government is demanding a contribution from this sector in the form of a bank tax from 2012. It goes without saying that future economic growth is closely linked to our ability to continue to learn. Good education is fundamental to the competitiveness of our country and gives people the opportunity to develop their talents. The government therefore wants to improve the quality of education. In primary and secondary education, teachers and students are encouraged to continue to develop and achieve higher performance. To this end, the requirements for teacher training are being tightened up and students are being tested on the basis of nationally applicable standards. In order to be able to additionally reward good performance, the results of schools and teachers must be transparent. Teachers should above all be able to focus on teaching in their field. The government is making proposals for this. The personal contribution will increase for students in higher education. The proceeds of this will be used to invest in better quality and more intensive educational programmes. The government makes agreements with universities and universities of applied sciences about concentrating study programmes, promoting excellence in research and a better connection to the labor market. The latter is also necessary in secondary vocational education, where craftsmanship should be more central. Good education is crucial to the strength of our society. The government is aware that this is a core task for the government. This also applies to facilities such as safety, care and social security. Structural reinforcements are also needed in these areas. Safety is pre-eminently a basic social need. The formation of a national police force is necessary in order to be able to act more vigorously against crime. The government focuses in particular on crimes that have a major impact on the victim and society. This applies, among other things, to child abuse, robberies at shops and street robbery. Organized crime is also being tackled more strongly, with the emphasis on combating human trafficking, drug crime and money laundering. The position of victims is improving, for example by making it possible to seize suspects' property at an early stage with a view to compensation. Solidarity between old and young, between healthy and sick, is central to the Dutch healthcare system. The government wants this to remain the case and will spend more than 15 billion euros more on healthcare during this cabinet term, despite the enormous cutbacks it faces. However, such an increase in expenditure is unsustainable in the long run. Without measures, premiums will become unaffordable and an irresponsible large part of scarce government resources will go to healthcare in the future. The government believes it is necessary to make the health care system more future-proof. For this reason, an agreement has been reached with hospitals, specialists and health insurers about payment per treatment delivered and about a lower growth in health care expenditure. It will also make it possible for insurers and hospitals to negotiate freely about a larger part of the healthcare offer. In the field of elderly care, the government is investing in further quality improvement. The rights of residents in care institutions are laid down in a new Act of Principles. Their wishes about the way in which they want to organize their lives in a dignified way are central to this act. The use of the personal budget is soaring that the government considers it irresponsible to continue this scheme in its current form. People with an indication to stay in a care institution retain the option of organizing their own care. It goes without saying that good quality care remains available for people without a residence permit. Measures are also needed in social security and old age provisions to maintain good basic facilities. The government wants to pursue a labor market policy in which the principle of 'work over benefits' applies. Given the fact that people are living longer on average, it is logical that we are all going to work longer. The government aims to discuss the bill to raise the state pension age with you during this parliamentary year. In addition, it remains necessary to promote cohesion between the AOW and supplementary pensions with the social partners. The government is giving municipalities more options to get people to work in a regular job and to use budgets for reintegration more effectively. That is why the current schemes for the Wajong Act, the sheltered workshops and the Work and Social Assistance Act are being merged into one new scheme 'Working according to ability'. Nothing will change for young people who have been declared fully and permanently incapacitated for work. This also applies to those who work in a sheltered workshop with the most severe indication. To maintain social support under our social system, the government will punish people who fraud with benefits more severely. The same applies to companies that do not comply with regulations for working conditions. The government is very aware of the open nature of the Dutch economy. The increasing international interdependence between people and countries and the shifts in global relations require an active attitude in the world. The economic interests of our country are very large worldwide. The government wants to place greater emphasis on this across the board in its foreign policy. It does this, for example, by promoting economic diplomacy and by paying more attention to the opportunities offered by our business community in the context of development cooperation. The Netherlands continues to meet its international obligations in the field of development cooperation. A major objective of foreign policy is to promote democratic values ​​and human rights, as well as stability and peace in the world. The Dutch men and women who are committed to this in Afghanistan and elsewhere in the world deserve our great support and appreciation. Members of the States General, The current economic situation calls for measures. The austerity package that the government is presenting to you is therefore extensive. The proposals affect the purchasing power of all Dutch people. The growing economic and social uncertainties are putting our resilience to the test. Nevertheless, there is reason for optimism, because the starting position of our country is and remains relatively good. The measures presented by the government are aimed at safeguarding our prosperity. The government is appealing to everyone to contribute to this. An appeal to build a stronger society and a stronger economy together during this difficult period, in the best traditions of our country. We are closely associated with the other countries of the Kingdom and with the Caribbean islands that have been part of our polity since last year. You, members of the States General, have a special responsibility in all of this. The government is looking forward to an intensive and open exchange of views and would like to work with you on broadly supported solutions. You may feel supported in your difficult task by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. If we want to be able to decisively shape the economic recovery, stable governance is required. Since the elections to the House of Representatives on 9 June, intensive work has been done on the establishment of a new cabinet. While the cabinet is being formed, the current cabinet is appropriate in making policy proposals for the coming year. The consequences of the financial and economic crisis will be felt for a long time and worldwide. A far-reaching package of cutbacks is now necessary to improve the position of our country in the long term. Measures for the years after 2011 will of course have to be prepared by a new cabinet. A condition for sustainable development and prosperity is a stable budget policy. Additional proposals to reduce the annual budget deficit are inevitable. The government has already deployed the necessary resources to stimulate the economy. This policy can no longer be continued unchanged. The government deficit has risen sharply as a result of falling tax revenues and the stimulus measures. Government debt and deficit are rising to levels that are unsustainable in the long run. Structural financial measures will have to be taken now. In order to reduce the high government deficits, the government is coming up with proposals that will improve the financial position of the national budget in due course. The conditions of the European Stability and Growth Pact, to which our country is bound, are also met. The government's choices are mainly motivated by the desire and the need to reduce the level of expenditure. Although unemployment has risen less high in the Netherlands than in the countries around us, the government remains committed to reducing it. In these difficult times it is important to provide guidance to all inhabitants of our country, with a policy aimed at preserving employment and strengthening the economy. In the long run, the labor market will be characterized by a declining labor supply as a result of the aging population. It remains necessary to take measures that increase labor force participation, improve the employability of workers and promote labor mobility. The Netherlands is largely dependent on the supply of goods and services to foreign countries for its prosperity. For the coming years, one must take into account strongly increasing competition on the export markets. Due to our relatively high level of wage costs, our country will have to continue to make efforts to withstand competition by providing innovative products and high-quality services. Responsible wage development is an important condition in this regard. A strong and stable financial sector is of particular importance for our society and our internationally operating business community. It is therefore essential that public confidence in the sector is restored. Internationally, steps have already been taken to tighten up supervision. For example, proposals are being prepared for better cooperation between supervisors and strengthening the reserve position of institutions. The Dutch financial sector itself has shown responsibility by drawing up the Banking Code. Legal anchoring of this forms a basis for restoring the relationship of trust with society with the help of stricter capital requirements and mandatory remuneration principles. A separate structure is being set up for the management of financial institutions that have been taken over by the State. The Dutch pension system is robust compared to the systems of other countries. But measures are necessary because rising life expectancy is putting pressure on pension benefits. In order to ensure a good pension for future generations after a working life, an increase in the retirement age is logical. Employers and employees have already expressed their willingness to cooperate in this regard. In addition, the economic crisis has serious consequences for the value of our pension assets. The government attaches great importance to compliance with existing regulations in order to restore confidence in the long term. It is not only financial and economic developments that are decisive for society. Social developments also have an impact on the quality of our society. Social cohesion was often taken for granted in Dutch society. In recent years, however, we have become aware that this is not the case. In the past, continuous efforts were already necessary to keep contradictions and differences of opinion in society manageable. This necessity has not diminished in our time. Providing a counterbalance is not only a task for the government, but also for citizens and the many social organizations in our country. A harmonious society is built on respect, tolerance and courtesy. This requires give and take, tolerance but also adaptation. This is the responsibility of all of us. Our increasing life expectancy is a great asset. At the same time, it presents society with new challenges. An adequate education system, high-quality healthcare, a liveable living environment and a safe society are facilities that require the necessary financial efforts. Quality and accessibility are key here. Quality improvement in education has always been a priority of government policy. Many steps still need to be taken on that road. In addition to acquiring knowledge, it is also important to connect with the business community and the labor market. In its concluding report, the Innovation Platform made proposals to increase the Netherlands' list of knowledge economies from tenth to the top five. Good education and research are part of the ambition to make our country a real knowledge country. In the budget submitted today, the government spares education. In addition, she appeals to the business community for a higher contribution for development and research. Healthcare in our country is of good quality. The accessibility of this is very broad for all Dutch people. On the other hand, partly due to the growing demand for care, costs have risen sharply in recent years. This is caused by ever-increasing technological improvements and increasing life expectancy. Measures to control costs will be taken, in order to further increase the efficiency of hospital care. In order to restore accessibility and confidence in the housing market, investments and mobility must be promoted. The government has taken measures to stimulate housing construction. This is necessary, because not only the population continues to grow, but also the number of households. There is still a great need for good and affordable housing, especially in the Randstad. In addition, attention must continue to be paid to the specific problems of shrinking areas. The government will improve mobility through an accelerated approach to infrastructure bottlenecks. A targeted approach will have to guarantee that the Netherlands is well protected against water. In addition, there must also be sufficient fresh water available, even in periods of drought. For years, the safety policy has been aimed at tackling nuisance and crime, but also at structurally improving the quality of the living environment in the neighbourhoods. The district-oriented approach remains a good instrument for working on this together with municipalities, citizens and housing associations. Youth policy is based on the experience that prevention pays. All children should be given equal opportunities to develop. School dropout must be combated effectively. Actively securing and protecting society and citizens from intimidation, discrimination and violence remains a high priority for the government. The Netherlands is the second largest exporter of agricultural and horticultural products. The innovative and sustainable character of our agricultural sector is highly regarded worldwide. Our country can make an important contribution to global food security by continuing to work on improving current technologies. The government creates preconditions for sustainable production methods. The financial and economic crisis has once again made clear how intertwined the Netherlands is with the world around us. It inspires confidence that Europe can act decisively in a difficult time. Europe is not only showing its added value in the financial and economic field. Important steps are also being taken in the field of sustainability. In the coming year, for example, a decision will be made in Europe about tightening up the emission standards for car traffic. In contacts with our partners and international organizations, the fight against poverty in the world, the sustainability of our planet, strengthening human rights and international peace and security. The efforts of the Netherlands during the recent G20 and European summits can be seen in that light. Stability, peace and good governance are served by cooperation within international organizations such as the European Union, NATO and the United Nations. A well-equipped security and defense organization contributes to this. The first task of our armed forces is to ensure the security of our own and allied territory. In addition, the Netherlands has also accepted the assignment to contribute to international peace missions and crisis management operations. We are deeply indebted to the men and women who have served in Afghanistan over the past eight years, especially in the province of Uruzgan, to help people build a better future. We would also like to express our thanks to those who are still responsible for the safe return of the last units and equipment. Deepest sympathy goes out to those injured in the course of their duties. We will continue to feel deep respect for those who gave their lives in fulfilling their mission. They - and their relatives - remain in our thoughts. We can all be proud of what has been done in Afghanistan under very difficult circumstances. Preparations have been made for the constitutional reforms within the Kingdom to take effect. The Netherlands Antilles will cease to exist as a country within the Kingdom. Curaçao and Sint Maarten each receive the status of country. The island territories of Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba will become part of the Dutch polity as a public entity. Curaçao and Sint Maarten can continue to count on government support in the field of law enforcement and good governance. Members of the States General, While waiting for a new cabinet to take office, you are preparing for proposals that will be submitted to you in many policy areas. The handling thereof will have to be decided in consultation with you. It is certain that a lot of attention and effort will be required from you in the weighty decisions that are necessary to face our economic and social problems. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Today's times call for determination and a willingness to change. The global financial and economic crisis has also hit the Netherlands hard. The speed with which events have unfolded in the past year has been exceptional. People are losing their jobs, the number of bankruptcies is increasing rapidly, wealth that has been built up over the years is shrinking and government finances are inevitably in large deficits. The effects will be felt for a long time to come. Moreover, slippages in the financial sector have eroded confidence in institutions and their managers. As a result of all this, many are uncertain about the future. The government's ambition is to turn uncertainties into recovery. The necessary changes offer prospects for an economically and socially strong Netherlands. We have much to offer each other and our country by holding together in solidarity to the tradition of freedom, responsible citizenship and an active European and international attitude. In the autumn of 2008, the government intervened vigorously in the financial sector in order to safeguard citizens' savings and corporate financing and prevent the collapse of the economy. Three billion euros will be invested in new construction and maintenance of schools, hospitals, homes and infrastructure and in energy saving. The government wants to stimulate the economy with this. Three billion euros will also be earmarked for the labor market and the business community, and for education and knowledge. Companies are supported with wider credit facilities and with part-time unemployment schemes. As a result, more employees will keep their jobs. Between 2008 and 2011, about eight billion euros extra will be spent on unemployment and social assistance benefits. The 2010 budget pays particular attention to the fight against youth unemployment. The government is also today submitting a proposal for a Crisis and Recovery Act, aimed at speeding up procedures for infrastructure projects. This provides a basis for more dynamism in the economy and thus for more employment. In the years when the Dutch economy is shrinking, government spending is not reduced. All these and other measures mitigate the short-term effects of the recession as much as possible. For the following years, this budget contains proposals that provide the basis for a recovery of public finances. The national debt has risen sharply and will not decrease on its own. The surplus of one percent of gross domestic product in last year's budget has turned into a deficit of more than six percent in 2010. The recession is leading to significantly lower tax payments by citizens and businesses. Even with an average economic growth of two percent, the national debt will continue to increase by about thirty-five billion euros per year. Although the economy appears to be improving cautiously next year, the challenges we face remain significant. If prosperity declines and government debt rises, moreover, it will become more difficult to bear the costs of an aging population and of the necessary transition to an economy that does full justice to the requirements of a good climate and environmental policy. If policy remains unchanged, serious and undesirable consequences will arise for the level of taxes and social contributions, for employment and for the affordability of provisions such as care, education and pensions. The government does not consider it responsible to pass these bills on to the young and future generations. Young people are now at risk of not finding work, later on they will also have to bear the burdens of an aging population during their working lives, and then no longer be able to count on good collective facilities. We must not let this happen! In this light, the government has already announced its intentions to raise the state pension age to 67, taking into account heavy occupations, to control the costs of care and to tax owners of houses with a value above 1 million euros more heavily. . Before the end of this year, you will be presented with a proposal for a National and Local Government Deficit Reduction Act, which the government hopes will come into effect on 1 January 2011. The law obliges the balance between expenditure and income to be improved annually. In the coming six months, the government will prepare fundamental reconsiderations in about twenty broad areas in the public sector. The 2010 Spring Memorandum offers the first opportunity to take measures. In order to contribute to the necessary recovery of government finances, research will be conducted into where social goals can be achieved with 20% savings. This should provide insight into financially responsible options for more effective implementation of public services for citizens, to better align policy with problems in society and to shape responsibilities between governments and citizens in a different and better way. The rethinking should also lead to a more targeted use of education, knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship to promote economic growth. In addition, it will be made clear how important sectors of the Dutch business community, such as water management and energy, agriculture and fisheries, climate and environment, can contribute to this. The purpose of the reconsiderations is to make fundamental choices with a view to an economically and socially strong Netherlands. Moderating wage developments contributes to more employment and a fair distribution of the burden of the economic recession between employed and unemployed, between the public sector and the private sector, between higher and lower incomes and between young and old. The government calls on the social partners for responsible wage development. If this does not happen, the government will take its own responsibility. The economic recession has also exposed moral flaws in the functioning of the market and society. The government has identified shortcomings in the financial sector in the Netherlands and abroad and translated them into proposals for stricter standards and better supervision. Binding agreements are made about limiting excessive remuneration and bonuses. In these difficult times, the government considers it important to continue to work on a society in which people feel connected, respect each other freely and bear responsibility together. Good upbringing and education are the foundation of responsible citizenship. Over the past two years, the government has taken measures to promote social cohesion, security, stability and respect. A persistent approach over a series of years is needed to achieve results. That is why the government will continue to pay special attention to youth and young people, to integration and to vulnerable neighborhoods in large cities. Lack of integration of some groups in society, indecent and disrespectful actions by many in public space and criminal behavior by groups of young people appear to be persistent and cause a lot of social dissatisfaction. The government therefore not only takes consistent action against offenders, but also tackles the causes of problematic behaviour. The cooperation of the judiciary, the police, municipalities, the probation service and youth care is essential for this. The government will promote social resilience in our country by giving citizens and organizations more space and by working closely with them. Good cooperation is also required with fellow authorities and the public sector. Trust in civil society organisations, democracy and the rule of law is of vital importance in this respect. An economically and socially strong Netherlands requires cooperation in Europe and an international orientation. The Netherlands has much to gain from a sustainable and open world economy. More than sixty percent of our employment depends directly on it. The Netherlands is committed to free and fair world trade and better supervision of the international financial sector. The recession is exacerbating the challenges all countries face together to fight poverty and tackle climate change. Nevertheless, our country will continue to make efforts to cooperate with the poorest countries and with countries with emerging economies, as well as for drastic reductions in the emission of harmful substances. The United Nations General Assembly, the G20 meeting in Pittsburgh and the climate conference in Copenhagen provide opportunities for this this year. The Netherlands has a lot to offer the world. We are committed to peace and security. Our country is committed to human rights, freedom, democracy and the rule of law. These values ​​have their origin in Europe. Especially now, European cooperation is and remains essential. The government is looking forward to the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. Our country will continue to assume its international responsibility in peace and security missions. The government has great appreciation for the military personnel who carry out these heavy tasks, such as in Afghanistan. We remember with respect those who lost their lives or were injured. The government will also continue to work within the Kingdom for healthy government finances and good public facilities. New constitutional relationships within the Kingdom should contribute to this. In the interest of citizens, all concerned will have to make an effort to bring about the new arrangements in the coming year. Members of the States General, Our country faces an exceptional, but by no means impossible task. With determination and a willingness to change, we can seize the opportunities for an economically and socially strong Netherlands. To this end, the government appeals to all Dutch citizens and everyone who lives in the Netherlands. We all have a responsibility, young and old, citizens and administrators, employees and employers. The government expresses the hope that everyone is aware of this and will act accordingly. You, members of the States General, bear the heavy responsibility of taking the initiative, together with the government. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. The Netherlands can confidently and confidently respond to the high demands currently placed on us. There are developments worldwide that concern people. Peace and security are under pressure in many places. Sustainable economic growth is not self-evident. In our own country, the quality of the daily living environment requires extra effort. Efforts are also needed to strengthen mutual respect. The government wants to work with all citizens to build a country that has confidence in itself and keeps its eyes on the future. Central to the budget proposals for 2009 are intensive international cooperation, optimal opportunities for sustainable economic growth and a living environment that offers people something to hold on to and trust. Peace and security require constant attention. We have traditionally contributed to peace missions and development cooperation. As an internationally oriented country, the Netherlands takes a responsible and constructive attitude. Even now, our country is continuing its efforts in the field of the international legal order, human rights, development cooperation and crisis management. In order to be able to carry out the safety tasks properly, investments are made in equipment and personnel. The presence of Dutch military personnel in Afghanistan and other conflict areas confirms that our solidarity transcends national borders. They deserve unwavering appreciation for the arduous task that they often perform at the risk of their own lives. We remember those who fell and their families. Fragile states have great difficulty in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. That is precisely why the government is investing extra in these countries. It also wants to promote freedom of expression, media diversity and freedom of religion in the world. More resources are therefore being added to the human rights fund. The European Union has brought freedom and security to our part of the world. The government will continue to strive for close European cooperation. It is gratifying that you, States General, have approved the Treaty of Lisbon. The government hopes that the Member States of the Union will follow up on the ratification in 2009. Cooperation in a European context is also crucial in achieving sustainable economic growth. The EU budget should increasingly focus on this. Sustainable economic growth is not self-evident. The global economy is facing setbacks. Everywhere, the demand for food and energy is increasing and prices are rising. The crisis on the financial markets is also slowing growth in our country. Thanks to the efforts of recent years, the Dutch economy is in relatively good shape. Unemployment is low. Purchasing power per household has increased by 12 percent on average since 2000. Our pension system and other social provisions are solid. However, caution is still required. The government wants to further strengthen these foundations by improving competitiveness, limiting inflation and increasing labor participation. The VAT is therefore not increased. This enables responsible development of wage costs and reduction of employee contributions on labour. In this way, the costs for citizens and businesses can fall in 2009. The government is also aiming for a budget surplus for next year. This offers scope to safeguard the quality of care and the financing of the AOW in the long term. However, this is not sufficient for a permanently high level of collective facilities. This requires more people to get started. Those who can, should participate. There are staff shortages in healthcare, education and other sectors. That is also why the government is very interested in increasing labor participation. Childcare remains attractive for parents who perform paid work. For people on benefits, working is made more financially attractive. Employers receive a subsidy if they hire the long-term unemployed. For young people up to the age of 27, there will be a suitable learning and work offer instead of a social assistance benefit. The scheme for young people with a disability will be adjusted, so that they will be guided to work sooner. Employees receive a bonus if they remain active in the labor market after their 62nd year. For people with a part-time job, it is extra wages to work more hours. Highly educated foreign employees can find work in our country more easily. Business and the financial sector are essential for a strong economy. The government is making more room for entrepreneurship. The tax exemption for profits in small and medium-sized enterprises will be extended. The rate in the lower bracket of the corporate income tax will be reduced. Deleting the first day notification is one of the measures that will reduce the administrative burden for entrepreneurs. Applying for permits is simplified. The government will also support promising companies in their further growth for a period of five years. Economic development is not possible without an adequate infrastructure. The government wants to increase the capacity of roads and railways. Building projects that focus on this need to be completed more quickly. The government will submit a proposal for a new Road Widening Emergency Act to Parliament. The burden will also be distributed more fairly among road users. In the future, owning a car will be taxed less and using it more. Next year, the government will take the first step towards this system. The tax on purchase is reduced; increased the motor vehicle tax. The cleaner the car, the cheaper car owners are out. To make train travel more attractive, new stations will be added and more trains will run. The Netherlands is now well protected against the water. But the expected rise in sea level requires a major multi-year effort. We also want our great-grandchildren to be able to live safely in the Netherlands. Next year, the government will present a proposal for a Delta Act that will lay the foundation for this. Strengthening the economic structure must go hand in hand with care for nature and the environment. Our dependence on fossil fuels must decrease significantly. That is why the government is promoting the use of geothermal energy and of solar and wind energy. Simpler procedures will also speed up the construction of wind farms in the North Sea. There will be a subsidy scheme for the purchase of heat pumps and solar boilers. In three years' time, half a million homes will be made more energy efficient. Dutch agriculture and horticulture are very innovative. This offers opportunities for sustainable development of these sectors. The government will encourage greenhouse horticulture to become a net energy supplier. The fishing industry deserves a stable future. People derive support and confidence from their daily living environment. The 2009 budget contains coherent proposals that improve the quality of the living environment. Citizens want to live in a safe and livable neighborhood with good schools for their children. They want space for relaxation and sport, for young and old. They expect humane care and care. They demand a government that is reliable and clear. Cooperation with citizens, municipalities and housing associations is therefore necessary. Respect, safety and trust are core values ​​in our constitutional state. Action must be taken against violations of standards. Well-supervised return to society is essential to prevent recidivism. Criminal addicts are more quickly accompanied with an urge for help. Aggressive or intimidating behavior on the street is unacceptable. Those who cause serious nuisance will be dealt with effectively with an area ban. Strong action will be taken against people who threaten police officers, ambulance personnel and other public servants. Clarity about what is and what is not permissible, strengthens trust between citizens and trust in government. Supervisors in neighborhoods and districts and on streets and squares increase the feeling of safety. In 2009 125 community police officers will be added. Municipalities are given the option to fine certain violations immediately. Citizens can also contribute to a safe living environment themselves. The government is committed to a greater role for volunteers in the fire service and police. Increasing the self-reliance of citizens and companies in the event of crises and disasters receives special attention. Most young people in the Netherlands are doing well. But there are also children who are in trouble. The government wants to give them better opportunities. In addition, the judiciary, police and youth care work closely together to correct undesirable behavior of young children in a timely manner. Here too, more attention is being paid to prevention. Parents are held accountable for the behavior of their children. In order to provide appropriate help more quickly, the Referral Index for Young People at Risk is introduced. The establishment of Youth and Family Centers and Safety Houses also contribute to this. Schooling and education increase people's chances. The government is working hard to improve education. In particular, it wants to increase basic skills in language and arithmetic and reduce the number of weak schools. Tackling early school leaving also remains a priority. Special vocational schools will be set up for pre-vocational secondary education students who mainly have craft gifts. Education is only as good as the teacher in front of the class. To strengthen the position of teachers, they receive more training opportunities and better pay. The government wants to stimulate a flourishing art and culture and introduce all young people to it at an early stage. In 2009 children up to the age of 12 will have free access to museums. Young people up to the age of 18 can get acquainted with the inspiring wealth of our country with a culture card. Good health and exercise are closely related. The government is therefore investing extra in the possibilities of sport for young people and people with disabilities. To better support talented athletes, Centers for Top Sport and Education will be established. In all this, the Olympic Plan 2028 can be a source of inspiration that strengthens both recreational sport and the top sport climate. The quality of life of citizens is increased by good and accessible care. The government wants to organize care in such a way that people with a chronic condition receive it close to home. Patients gain more insight into the quality that is offered. Introduction of the electronic patient record reduces the number of medical errors. Freer pricing and innovation are needed to shorten waiting lists and to keep healthcare good and affordable. In 2009 the government will take further steps in this direction. People who experience serious limitations due to illness or old age are given more freedom of choice in the long-term care they need. Necessary care can also be provided at home, so that the elderly can continue to live in their familiar environment for longer. Our country derives strength from the democratic constitutional state that offers citizens protection and support. We defend equality, freedom, solidarity, democracy and the principles of the rule of law at home and abroad. Together we bear responsibility for this. The government supports the establishment of a House of Democracy and the Rule of Law. There will be a code for 'good governance', which clearly states what citizens can expect from governments. In addition, a state committee will be set up to examine, among other things, the options available to make the Constitution more accessible. There will be a Charter of Responsible Citizenship. All inhabitants of our country must remain convinced of the democratic values ​​and responsibilities that form the foundation of Dutch society. Good language proficiency is a basic condition for being able to participate in our society. The government is increasing the possibilities for recruiting language coaches. The commitment of native Dutch people to help migrants to learn the Dutch language is invaluable. In the relations within our Kingdom, democratic principles such as those of legal certainty, sound governance and mutual respect are also paramount. In December, the government hopes to take an important step with the national and island governments towards the implementation of the agreements on the constitutional changes of the Netherlands Antilles. Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba will become part of the Netherlands as a public body. This status change is in preparation. Members of the States General, With the measures that the government is planning for 2009, it wants to increase the self-awareness of our country and strengthen the foundations of our economy and our society. The government realizes that it cannot do this alone. Everyone will have to contribute to this on the basis of their own responsibility. We need the commitment of all - citizens, employers, employees, governments and our European and international partners. Only together can we work for a good future. Together we make the Netherlands stronger. You, members of the States General, bear a great responsibility in this regard. The government is looking forward to good cooperation. You may feel supported in your task by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Our country has much that gives hope and confidence. The economic outlook is favourable. Entrepreneurs and consumers are optimistic. Young people quickly find a job. There are also promising developments outside the economy. More and more people want to work for each other and for a better living environment. Right now there are good opportunities to take measures that make our country stronger. It is necessary to make full use of those possibilities. Our country faces significant challenges. We know that the average age of our population is increasing. Companies and public sectors such as healthcare and education are faced with a shortage of manpower. This poses the question of how to safeguard our well-being and prosperity in the future. The growth of the economy will also have to be realized in a more sustainable way. Too many people feel unsafe. Preventing and combating terrorism, crime and violence continue to demand full attention. Dutch society is changing rapidly and the population is becoming more diverse. People sometimes feel insecure and look for support and security. Those feelings can be profound. That is why extra effort is needed to increase cohesion in our country and to strengthen tolerance and mutual respect. Changes can be a source of strength. In the past, innovation has brought us progress. It is precisely our ability to change and innovate that gives us the dynamism that is indispensable to respond to the challenges of the future. The government is making a contribution to this with its 2008 budget. The budget for next year shows a surplus. The government expects that this will also be the case in the years after 2008. This is how we save for the future. To promote a cleaner and more economical economy, the government is raising taxes on consumption and activities that are unfriendly to the environment. The government intends to use the proceeds to lower the taxes on labour. That helps more people to work. All these measures together mean that for many, purchasing power will not increase in 2008. Those with a lower income are spared as much as possible. A larger contribution is required from higher incomes. Over the coming years, the government expects that its policy will not increase the burden on citizens and businesses and that purchasing power will increase. The 2008 budget foresees additional expenditure of almost three billion euros. These intensifications are based on the policy program that the government has drawn up for the next four years. This policy is based on six pillars for which concrete objectives, programs and projects are indicated in the policy programme. Every year, the government completes the corresponding measures, starting with the budget it submits today. The first pillar is an active international role. The Netherlands wants to remain a relevant and constructive partner in the world and in Europe. Where the Netherlands is committed to peace operations, our armed forces fulfill a responsible task. The government will submit further proposals on our contribution to the international mission in Afghanistan. Dutch soldiers do their heavy work with courage and perseverance. We all share the sorrow of those who have lost a loved one in a mission. Military resources alone are not enough to give people in conflict zones a better future. The government's policy combines military deployment with diplomacy and development cooperation. Human rights are not respected in many places in the world. The Netherlands will use its membership of the United Nations Human Rights Council to promote the protection of these rights. Our country remains committed to the fight against poverty. The government is working with citizens, businesses and civil society organizations to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Extra money is being earmarked to promote the use of sustainable energy in developing countries. The government welcomes the amendments to the European Treaties agreed by the European Council in Brussels a few months ago. These changes make the European Union stronger, more democratic and more transparent. National parliaments are given a stronger role. The amended treaties are expected to be signed by the member states this year, after which the government will submit them for approval to both Houses of the States General. The second pillar of the policy is an entrepreneurial and innovative economy. The growth of our economy is not self-evident. Knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship are the building blocks for an ambitious future. It is entrepreneurs in small and large companies who create employment and growth. The government is making it easier to start and build a business by further reducing the administrative burden. Starting and growing entrepreneurs can get support with loans. Entrepreneurs in agriculture and horticulture who start working more innovatively can count on a guarantee provision. The government will make proposals to make all these schemes more accessible. Innovation is an important condition for maintaining our prosperity. That is why three innovation programs will be launched in 2008 in areas of major social significance: energy, water and care. To keep the Netherlands attractive for international companies and for groundbreaking research, the government is making it easier for talented foreigners to come and work or study in our country. At the universities, the best scientists are given priority in the distribution of research funding. An enterprising country needs good connections. Ten projects will be completed in 2008 that aim to reduce the number of traffic jams on the road. The government will start next year with preparations to tax the use of the car more and owning less. Next autumn, she will present a plan to further stimulate the use of public transport. There will be new trials with free public transport. A sustainable living environment is the third pillar of the policy. The government has set the goal that the Dutch energy system will be among the cleanest and most efficient in Europe by 2020. To achieve this, the government is presenting you today with a program of concrete measures. Central to this are, among other things: energy saving, the application of innovative energy techniques and the further development of wind and solar energy. A sustainable Netherlands is also: a Netherlands with beautiful nature, a vital countryside and a population that lives with water. The government will place restrictions on building in the open space in order to improve the landscape. In the coming year, together with the provinces and municipalities, it will determine a national strategy that will enable the Netherlands to cope with the rise in sea level as a result of climate change. The fourth pillar of government policy is social cohesion. Every person counts and every person is needed. The government has made agreements with employers' and employees' organizations to help 200,000 long-term unemployed people find a job in companies. In that regard, it will make proposals to regulate training, temporary employment and the termination of the employment contract in mutual coherence. The government also supports participation with lower costs and with the introduction of the learning-work obligation for young people up to the age of 27. A social internship will be introduced for students in secondary education. People who are committed to others and want to be active in their environment are supported by the government with investments in organizations of volunteers and informal carers. The government wants to ensure affordability and quality of care for everyone. To this end, efficiency must be promoted. The government proposes to abolish the no-claims in health insurance in 2008. Here comes a deductible. The government will also pay special attention to the quality of care, especially in nursing and care homes. The basic health insurance package will be expanded next year. A healthy lifestyle is very important. That is why the government will give sports and sports associations a financial boost. Social cohesion largely takes shape in family, school and neighbourhood. Together with municipalities, the government wants to promote the establishment of Centers for Youth and Family. These are accessible to all parents with parenting problems. The government wants to offer more support to families with lower incomes and larger families by introducing a child-related budget in 2008, in addition to child benefits, which will be income-related. School is the springboard to success in life. In the coming years, education must improve and the teaching profession must become more attractive. In consultation with the professionals in education, measures will be taken to improve language and math lessons. The government is seeking agreements with housing corporations and municipalities to invest extra in forty neighborhoods with many problems. The aim is not only to make a neighborhood more beautiful, but also to give the people who live there better opportunities to participate fully in society. The quality of integration can and must be improved. Moreover, it is necessary to reach more people. To this end, the government has submitted a Delta Plan for Civic Integration to you. Safety and respect are the fifth pillar of the policy. They are a precondition for trust between people. The government has made agreements with the regional police forces about increasing security in the neighborhoods and combating juvenile crime and violence. Much aggression stems from alcohol abuse. The government is taking measures to combat excessive drinking among young people. There will also be campuses for young people who go off the rails if they do not receive solid guidance. Combating crime via the Internet and fraud will receive more attention in 2008. The modernization of the prison system will be introduced gradually from next year. With a person-centred approach, the government wants to prevent people from making mistakes again and again. The sixth pillar is an effective and subservient government that is an ally of citizens. The government is working on a renewal of the civil service. She will offer you the program for this shortly. The government has made agreements with municipalities and provinces about a proper division of tasks in the provision of services. The ten biggest bottlenecks experienced by citizens will be tackled for the first time in 2008. For example, fewer activities will require a permit and waiting times will be reduced, partly through better use of the internet. To lay the foundation for new relations between government, semi-public institutions and citizens, the government will submit a bill to introduce the legal form 'social enterprise'. Art and culture are accessible to a wide audience. The new Cultural Participation program fund will support this. The government's policy is based on these six pillars. Together they provide perspective on growth, sustainability, respect and solidarity. In this way we can continue to respond to changes in the future and we can preserve and strengthen what is dear to us. A process of change is also taking place within the Kingdom. The political relations are being revised. The agreed changes will be laid down in proposals for national regulations next year. It is gratifying that all island territories of the Netherlands Antilles have joined this process. As important as government policy is, a society is formed by citizens. The government wants to work with all residents on a Netherlands in which everyone can feel safe, trusted and connected to each other. Mutual respect between people and respect for the Dutch legal order are necessary conditions for this. Our Constitution is based on equality before the law of all citizens, on freedom of religion or belief and freedom of expression. These rights require responsibility and tolerance from all of us. Our strength lies in working and living together. Members of the States General, you represent the great and rich diversity that our country has. You bear a great responsibility. The government is looking forward to a good cooperation. You may feel supported in your task by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. This year, your United Assembly will take place in a newly furnished Knight's Hall. This historic space is a symbol of our democratic constitutional state. Elections for a new House of Representatives will be held on November 22. The government is aware that this requires care when submitting the budget for 2007. It is equally responsible for a budget that builds a solid bridge to the coming years. As a strong, prosperous and free country, we have an important international responsibility. Conflicts and needs in the world require an active attitude from the Netherlands. Together with other countries, we are the bearers of the international legal order. In Afghanistan, Sudan, In Bosnia, Iraq, Congo and elsewhere, Dutch men and women stand in the gap for order, security and reconstruction. The Dutch soldiers are well prepared for their task and fulfill it with full commitment and conviction in a dangerous environment. They know that they are supported by us. Our thoughts go out to those who have lost a loved one in these missions. The fate of the world is our fate. We continue to fight against poverty and disease and for a better environment. The Netherlands contributes to ensuring that more people in developing countries have access to clean water, sustainable energy, medicines and good education. Citizens, companies and organizations are increasingly involved in these tasks. Our country wants to play a positive role in the world by working closely with others. Just in a time of tension, in the shadow of a terrorist threat, it is important to show through actions that there are alternatives to violence and injustice. The Netherlands wants to be a country that creatively searches for new solutions. The European Union also provides a framework for solving problems and settling disputes. In the Union, the government gives its full attention to questions that affect people's daily lives. For our security, our prosperity, the protection of the environment and the long-term energy supply, we need each other as Europeans. Working on this takes priority over discussions about the structure of the European Union. When discussing future relations within the Kingdom, we are faced with a joint task. This requires a great effort from all of us. The government is committed to ensuring that these discussions lead to fruitful results. I myself am very much looking forward to visiting the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom soon. The Netherlands is a country that takes responsibility in the world. There is also responsibility close to home, in care and attention for each other. The government wants to promote that all people in the Netherlands can develop and participate in and contribute to society. Everyone's qualities must be allowed to develop. Education that inspires is a prerequisite for this. The government pays special attention to the expansion of internship opportunities and combinations of learning and working. People who work in education need more space to better respond to the needs of students. To this end, the administrative burden on schools will be reduced by more than a quarter next year. Schools that function well are faced with less inspection supervision. A major problem is that many young people do not finish school. A growing group of children also have problems in the family or in the social environment. We must not abandon these young people to their fate. As of 1 January 2007, compulsory education will therefore apply to everyone up to the age of 18 who is not yet sufficiently qualified for the labor market. Reluctant youngsters will be accompanied. Youth care institutions will work better together and will receive financial support to get rid of the waiting lists this year. Family guardians are also better equipped to provide effective guidance to young people. Research shows that crime is falling. People feel safer. In order to accelerate this favorable development, the government is making extra resources available for the police and social security in the major cities. Efforts will continue to be needed in the coming years to tackle organized crime in particular. Everyone in our country should be able to participate to the best of their ability, regardless of age and health. With this aim in mind, the Social Support Act will come into effect on 1 January 2007. People who need home care or aids can now go close to home. Their congregation provides help that matches their needs and life situation. The quality of nursing homes will be further improved, and thanks in part to additional resources, waiting lists in home care will no longer be necessary. The valuable work of informal carers will receive additional support from 2007 onwards. We depend on each other for our happiness and well-being. Attention for others, respect for other people's input and conviction, these are the foundations of a lively neighbourhood, a thriving city, a strong country. It is gratifying that initiatives are being developed in many municipalities to strengthen the bond between people. The government supports citizens and organizations that work in their own circles for a better understanding between groups in society. In order to understand each other, we must be able to understand each other. Language skills therefore play a central role in the Civic Integration Newcomers Act. Next year, all new Dutch citizens will be welcomed in a naturalization meeting in all municipalities. The government is committed to preserving and making accessible the cultural riches available to our country. For example, the Rijksmuseum is being renovated and it has been decided to establish a national history museum. Culture connects and enriches. In addition to our efforts in the world and our commitment to each other, there is another responsibility that rests on all of us: the responsibility for the future. Future generations should also be given the opportunity to build up a good life in the Netherlands. A lot has been asked of citizens in recent difficult years. With a view to the future, the government has had to take drastic measures and implement necessary innovations in a timely manner. Employees, employers and the government have contributed together to ensure that our country can now respond effectively to the favorable development of the international economy. Our country is strong. the Netherlands works. Dutch entrepreneurs are active worldwide. In business, education, healthcare and many other sectors are working on innovation. Our country is competitive again. This can be clearly seen in the growth in employment. Thanks to more jobs and lower taxes, people have more to spend. As the economy grows, emissions of harmful substances into the air have been reduced. To further improve air quality, the government is encouraging the use of cleaner cars. In recent years, a solid foundation has been laid on which to build in the future. The 2007 budget is in balance. The administrative burden will be reduced by a quarter next year compared to 2002. Entrepreneurs notice this from more flexible rules for working hours and working conditions. In addition, the government is making it easier for parents to combine a job with caring for their children. Childcare will become cheaper and simpler for working parents, because all employers will from now on pay for it. Schools will also be responsible for organizing childcare before and after class times. A social and solid health care system has been introduced that contributes to the quality and affordability of health care in the future. The options have been expanded. Insurers must accept everyone at the same premium, regardless of health situation. Children are co-insured free of charge. Important reforms have also been achieved in social security and the labor market. This means that more and more people are working and that fewer and fewer people are claiming benefits. For the first time, the number of benefits has fallen for unemployment, incapacity for work and social assistance. All these measures create the conditions for preserving the state pension and other collective provisions for future generations. The Netherlands is also better prepared for the future thanks to spatial innovations and investments in infrastructure. Many concrete results will become visible in 2007. Citizens, companies and governments have been given more space to shape their own environment. Significantly more new homes are becoming available. Urban renewal is beginning to bear fruit. Backlogs in the maintenance of waterways, roads and railways will be eliminated. The High-Speed ​​Line South and the Betuwe Line will be put into operation, improving connections with our neighboring countries. It is of the utmost importance to protect the Dutch delta against the dangers of high water. The weak links in the flood defenses are being tackled in collaboration with provinces and water boards. The care for nature is further shaped in the conservation and development of national parks and landscapes. The government supports the ambition of the agricultural sector to remain a leader in innovation and is committed to vulnerable fisheries. With lower costs for households and companies and investments in the quality of society, the government wants to further strengthen the foundation for the future. Entrepreneurship and innovation are made more rewarding. The Working on Profit bill aims to make an important contribution to this. Together with employers and employees, the government wants to make every effort to maintain the favorable starting position in which our country now finds itself. In this way, 2007 will be a year in which the Netherlands continues to build on a good future. Members of the States General, In two months' time, the Dutch people aged eighteen and older will elect a new House of Representatives. Free elections are essential to our democracy. They are the expression of our individual freedom. But they are equally important for the collective responsibility we have for the world around us, for each other and for our future. You, members of the States General, have an important task. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Here, in this room, symbol of our democracy, you welcomed me and my family in a very festive way on April 30, at the start of my jubilee in government. You have thus set the tone for a heartwarming celebration that has its own resonance in every province and in the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. My big thanks go to all those who welcome me everywhere this year with enthusiasm. All this gives me the strength to fulfill the beautiful office that has been entrusted to me and to put it at the service of unity in our society. The strength of the Netherlands has always been in the way in which we manage to respond to changing circumstances together. Our adaptability is being called upon to a great extent at this time. We experience how much the world is in motion. Changes seem to be happening faster and faster. young, dynamic economies are emerging. The European Union has been enlarged by ten Member States. Integration of population groups in our own country is not without problems. We are deeply confronted with the consequences of climate change. The threat of international terrorism is increasingly felt. These developments have left people with big questions. All these changes lead to feelings of insecurity. The disappointing economic development of recent years has exacerbated this uncertainty. It is true that most people are satisfied with their living situation, but many are increasingly concerned about society. Trust in government has fallen. This does not leave the government untouched. The government is expected to provide answers to all of this. One of its most important tasks for the future is to build a safe and socially and economically healthy Netherlands. To this end, the government has taken a large number of far-reaching measures in a short period of time. Labor costs are moderate. Early retirement is no longer encouraged. Changes in social security support the re-entry of jobless and partially disabled people into the labor market. In order to secure good and affordable healthcare for the future, the healthcare system is being renewed. These surgeries sure hurt. The government realizes that a lot is being asked of people. But these and other measures are necessary in order to offer future generations in our country sufficient opportunities to build up a good life. The first results of the policy are slowly becoming noticeable. Employment is recovering and corporate profitability is increasing. There are also positive developments in the field of safety and public health. Crime is falling. People feel less unsafe. The waiting lists in healthcare are getting shorter. Solid solutions take time. The government expects that the effect of many interventions will become more apparent in the coming years. It now wants to give priority to the careful implementation of the agreed measures. These should lead to noticeable improvements in everyday practice and a new equilibrium in our society. Our interdependence with the world around us is great. Developments beyond our borders affect our economy and our security. We owe a large part of our prosperity to international trade. We notice the increasing importance of Asia for international and economic relations. Migration flows have been a determining factor for our population composition and culture for centuries. This interconnectedness entails the need for continued cooperation at European and global level. The future of our country is closely linked to Europe. Here we share the values ​​of freedom, democracy and human rights. Both our prosperity and our security depend to a large extent on European cooperation. The outcome of the referendum on a new treaty for the European Union has underlined the need to reflect on what the Union has brought us and what we expect from European cooperation. Citizens must be able to feel more involved in this cooperation than before. The government will work with you to achieve this. Solidarity with fellow human beings does not stop at Europe's borders. In the Dutch view, sustainable development is not possible without promoting stability and justice. No country in the world can achieve results on its own. The role of the United Nations and good transatlantic relations therefore remain essential. Our country continues to contribute generously to the fight against poverty, the preservation of ecosystems and to international crisis management operations. In reconstruction in Afghanistan and in Africa, military efforts and development aid are optimally coordinated. Thanks to the involvement and commitment of all within the armed forces, our defense organization is adapted to the requirements of our time in a short time. The government will devote its full attention to cooperation with the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba in the areas of law enforcement, improving governance and restoring public finances. On this basis, a responsible new balance will be sought in relations within the Kingdom. In the domestic field, the government is faced with four central tasks: a safer Netherlands; more people at work; fewer rules and more quality of public facilities; and more mutual respect in our society. The budget for the coming year contains proposals that aim to take further steps in this direction. Concern for safety is a cornerstone of the proper functioning of our society and our constitutional state. The implementation of the safety program is continuing vigorously. The government will strengthen cooperation between ministries and between the police, justice and security services, and aims to transform the Dutch police into a single organisation. A bill has been submitted to enable special investigative methods to be deployed more quickly to combat possible terrorist activities more effectively. Violence, drug trafficking, nuisance and degradation are being tackled more firmly. The capacity for the detention of repeat offenders and detainees will be expanded. The police, the Public Prosecution Service and the judiciary will handle cases quickly and carefully. A safer Netherlands requires citizens and organizations to feel jointly responsible for this. The government aims to get more people into work. It is therefore important to strengthen and modernize the economic base of our country, to promote innovation and knowledge exchange and to ensure sufficient flexibility on the labor market. The security of a job for life decreases. In the future, people will change jobs more often. That requires an investment in personal skills at every level. Extra resources will therefore be made available for education and knowledge. Employees are also given more opportunities to combine work, care responsibilities and training. From 1 January 2006, the life-course savings scheme offers them the opportunity to save for interim leave. Families with children receive special attention. Extra money will be made available for childcare. Controlling the burden on citizens and businesses gives the economy room for further recovery. Investments in infrastructure and mobility contribute to a strong and modern economy. The liveability of cities is promoted by refurbishing old neighborhoods and building new homes. In our densely populated and water-rich country, special attention is needed for a healthy and safe living environment. Improving air quality, cleaner transport, sustainable energy and the development of landscape and nature are paramount. Our coastal and dune areas will also be strengthened. Reducing the number of rules creates room for people's talents and professionalism. This makes our economy more dynamic and contributes to the quality of our public facilities. The government wants to create a stimulating climate for entrepreneurs in the service sector, industry and agricultural sectors. Corporate tax will be further reduced. Administrative burdens for businesses will be significantly reduced by the end of next year. Obtaining permits becomes easier. Professionals in education and care need more freedom to fill in their work as they see fit. Regulatory pressure will decrease in education, giving teachers, school leaders, parents and students the freedom to make their own choices. It is not the procedures but the students that should be central. Teacher training will be improved, which will further improve the quality of education. The government is making extra resources available for the development of community schools and for practical classrooms in VMBO. Quality and better service are also paramount in healthcare. From 1 January there will be one basic health insurance for everyone. The distinction between health insurance and private insurance is disappearing. Insurers will no longer select their customers based on their health situation. In order to ensure that this insurance remains affordable for everyone, households that need it are eligible for a healthcare allowance. In addition, in 2006 the government will make extra resources available for nursing homes and youth care. Better quality of public services is also a matter for municipalities, provinces and water boards. That is why the government attaches great importance to good cooperation with fellow authorities. Our country has a great diversity of people and views. The right of all people and of all organizations to their own identity is the foundation of our constitutional state. That right is based on the conviction that we must respect the other. There is no room for discrimination, extremism and violence. Cooperation, understanding and knowledge of our history and culture are binding forces in our society. In addition to rights, obligations will also have to be recognised. In order to promote a tolerant society, the government will continue to give full attention to social cohesion. Civic integration and integration policies will be continued and radicalization will be tackled. Culture, art and sport enrich life and strengthen social ties. The government is committed to preserving the national heritage and will allocate additional resources for sports. The government will also submit further proposals to you to strengthen the relationship between voter and elected representative. Members of the States General, Twenty-five years ago, in 1980, my mother said in her farewell speech to all Dutch people: "The beauty of my task is to be allowed to serve the common good; to be a resting point in the midst of the whirl of all movements; to help strive for that society in which one has respect for what moves another, for a good coexistence in all diversity." Those words are of undiminished importance in our time and in the years ahead. As representatives of the people, you are the representatives of the great and rich diversity that our country has. The government is counting on fruitful consultations with you. You have a responsible and arduous task. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. Trust gives a society resilience and decisiveness. In the Netherlands, citizens and social organizations have proven over the years that they can cope with major changes in the world and in our own society. Even now, political, economic and social developments are occurring that affect us directly. That is why the government presented an ambitious reform agenda last year aimed at a stronger economy, a safer society, a more effective government and a well-functioning democracy. These reforms will be fully implemented in 2005. Supported by the incipient recovery of our economy, this creates renewed confidence and new perspectives. A strong economy is essential for employment and prosperity. With an aging society, pensions, healthcare and other public services must be provided by a smaller working population. This puts solidarity to the test. Rapid technological developments place new demands on companies and their employees. The world economy is growing at a rapid pace. Dutch growth, however, is lagging behind. This requires companies and employees to adopt a future-oriented attitude and a reinforcement of the Dutch economic structure. The government therefore considers it necessary to moderate wage costs, increase labor participation and stimulate productivity. In view of the necessary moderation, wages in the public sector and benefits, except for the AOW, cannot be increased in 2004 and 2005. The government is calling on employers and employees in the market sector to follow this moderation in the interests of employment and solidary income development. The government will not be able to take responsibility for obliging employers to implement wage increases. Restoring confidence in the economy will also require a contribution from everyone in the coming year. However, the government wants to spare the most vulnerable groups in society as much as possible. The state pension and tax allowances for the elderly and families with children will therefore be increased. To promote labor market participation, people have to return to the labor process and work longer. The new Work and Social Assistance Act has now been introduced and is yielding good results. The government will also propose a new disability insurance scheme in which the fitness for work and reintegration of employees are central. In the unemployment schemes, incentives to participate in professional work should be paramount. Facilities aimed at training will not be affected. Severance payments and non-statutory benefits will not be deducted from the unemployment benefit. In order to promote economic growth and ensure sufficient labor supply in the future, the government wants to encourage longer working hours. Whether people end up working longer or shorter hours, however, remains their personal choice. The government will make proposals to end the early retirement tax benefits on January 1, 2006. She realizes that this creates uncertainties among older employees. The proposals therefore contain good transitional arrangements. The government also wants to introduce the life-course savings scheme in 2006, with which employees can save for care, work, training and leave. All this achieves a balance between the necessary increase in labor participation, sparing older workers and controlling the burden on younger workers in the future. Education, research, knowledge and innovation are essential for the productivity of the Dutch economy. Education will be stripped of superfluous rules so that schools and universities have more room for initiative and improvement of quality. Higher education institutions are allowed to experiment with selection upon admission and with differentiation of tuition fees. Schools receive extra resources for science and technology subjects. The Innovation Platform has made proposals for a better conversion of knowledge into products and services. The government is adopting practical advice from the Innovation Platform, such as simplified admission of highly skilled migrants, better exchanges between universities and research institutes and small and medium-sized enterprises, increasing the number of starting entrepreneurs and exploiting the opportunities offered by the creative industry. . A reduction in the tax on company profits is good for the taxable business climate and thus contributes to an improvement of the economic structure. The productivity of the economy is also stimulated by accelerating procedures for spatial planning, housing, infrastructure and the environment. The government wants space for living, working and recreation in strong cities, as well as for nature and landscape. The relaxation of the rental policy promotes new investments in housing, partly to promote mobility. The revision of the Spatial Planning Act will give municipalities and provinces more elbow room. In 2005 the government will make proposals aimed at strengthening a liveable and vital rural area. Significant investments are being made in infrastructure, and in particular in road maintenance and better use. The Netherlands adheres to international agreements on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Citizens' confidence in the future is increased by improving safety. Fanatical groups attempt terrorist acts, victimizing innocent civilians and even children, undermining societies around the world. The Netherlands is not immune from these threats either. In order to protect our democratic constitutional state and our pluralistic society against terror, the government has announced that it will take drastic measures in the short term. The fight against terrorism will be strengthened through better organisation, the ability to take rapid measures and by extending certain investigative powers. Also with a view to adequate information, a warning and alert system will be put into operation. The efforts of the government, municipalities, police regions, the judiciary, the prosecution and the prison system are starting to bear fruit. Municipalities will have more options to impose administrative fines for minor offenses and parking violations. Next year we will commemorate the 60th anniversary of the end of World War II. Contributing to peace and security means that countries must continue to take joint responsibility for the international legal order and solidarity. The starting points for the Netherlands are a decisive European Union, a strong transatlantic relationship, especially within NATO, and the effective functioning of the United Nations. Through an active foreign policy and by participating with more than 2000 soldiers in international missions, the Netherlands supports Iraq, Afghanistan and the Balkans in their democratic and economic reconstruction. The men and women of our armed forces who contribute to it, deserve great respect and gratitude. The government feels a bond with them and their loved ones; our thoughts go out in particular to the wounded and killed Dutch soldiers and their families. International legal order and solidarity also require sustainable combating of poverty and injustice. Dutch development cooperation is characterized by partnership, dialogue and involvement of non-governmental organizations and the business community. The government will continue to pay special attention to education, the environment and water, health care and the fight against AIDS. The government is particularly concerned with the development of the poorest continent, Africa, and with the serious crisis in Sudan. A large part of the bilateral development funds is destined for sub-Saharan Africa. Promotion of trade relations is beneficial to the economic growth of developing countries. The World Trade Organization and the European Union have recently given this an important new impulse. With the accession of ten new Member States and with the Constitutional Treaty to be signed next month, the European Union has reached new milestones. The government will work to make it clear to everyone that the Union means more than just economic cooperation. This is necessary for confidence in Europe. It is essential that agreements on security and migration, agrarian reform, internal market, competition, budgetary policy and economic reform are respected within the Union. The Dutch presidency has a great responsibility to carefully prepare decisions about the further enlargement of the European Union, recognizing that support is indispensable. To this end, the stipulated accession criteria will have to be strictly applied. Renewed trust must also be based on social cohesion. The government cannot achieve this alone. It is citizens, social organizations and social partners who shape Dutch society. The government recognizes the great importance of art and culture. In the field of work and income, employees and employers will have to be able to place new emphasis. The role of the social partners is not in question here. The policy of deregulation and reduction of administrative burdens for businesses and citizens is taking shape. This also creates more room for personal responsibility. To maintain a high-quality and accessible health care system, the government will promote freedom of choice and competition. In this way, health insurers and care providers are encouraged to deliver more quality and to work more efficiently. A law with one basic insurance for everyone as well as a health care allowance is being prepared for this. The government will have to be more selective in its ambitions and priorities and thus become more decisive. In the 'Other Government' programme, proposals will be made for recalibrating central government tasks and working methods and for improving services to citizens. Tasks should be performed as close to people as possible. More is therefore demanded of provinces and municipalities. The government emphasizes the importance of good consultation between governments and will continue to do so intensively in the interest of coherent government action. The big cities are to a large extent social and economic engines of our society. The government supports this by making concrete agreements. Strengthening democracy can promote public confidence in government. The government has proposed that mayors be elected directly by citizens from 2006 onwards. In the short term you will reach bills for the revision of the electoral system, aimed at strengthening the mandate of the individual representative of the people. Living together in a society requires respect for each other's culture, background and views. Many in our country stand, each in their own way, in the Christian, humanist, Jewish, Islamic or other world or ideological tradition. In such a pluriform country, respect from all, native and immigrant, is a requirement for our fundamental rights and the rule of law. A common basis of language, active citizenship and shared values ​​and norms can strengthen this. Integration policy should also contribute to this. The influx of asylum seekers has fallen sharply. The restrictive admission policy for asylum seekers and for persons who come to the Netherlands in the context of family formation will be continued. The government wants to work on mutual trust in our Kingdom. The Netherlands has a unique political and social bond with Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles. The government will strongly support the Netherlands Antilles to cope with the worrying socio-economic situation and to combat increasing crime. The reform of the administrative and financial relationships in the Netherlands Antilles and a new perspective for the Kingdom context also require attention. In December we will celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Charter together. Members of the States General, The government is aware that in 2005 it will also require considerable efforts from all sections of society. Against the background of strong international growth and a revival of the economy in Europe, our country is now also experiencing an initial recovery. Employment is expected to increase again next year. This turning point creates opportunities to strengthen economic growth and make it sustainable. The structural reforms are aimed at this and thus create prospects for prosperity and employment and thus for cohesion in society. By collectively undertaking the necessary efforts, we can look to the future with confidence. The government is counting on fruitful consultations with you. You have a responsible and arduous task. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. The international and national developments of the past year have increased the uncertainties in our daily lives. civil wars, attacks and other forms of violence affect many innocent people every day. This raises the question of how the Netherlands can contribute to sustainable peace, security and poverty reduction. Earthquakes, floods and droughts all over the world confront people with their limitations. Our country has not been spared the consequences of prolonged drought, despite the great attention being paid to water management. The economic downturn has become acutely felt in the Netherlands. After years of prosperity, this unexpectedly leads to uncertainty for many citizens. Hundreds of people become unemployed every day. The problems of our economy are not only cyclical in nature. In order to achieve a sustainable recovery, it is necessary to strengthen the economic structure and thoroughly review social security. The government realizes that this will initially have far-reaching consequences for many people. There are also major concerns about cohesion in our society. The values ​​of different population groups sometimes appear to be far apart and integration is not progressing well. Furthermore, the insecurity and nuisance on the street and the damage to the living environment are worrying. The big cities are faced with an accumulation of problems. The government recognizes these uncertainties and problems and sees it as its task to offer perspective again. It wants to contribute to a strong and sustainable economy, an effective government, a living democracy and a safer society. This perspective requires structural reforms, where the long-term outcome is more important than the short-term adverse effects. With a view to the future of all of us, the government now considers sharp choices necessary. In doing so, the government also aims to bring about a cultural change. The government should leave room for the initiative of citizens and businesses. Actual improvements are only possible if everyone takes responsibility and participates in our society. The government cannot and should not provide the solution to all issues. On the contrary, it must create the preconditions for solving problems. To that end, it should set fewer rules and enforce those rules better. These principles are central to government policy. The Netherlands is becoming increasingly intertwined with Europe, both politically and economically. The European Union is a community of values ​​and law. It has gradually developed into a free market for goods, persons, capital and services. A common trade, agricultural and asylum policy and a single currency strengthen integration. Internationally, the Union's importance as a factor of peace and stability is growing. The number of Member States of the European Union has grown strongly since its inception. The Union is expected to consist of 25 countries next year. Enlargement is gratifying, but it is also testing the Union's strength. The Intergovernmental Conference on the new Constitution for the Union will start in October. The government will work to ensure that the Union can decide and act more decisively. To this end, the central role of the European Commission will have to be strengthened and decision-making by qualified majority will have to be expanded. The democratic content must also be increased by strengthening the position of the European Parliament. The Union will also have to ensure that expenditure remains under control and the burden is fairly shared. This is the only way to maintain support for the payments. In the second half of next year, the Netherlands will hold the presidency of the European Union. The government will actively contribute to the Union's aspiration to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world. Partly with a view to combating terrorism, proposals will be made for further European cooperation in the field of foreign and security policy. Special attention is paid to the continuation of the close relationship with the United States. The government considers strengthening the international legal order, peace and security of great importance. The Netherlands is making a major contribution to this with the deployment of more than 2,200 military personnel in crisis management operations. The Netherlands will continue to work for reconstruction in Iraq and Afghanistan. Extra resources are being made available to equip the Dutch military even better for the tasks they perform under difficult circumstances. The government also continues to focus on Africa, the poorest continent, where conflict, inequality, regional instability, hunger, AIDS and other diseases hinder development. Partly with a view to this, a separate fund for peace and stability has been set up within the budget of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. For sustainable poverty reduction, developing countries need not only aid but also free access to the world market. Reflection on the cooperative relationship within the Kingdom will demand a lot of attention in the coming period. The Netherlands Antilles and the individual islands are faced with fundamental questions about financial and economic problems and the design of governance. The urgency to arrive at an actual approach is great. The government considers structural improvement of justice and law enforcement throughout the Kingdom necessary. The fiftieth anniversary of the Charter in 2004 gives rise to a joint search for a new perspective for the Kingdom. To bring about structural reforms and a cultural shift in our country, a different relationship between government and citizens, a clear improvement of public services and a renewal of our democratic system are required. In order to give citizens and businesses space, deregulation and reduction of administrative burdens are crucial. The aim is to reduce these costs by a quarter over the next four years. Moreover, the government is becoming more selective in what it considers to be its responsibility, but core tasks should be performed better. In view of this, the tasks, working methods and size of the government will be examined. The result must be an accessible, service-providing and efficient government. To this end, the government modernization program will be presented to you. The government aims to have about half of the public information available on the internet by 2004, in order to improve the accessibility of the government. In addition, in the future, citizens will not have to provide their personal data to the government every time, but only once. The government wants to strengthen the functioning of democracy. To this end, the direct influence of the voter on his representatives, and on his municipal administration, will be increased. In 2004 the government will introduce bills for a new electoral system with districts and from 2006 for direct elections of mayors. Within the possibilities offered by the Constitution, proposals will be made to you to give the mayor a strong, individual position in the administration of the municipality. The aim of integration is to offer a future perspective and to strengthen cohesion in society. Too large a part of the immigrant population participates insufficiently in society. Integration means participating, and that requires the knowledge and skills necessary for self-reliance. The offer of integration courses is left free. Newcomers are subject to the condition that they have a basic knowledge of Dutch. In addition to measures to increase integration, further measures are also being taken to limit the influx of foreign nationals. The presence in our country of asylum seekers who have been waiting for the outcome of their procedure for many years is a social problem. For a defined group of asylum seekers who meet verifiable criteria, a one-off arrangement for residence will be provided. A more active eviction policy will apply to those who do not have the right to settle here permanently. After years of prosperity and strong economic growth, the Dutch economy has come to a complete standstill this year. A further sharp rise in unemployment is expected next year. Many people will be affected by this. This affects not only the unemployed person himself, but also his family and those around him. Wage costs have risen sharply and labor productivity has lagged behind. As a result, the Netherlands performs considerably worse than most other countries in the European Union. In addition, people belonging to the post-war baby boom will reach retirement age in the coming years, while the group of people who have to afford the means for old-age provisions is shrinking. All this calls for new measures to strengthen the structure of the economy, moderate wages and increase labor participation. This requires greater personal responsibility, especially in social security and the reduction of the national debt. At the same time, the agreements made in the context of Economic and Monetary Union must be complied with. By tackling the economic and budgetary problems now, current and future generations will not be presented with the bill in the form of structural unemployment, permanent economic problems and the need to put public finances in order after all. Difficult measures are now needed to have a prospect of recovery. Nearly all citizens will lose their purchasing power in the coming year. However, the burden will be distributed as evenly as possible. The government wants to counter the excessive rise in top incomes in the private sector and in the semi-collective sector with appropriate measures. Moderation of wage costs is essential to achieve employment growth. The government will actively contribute to this by limiting the development of civil servant salaries and benefits. Resumption of work and finding suitable work is the starting point of a new disability insurance system. The period in which employers continue to pay wages in the event of illness will be extended from one to two years from 2004 onwards. In addition, the income provision in the second year will remain limited to 70%. Only those who are permanently and completely unable to perform work, receives permanent income protection. The government wants to tighten up the WW admission requirements and considers the abolition of the follow-up benefit to be necessary. Personal responsibility and labor participation are also central to the work and social assistance bill. Those who cannot find work independently will receive support in the form of a reintegration process. Social assistance benefits are provided for as long as necessary. The responsibility for this lies with the municipalities. The elderly should also continue to work as much as possible. In that light, the tax facilities for early retirement and pre-pension cannot be maintained. Especially people between the ages of 30 and 50 often find it difficult to combine work and care. The introduction of a life-course savings scheme will make this easier. The productivity of the Dutch economy will be structurally strengthened by investing in education, knowledge and innovation. To give an impulse to the Dutch knowledge economy, the government has established the Innovation Platform, in which cabinet members and authoritative experts from the business community, science and education jointly develop ideas. Creating space for entrepreneurs is also essential for increasing productivity. People who want to start a business will experience fewer barriers and will receive targeted support. The government is making efforts to give the important agricultural sector a sustainable and innovative character. The economy and competitiveness will also be strengthened by investing in maintenance and better use of the existing infrastructure. To improve traffic flow on the road, the program for rush-hour lanes at the serious bottlenecks will be accelerated. The government also considers the development of Schiphol Airport and the Port of Rotterdam to be of essential economic importance for the Netherlands. It is important for strong cities and villages to build more homes. The government will create the preconditions for the lagging housing production to increase and will insist that the market parties also take responsibility. It is very important that healthcare in our country remains accessible, high-quality and affordable. However, the current economic situation and the aging population force us to make clear choices in this area as well. Healthcare costs have risen sharply in recent years, while the quality has not kept up with it. In order to limit these costs, the legally insured package will be reduced and the personal contributions will be increased. Medically necessary care is spared in these measures. A special compensatory measure is taken for chronically ill people with a low income. In order to ensure good, affordable healthcare in the long term, the individual responsibility of citizens, institutions and insurers must be paramount. The government sets requirements and preconditions for this. The new standard insurance will be based on these principles and will be introduced in 2006. Fewer rules, more efficiency and more efficient organization are necessary for better performance in healthcare. In the coming years, much attention will be paid to medical-ethical issues. In 2004 the legislation on euthanasia and termination of pregnancy will be evaluated. The basic principle is that the applicable rules are actually complied with. Despite the difficult budgetary situation, the government is making additional resources available to improve the quality of society in various areas. Education makes a major contribution to the proper functioning of society, both now and in the future. At the moment too many young people leave school without a diploma. Pupils and students will be supervised more intensively in order to significantly reduce school drop-out. The teacher shortage is also addressed. Schools will have more room to hire support staff and teachers will have better opportunities to prepare for new demands placed on them. Diversity and accessibility remain central to cultural policy. The environmental effects of production and consumption of goods and services are still insufficiently recognised. Stimulating sustainable innovations should lead to a more efficient use of raw materials. Ecological and landscape values ​​determine the quality of life in our society. That is why extra resources have been set aside for the acquisition of nature and the preservation of a vital countryside. The quality of society will be further improved by reducing violence and nuisance on the street. Supervision and control in the public space will be increased. Frequent offenders are dealt with as a matter of priority. For greater security, prevention and supervision are indispensable, as is effective action by the judiciary and the police. To this end, broadening of powers and organizational changes are urgently required. Additional resources are made available for the prosecutor, the judge and the prison system so that misconduct can be tried quickly and fairly. Developing and maintaining the legal order is one of the government's core tasks. This must be maintained and, if necessary, adapted to a changing society. The starting point is a legal order that offers scope where possible and sets frameworks where required. The parties must first of all find a solution to their disputes themselves. Clear legal standards are required for this purpose. A decisive judiciary is indispensable as a final piece. In the coming term of office, you will be presented with proposals for aligning regulations, enforcement and jurisprudence. Members of the States General, The government considers it of great importance that the proposed policy is translated into concrete implementation as soon as possible in agreement with the States General. She is confident that the planned structural reforms, aimed at a strong and sustainable economy, will offer the Netherlands the prospect of catching up with the improving world economy. With its proposals, the government wants to contribute to an effective government, a living democracy and a safer society, thereby strengthening social cohesion in our country. The government is making these proposals recognizing that results can only be achieved with a joint effort from all sections of society. The government wants to achieve its objectives with you and is therefore looking forward to fruitful consultations. You have a responsible and arduous task. You may feel supported in this by the realization that many wish you wisdom and pray with me for strength and God's blessing for you. In recent years, we in Dutch society seemed to be able to rely on a number of certainties: continued economic growth and security against attacks from outside. However, they have turned out to be false certainties. Economic growth has almost stalled from the middle of last year; unemployment is rising again. And after the attacks of 11 September last year, the realization has dawned that security and stability in our country and in the Western world cannot be taken for granted. It has also become clear that many citizens have a feeling of unease about developments in our society: an increasing insecurity that is perceived as threatening, a large influx and insufficient integration of newcomers, and poor quality in health care and education, among other things. Against this background, the elections took place and this cabinet was formed. Much has been achieved in the Netherlands in recent decades. The government is now faced with the arduous task of preserving its goodness, and of tackling its imperfections clearly and decisively. The declining economic growth necessitates a radical package of measures. In addition, the government wants to comply with the urgent orders given to it by the voters: security in our country must be increased, rules must be complied with, integration of minorities must be accelerated and the quality and organization of public services must be improved. The government is fully aware that the opportunities for development and prosperity for our country arise to a large extent through cooperation with other countries. This applies in particular to the relationship between the Netherlands and the European Union. The Netherlands stood at the cradle of European unification. The European Union now faces a new era with the envisaged enlargement with new Member States and the reform of the common agricultural policy. The Convention and then the Intergovernmental Conference raise important issues about the structure of the Union. The government is aware that these sweeping changes are causing mixed feelings among some. The debate on this should therefore not be limited to administrators and institutions. A new impetus in the European consciousness of citizens is desired. The Netherlands will use the presidency of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and of the Council of Europe next year, and then of the European Union, to actively inform citizens and involve them in this debate. The values ​​the European Union stands for must be clear and anchored in treaties. In the past year, peace and security have been increasingly threatened by tensions both within and between countries. The government wants to do everything in its power to contribute to the search for solutions in an international context. Particular attention should be paid to the worrying developments in the Middle East. The Netherlands attaches great value to Europe's vital relationship with the United States. NATO plays an essential role in this. The Dutch defense organization is making a contribution to the best of its ability. Our military is commendably engaged in peacekeeping operations. In memory of the victims who fell in the United States more than a year ago in the shocking attacks, the fight against international terrorism continues unabated. Our country also takes its responsibility in this. The Netherlands has a great tradition of international solidarity. The just held meeting in Johannesburg on sustainable global development underlines the importance of an integrated approach to global problems. Building on our commitment to this conference, we will present proposals to you this yearfor a coherent approach to promote sustainable development, including in the areas of water and energy, and poverty reduction, in particular in Africa. The bond of the Kingdom creates responsibilities for our own country, the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. From the point of view of balanced relations, the government attaches great importance to the current political relationship of the Netherlands Antilles. The Charter should provide the basis for closer integration in the Kingdom context. As long as the crime rate is so alarmingly high, the government, in consultation with the Kingdom partners, will use its financial contribution to the cooperation as a priority to strengthen law enforcement. In response to the problems in our country, the government wants to give substance to a new administrative culture. A culture in which social problems are identified, considerations are made clear, decisions are taken responsibly and at the necessary pace, and laws are complied with. The government wants to initiate the debate on shared values. The norms in society need to be strengthened. Citizens are the carriers of society. Government is too often looked to to prevent or eliminate problems and risks in everyday life. But at the same time it is becoming less and less accepted that the government imposes restrictions on people. A new balance must be sought. Society can only function if citizens are willing to ask themselves what they can do for each other before turning their gaze to the government. In addition, people can only develop themselves if the government gives them room to take responsibility and make their own choices. The basic principles here should be: respect, responsibility and accountability. This means: respect for each other's privacy, for those in authority and for those who are committed to the public good, but also from the government to the citizens; responsibility of citizens, civil society organizations and companies to make a substantial contribution to the quality of society; accountability of government and institutions for the way in which they fulfill their duties and deliver performance. The Netherlands has a tradition that offers space for the culture and religion of people from all over the world. That value must be preserved. However, massive immigration and the resulting problems have put society under pressure. The government will therefore further promote the integration of immigrants, which requires new Dutch citizens to speak our language, to empathize with the Dutch identity and culture, and to comply with the laws of our constitutional state. The persons involved may be asked to successfully complete the integration courses. Integration also benefits from a more restrictive admission policy and the fight against illegal residence. Partly as a result of this, space will be created for the new Dutch citizens already present to find their place in society. Good integration requires a long-term commitment and mutual adjustment. The major problems facing the government cannot be solved without cooperation with civil society organizations and social partners who form a binding element in society. It is therefore necessary that they are aware of their responsibilities. For the sake of the quality of society, they will also now have to keep the public interest in mind. If civil society organizations and citizens want to take their responsibility, they must be given the space to do so. The government will therefore work to reduce regulations and bureaucracy. It wants to create conditions to better organize essential community facilities. The need for a human dimension and the views of citizens must be paramount. Teaching and the professionalism of the teacher are central to education. The government wants to increase the responsibility of institutions in education, culture and science. Reducing administrative burdens and limiting education regulations are being actively pursued. Next year you will receive proposals that give schools more freedom in setting up basic education and the study house and in spending the resources for class reductions. The quality of vocational education will be promoted and the dropout rate of pupils will be combated, for example by making the learning pathways within vocational education more compatible. The government wants to ensure that the right to insured care can be realized in a financially responsible manner. To this end, it will hold health insurers accountable for their share in the financing and management of health care. Care providers will also be given more room for entrepreneurship, new initiatives and experiments. The needs of the patient will be central and waiting times will be shortened. Next year, the government will submit a proposal for a new health care system based on solidarity between people of different ages, health risks and financial means. With regard to the growing group of elderly people, the government wants to take into account the individual wishes and needs in the field of welfare, care, income and housing. To this end, it will publish an integrated vision in 2003. Fortunately, most young people grow up without major problems. As educators, parents have a primary responsibility for this. When children threaten to derail, support must be offered at an early stage. The government attaches great importance to an integrated youth policy that focuses on prevention. This requires intensive, person-oriented collaboration between the school, the neighborhood and the authorities involved. If necessary, corrective and repressive measures will also be taken. The human dimension determines the way in which the Netherlands is organized and how we deal with the environment in the broadest sense of the word. Both a strong city and a vital countryside are necessary for the sustainable development of our country. Farmers and horticulturists are given a new function in this, whereby nature, recreation and agriculture are approached more closely. To this end, the government will encourage agri-environmental management. Local authorities have their own place in spatial policy. The government wants to give them more options for making their own decisions. This autumn, you will be presented with the main features of the amendment to the Fifth Policy Document on Spatial Planning. This will also deal with accommodating the population growth in rural areas. Attention will also be paid to making the urban living environment attractive for different income groups and to breaking through the one-sided composition of the population of deprived neighbourhoods. In mid-2003 you will be presented with a proposal for simplification of regulations in the field of housing, the environment and spatial planning. Good accessibility is important for economic growth, prosperity and well-being, but the growing need for mobility cannot be met unbridled. Investments are made in solving bottlenecks and making better use of existing infrastructure to promote traffic flow. There will be new stations at Vinex locations. By giving priority to proper and timely maintenance of the rail infrastructure, the government wants to contribute to fewer delays for train passengers. Citizens feel unsafe and are concerned about increased crime. Invasion of one's own life by violence and crime is so serious that there is a great need for strict enforcement of public order and for a strict approach to crime. In 2003 the government wants to strengthen the organization and powers of the police and the judiciary. There will be a national investigation. The powers of the government in the management of the police organization are strengthened. Concrete agreements are made with the managers of the regional police forces and with other partners involved about delivering better performance. At the end of 2004, the government will consider whether the results require further organizational changes. In line with the many efforts made by the police and the judiciary in recent years and the results achieved, priority will be given to combating those forms of public disorder and crime that citizens often face. These include robberies and threats on the street, vandalism, burglaries and nuisance caused by drugs. This requires an active presence and visibility of police officers, 24 hours a day. The deployability of the police will be adapted to this as far as possible. This also requires adaptation of other bodies such as the judiciary and the probation service. For social safety in public transport, action will be taken next year to achieve stricter supervision and a closed access regime at metro and train stations. In order to increase the investigative possibilities of the police and the judiciary, the government will introduce a general, legal obligation to identify and expand the application of DNA techniques next year. Serious events in the past two years have shown that attention to other forms of safety such as firefighting, transport safety and disaster management is necessary. Municipalities and provinces are primarily responsible for maintaining permits and for prevention and control. The government promotes far-reaching regional cooperation between the fire brigade and accident services. A bill will be submitted this autumn to improve preparation and practice, as well as the quality of management plans. Over the next four years, additional resources will be made available for the safety of the storage and transport of hazardous substances. The improvement of the safety of tunnels also receives special attention. The recent floods in Europe make it clear once again that a change in thinking about water management is needed. In addition to raising dikes, measures will also be required for the retention, storage and drainage of water. The government will work to ensure the safety of our food through regulations and standards. It is up to entrepreneurs to fulfill their social responsibility in this regard. Social, economic and financial policies are aimed at increasing employment, increasing profitability, reducing inflation and improving public finances, also after 2006. The budget for the year 2003 is part of the multiannual policy, which aims to is to pay off the national debt in about 25 years. That is the most reliable way to maintain community amenities for our aging population. Important elements are also the prevention of absenteeism and tackling incapacity for work, a pension agreement with the social partners, the combination of care and work and a better functioning labor market. Room is also given for entrepreneurship, among other things by significantly reducing the administrative burden. Policy intentions are under pressure as the economic outlook is significantly worse than expected last year. For 2003, gross domestic product growth of 1.5 percent is forecast, which is almost a halving compared to the previous forecast. This growth rate is significantly lower than the average in the European Union and in the United States. The international economy has collapsed. High stock and house prices have distorted wealth. The government and many citizens have also been unable to maintain sufficient measure in recent years; in addition, the increase in wage costs in the Netherlands was considerably higher than in neighboring countries. This has weakened our international competitive position. Unemployment is rising by nearly 8,000 people a month. The sustainability of pensions is at risk due to a combination of excessive wage growth, a decline in financial markets and the increasing burden of ageing. In light of this serious economic situation, the government is forced to take measures to maintain the prospect of timely repayment of the national debt. Controlling wage costs to below or at the level of inflation over a longer period of time is necessary, both in the public sector and in the private sector. In these difficult circumstances, citizens will lose their purchasing power. However, the burden will be distributed as evenly as possible, with special attention being paid to the purchasing power of older people with only state pension. To make work more financially attractive, the employed person's tax credit will be increased on 1 January. Despite further budget cuts, the government will maintain its priorities for education, care and safety. It will also moderate wage costs in its own role as employer. The government is making additional resources available to alleviate bottlenecks in the labor market, especially in sectors such as care and education. It assumes that the need for a multi-year moderation of wage costs will be widely supported in society. As soon as moderation of wage costs is also achieved in the market sector, room will be made for a reduction in employee and employer contributions. Members of the States General, With this budget, the government wants to meet the uncertainties, problems and ambitions in society, recognizing that not all solutions can be achieved in the short term. It makes these proposals knowing that results can only be achieved through a common effort in society. The government wants to achieve its objectives together with you and is looking forward to fruitful consultations. May you find inspiration and strength from your personal convictions for your responsible work. I wish you God's blessing on this. The horrific attacks one week ago in the United States took the lives of many thousands of innocent people. Our thoughts are with the victims and their families, with the entire American people, in deep connection and solidarity. These attacks against humanity make us realize how vulnerable our very existence is. They strengthen our conviction that all forms of terrorism must be fought vigorously. Close international cooperation is more necessary than ever to defend the fundamental values ​​of freedom, democracy and justice. European cooperation is also based on these values. The euro, which will become our legal tender on 1 January 2002, is the tangible result of the will to strengthen Europe politically, economically and socially. Reaching this milestone is an incentive to further broaden and deepen integration. Supported by favorable economic conditions, much has been accomplished in our country in recent years. Employment has grown spectacularly. Incomes have risen across the board. Extensive investments have been made and are being made in public facilities and in strengthening our economy. Thanks to the efforts of many people, the Netherlands is now in a better position in many respects. However, vigilance is required, all the more so now that the global economy is experiencing a less favorable development. Despite a slower growth in our national income, a total of 8 billion guilders, or more than 3.5 billion euros, will be made available next year for quality improvement, especially in health care, education and safety. Working in the public sector will be made more attractive. The budget surplus is expected to amount to 1 percent of gross domestic product in 2002. In this way, the repayment of the national debt is steadily progressing. This is essential to maintain our facilities even with an increasing aging population. Particular attention is needed for controlling inflation and broadening labor force participation. To this end, the government is presenting you with a package of tax-reducing measures totaling 3 billion guilders, or almost 1.4 billion euros. To strengthen the competitive position of our country, a controlled development of wage costs is required. This is a joint responsibility of the social partners and the government. If we succeed in this, we will be better able to realize our ambitions for the future. Our society is changing rapidly. This makes great demands on the adaptability of both citizens and government. Empowered citizens increasingly need freedom of choice, quality and customization. Financial resources alone are not sufficient to meet this requirement. It is also a question of organisation, to which citizens, companies and institutions can also make important contributions. A good balance between freedom and responsibility requires a government that provides direction and space, that demands results and is accountable; a government that sets and enforces standards, demonstrates decisiveness and thus has authority. The quality and organization of healthcare are increasingly demanding, partly as a result of new medical options and demographic developments. Customized care comes first. In recent years, the government has gradually initiated a renewal of the health care system, based on the demand for care and less regulation. Subsequently, it made proposals for general health insurance. Solidarity, freedom of choice and flexibility are central to this. In care for the disabled and home care, the policy aimed at shortening waiting lists is beginning to bear fruit. However, there are still serious bottlenecks in the healthcare sector as a whole. Substantial amounts will also be made available next year to further reduce staff shortages and waiting times. The progress of medical science often offers unprecedented opportunities, which also raise ethical dilemmas. A center for ethics and health policy will be set up next year to fundamentally study these kinds of issues. Schools and teachers will be given more space and incentives to improve the quality, variety and accessibility of education. Additional measures will improve the fight against educational disadvantage in young children. The compulsory school age will be lowered to four years. The current bottlenecks in the labor market underline the need for major investments in vocational education. The government implements this together with the social partners. In order to promote the international connection of our higher education, a start will be made next year on the introduction of a bachelor-master system and quality assurance will be strengthened. The accessibility of our cultural heritage to a large and diverse public requires innovations in the museum system. The government has released funds for a major renovation of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Safety is a public interest par excellence. After the fireworks disaster in Enschede, the New Year's fire in Volendam once again deeply affected our society. Measures have been taken to tighten rules where necessary and to enforce them better. Non-compliance should not be tolerated. Everyone should realize and take their own responsibility. Shortcomings in disaster management are tackled energetically in close cooperation with all those involved. Crime is still a major social problem. Perpetrators of criminal offenses will be arrested and brought to justice more quickly. To this end, the government is further expanding the capacity of the police and the judiciary. The treatment of detainees and their support after their return to society will be intensified to prevent recidivism. This applies in particular to young perpetrators of violent crimes. Preventive youth policy and youth care will be improved in order to be able to offer adequate help to young people with problems in a timely manner. The large cities receive extra financial support to be able to pay more attention to safety in problem neighbourhoods. Prosperity growth and mobility go hand in hand. Extensive investments in accessibility remain necessary. The quality of the living environment is explicitly taken into account. The government will shortly submit a bill to introduce a kilometer charge in combination with a reduction in the fixed costs for motorists. Additional resources are being deployed to make roads and level crossings safer. Safety in and around public transport will be increased by appointing supervisors and installing extra lighting and cameras. Bottlenecks in train transport will be removed in phases. The main ports of Schiphol and Rotterdam remain indispensable for the social and economic future of our country. The government will make a decision about Maasvlakte 2 this year. Livestock farmers in our country are going through a difficult period. The foot-and-mouth disease crisis has hit many entrepreneurs and their families hard. Under difficult circumstances, they themselves and the various services have worked to combat it. In the coming years, agriculture should be given a more sustainable character, both in our own country and in Europe. The aim is higher quality and more diversity. Particular efforts will be made for the benefit of the environment, animal welfare and food safety. Both the agricultural sector itself and the Dutch and European governments have a role to play in this. Consumers can also contribute to necessary changes. The switch to sustainable energy management and responsible use of fossil fuels is accompanied by radical adaptation processes that demand a lot from all those involved. Environmental problems should not be passed on to other countries and future generations. A speedy entry into force of the International Biodiversity Convention is desirable. The government is preparing a national strategy for the UN conference on sustainable development. The agreement concluded in Bonn this summer represents a breakthrough for international climate policy. Adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 2002 is vital to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. In our country we attach increasing importance to the quality of the space. In order to make good use of the scarce space, the government has opted for intensive and multiple use and, where necessary, redevelopment of areas. The elaboration of the spatial planning memorandum will reach you around the turn of the year, as will the draft for a new spatial planning law. Conservation and good management of nature are of increasing importance. That is why the ecological main structure is given an extra boost. A sufficient supply of housing for all income groups and types of households is necessary. The government will shortly make proposals to increase the production of new buildings. In the coming year you will be presented with a bill to increase the involvement of citizens in their living situation. Volunteering and informal care are invaluable in our society. The government is making additional resources available to support activities in this area. Sport and exercise contribute to health and reduce absenteeism. Too often illness is followed by a long-term exclusion from the labor process. Recourse to the WAO should be reduced for both social and economic reasons. More opportunities need to be created and exploited to stay in or re-enter the workforce, based on what people can do. After receiving the advice of the Social-Economic Council on the recommendations of the Donner Commission, the government will urgently prepare proposals to amend the law. More and more women and men are combining work with caring responsibilities. The Work and Care Act, which will come into effect next year, will increase this possibility, for example by introducing paid short-term care leave and paid adoption leave. The capacity of the childcare will be further expanded. The socio-economic position of ethnic minorities in our country has been strengthened in recent years, although much improvement is still needed. New migrants are intensively assisted in their compulsory integration. In order to promote the integration process of those who have been living in the Netherlands for a longer period of time, the government is making civic integration programs possible on a large scale. Participation is essential to fulfill a place in our society. Initiatives from the business community to combine work and integration prove to be of great value. Earlier this year, the new Aliens Act came into effect. Due to the simplification of procedures, aliens will gain clarity sooner than before about whether they can be admitted to our country. Unaccompanied minor asylum seekers will know more quickly whether their stay in special reception centers is aimed at integration or at return. Foreigners who are not allowed to stay here will have to leave our country in time. Next year there will be elections for the municipal councils and the House of Representatives. The government considers it of great importance that as many voters as possible exercise their right to vote. A vital democracy benefits from the active participation of citizens. The advisory referendum offers new possibilities for this from 1 January. Citizen involvement is further promoted by modernizing government communications and access to information. To this end, proposals for new policy and amendments to the Constitution are being prepared. With the help of the International Monetary Fund, the Netherlands Antilles are working on a sustainable recovery of the socio-economic situation. The Netherlands is actively contributing to this. In Aruba, a balanced development of government finances requires constant attention. We look back with satisfaction on Prince Constantijn's wedding to Laurentien Brinkhorst earlier this year. The intended marriage of Prince Willem-Alexander and Máxima Zorreguieta on February 2, 2002 fills us with joy. Together they prepare intensively for their future. It is very important that European decisions are democratically controlled and that citizens recognize and feel at home in Europe. The government attaches great importance to the early adoption of the Treaty of Nice. This is essential for the accession of Central and Eastern European countries to the European Union. Enlargement will be beneficial for the stability and security of Europe and for the well-being of its citizens. To develop the European Union into one of the most competitive and dynamic regions' s world requires continued economic integration. Together we work on goals that really affect people: peace and security, employment and social justice, food safety, a healthy living environment and the fight against crime and terrorism. In all these areas, Europe can and must be a powerful partner in the world. Increasing globalization brings greater prosperity to many in the world. At the same time, large groups of people, especially in the poorest countries, especially in Africa, still miss out on this development. Financial aid to developing countries is necessary but not sufficient for a more equitable distribution of wealth. Cohesive efforts are needed in all policy areas, in particular poverty reduction, health care and the promotion of world trade. International cooperation is under pressure. Reform and strengthening of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization must be the answer. All countries should invest in international cooperation and honor agreements. The business community can contribute to this through corporate social responsibility. The government will continue to stand up for people who are insufficiently able to share in the opportunities that globalization offers. More than 1,500 Dutch military personnel are currently taking part in international crisis management operations, often under difficult circumstances. Earlier this year, our peacekeepers made a valuable contribution to promoting peace and stability in Ethiopia and Eritrea. A Dutch company is currently working with partners to maintain peace in a multi-ethnic Macedonia. Work continues on increasing the preparedness, flexibility and rapid deployability of the armed forces. The Netherlands contributes to strengthening crisis management capabilities within the joint framework of NATO and the European Union. A politically stronger Europe with more direct responsibility for peace and security will be better able to contribute to the prevention and resolution of conflicts in the world. The violation of human rights must not go unpunished. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Court, which is expected to settle in The Hague as early as next year, are of great significance for the international legal order. The government is deeply concerned about the ongoing spiral of violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Parties will not come together without intensive involvement of the international community. Together with our European partners and the United States, the Netherlands is committed to a resumption of the peace process in the Middle East. The cooperation with Indonesia is aimed at stability and socio-economic recovery. The government is actively contributing to the international community's efforts to rebuild the Moluccas. The Netherlands is happy to support the further development of the rule of law and good governance in the archipelago. The dramatic events in the United States impress upon all of us the need for close international cooperation in defense of our fundamental values ​​of freedom, democracy and justice. Members of the States General, The social, economic and financial foundations of our country have been strengthened in recent years. Many people have contributed to this. The resilience of many people has increased. Investments in the quality of our society lead to visible results. However, much remains to be done. New developments are taking place at a rapid pace that require timely and adequate answers, also in a European and international context. This requires a great deal of adaptability and strong efforts from citizens, government and business, especially now that the economic prospects are less favourable. First and foremost is the need for a responsible balance: between economic dynamics and social justice, between individual development and mutual responsibility. With the involvement and contributions of all, we can successfully build our shared future. Government and representatives of the people have a special task in this regard. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. At the beginning of this 21st century, our country is experiencing a period of economic prosperity. From the prosperity of today we work on the prosperity and well-being of tomorrow. A strong and inclusive society that is able to respond to the challenges ahead requires major investments in the economic and social structure of our country. The favorable budget situation offers the government scope to spend an additional amount of seven and a half billion guilders next year on education and research, health care, safety and quality of life, nature, the environment, infrastructure and other government tasks. This means a doubling of the resources allocated in the coalition agreement. The changing composition of our population, individualisation, technological and economic developments and internationalization will have a significant impact on the Netherlands in the coming decades. High demands are rightly placed on the quality and availability of collective facilities. The government must take into account the increasing need in society for freedom of choice. At the same time, accessibility to these facilities will continue to be guaranteed. On January 1, 2001, a robust and fair tax system will be introduced, which is tailored to today's requirements. The introduction is accompanied by a significant reduction in the burden. The new system makes work more rewarding, increases the competitiveness of the Netherlands and promotes sustainable development. This strengthens the basis for our future prosperity. For the first time in decades, government debt has declined in these years. The purpose of building up the AOW savings fund is to safeguard welfare-oriented retirement pensions for the future. This also preserves solidarity between generations in an aging society. The Dutch economy has become stronger in recent years. Employment is developing favourably. However, despite a growing number of vacancies, too many people are not yet in paid work. A further increase in labor participation is necessary for economic and social reasons. The government encourages participation in paid employment and makes work more financially attractive. Job seekers are intensively supervised and prepared for the labor market. It will be promoted that older people can continue to work for longer. In the public sector, especially in education and health care, the rapidly growing labor shortage is now clearly felt. The government has a special responsibility here. In order to safeguard the performance of these public tasks, the government will tackle bottlenecks in the labor market in a targeted manner. The government continues to make efforts to reduce the recourse to the WAO. Unfortunately, too many people are still unfit for work. In a new, client-friendly implementation organization for social security and employment provision, prevention and return on investment are paramount. Many women and men need a better work-life balance. More freedom of choice increases the possibilities for economic independence and makes it easier for people to take care of their loved ones. The government will provide tax incentives for paid parental leave. Childcare and options for childcare outside school hours are being expanded at an accelerated pace. Citizens can also mean a lot to society outside the employment situation. Volunteers play an indispensable role in this. Their selfless efforts make a major contribution to the well-being of many. In today's society, increasingly higher demands are placed on people's knowledge and skills. In education, everyone should be given optimal opportunities to fully develop and utilize his or her talents. In close connection with the agreements made in this regard earlier this year within the European Union, additional expenditure will be made on education, research and technological innovation. Children lay the foundations for the acquisition of knowledge and skills, especially in the early years of education. To prevent disadvantages from developing at a young age, learning and language programs are being developed on a large scale together with schools and municipalities. A good transition to further education is necessary in order to be able to meet the increasing demand on the labor market. Deepening and applying scientific knowledge form the basis for a high-quality society. That is why the government is investing heavily in research and innovation. More resources are being deployed for a faster introduction of computers in education and the connection of schools to the Kennisnet. The influence of the computer and the internet on society is considerable. Technological developments continue at a rapid pace. Many elderly people live, as it were, in the science fiction of their youth. Special attention is paid to citizens who have yet to find the connection to the new information and communication technology. The government will also make even better use of the new technological possibilities. Precisely in a society in which material prosperity is increasing, it is vital to keep an eye on intangible values. Art and culture make an indispensable contribution to the quality of our existence. Accessibility for as many citizens as possible is of great importance. The increasing prosperity causes a high environmental pressure. Global climate change requires national and international agreements and measures to significantly limit greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Science and technology offer new possibilities for the use of alternative energy sources and for sustainable development. The government supports these innovations. Serious environmental problems have arisen in intensive livestock farming in recent years. Renewal of agriculture will have to take place through the application of sustainable farming methods. Those who adapt their business operations in good time can count on accompanying social measures. More people need more space to live, work, move and recreate. Creating the spatial conditions for a high-quality economy and a good living environment requires choices that extend beyond the allocation of scarce space. Nature and landscape make the living environment attractive. It is our constant task to protect and develop them properly. The water quality, the storage of water in view of the level of our major rivers and the subsidence in the west of our country require a lot of attention. Good water management should provide the solution here. Accessibility is increasingly proving to be a precondition for economic expansion and social emancipation. The rapid increase in mobility presents us with the need to reconcile divergent interests and needs. In the recent agreements on the accessibility of the Randstad, this has been given a balanced interpretation. The government will shortly present measures to improve accessibility in other parts of the country as well. Cities must remain vital and liveable and offer a living environment where citizens can feel at home. The government has made agreements with the major cities to further improve this in the coming years. The fireworks disaster in Enschede shocked us all deeply. Great efforts are being made to repair the damage and prepare for reconstruction. This dramatic event has once again made it clear to us how important the safety of the living environment is for everyone. This is about more than just good regulation. Our society cannot function without norms and rules. The government has a direct responsibility for setting rules and supervising their implementation and enforcement. But citizens, social organizations and companies must also be aware of and take responsibility. The government's commitment to increasing security is comprehensive. In the coming period, special attention will be paid to road safety and to preventing and combating violence on the street, juvenile delinquency, environmental offenses and serious crime. Countering cross-border crime, including people smuggling, calls for intensive European cooperation. State-of-the-art techniques, including DNA testing, can be used to detect crimes. In doing so, a careful assessment will always be made between the effectiveness of the investigation and the protection of privacy. The judiciary is making great efforts to improve both the quality and speed of our justice system. The government is relying on a prompt handling of the proposals to modernize the judiciary. The final piece of the criminal law chain is also being adjusted. The government will make proposals to arrive at a simpler and more applicable system of penalties. The aim of the government is to introduce the new Aliens Act in the first half of 2001, with the main aim of shortening the asylum procedure. The new law is also based on a restrictive and fair admission policy. The European agreements on a joint asylum and migration policy should be fleshed out soon. Civic integration as the first step in the integration process is of special significance for migrants and has therefore been made compulsory. Mastering the Dutch language is indispensable for anyone who wants to live and work here. The government, together with all those involved, is committed to providing sufficient civic integration courses. All this requires an open and active attitude from the new Dutch. Our society as a whole should be willing to actually take them in. Mutual respect should be the guiding principle here. In recent years, the demand for facilities has grown faster than capacity in the healthcare sector, resulting in waiting times that are still too long. In order to reduce this, the government is once again making substantial resources available this year and next. Technological developments make it possible to raise medical and nursing care to an ever higher level. The increase in the number of elderly people leads to a greater need for care. To keep our health care system up to date, organizational and financing changes are necessary. The government is therefore preparing a renewal of the health insurance system. The unraveling of the human genome is an appealing example of the far-reaching developments that enable further improvements in food production and medicine. However, they also raise ethical dilemmas. Can we use human embryos for scientific research if this can lead to a cure for life-threatening diseases? For what purposes do we consider genetic modification justified? The government and parliament will exchange views on these and other pressing questions. Enduring values ​​are anchored in our Constitution. It is also a living document in which essential changes in our society find their place. The government attaches great importance to the inclusion of a number of subjects in the Constitution, in particular the corrective referendum. Municipal and provincial democracy will be strengthened. Before the end of this year, the government will make proposals that should lead to a better division of tasks and greater recognisability of local government. The Netherlands Antilles government is implementing an emergency program aimed at sustainable financial, economic and social recovery. It can count on active cooperation with the Netherlands. Perspectives for young people on a good future in the Antilles should improve. In Aruba, economic development is going well. However, attention to the control of government expenditure and to the quality of public administration remains necessary. Europe is no longer a foreign country. Europe is our future, that is where our opportunities lie. Far-reaching steps have been taken in the dynamic process of European cooperation. The establishment of Economic and Monetary Union means that in 2001 the guilder will be our currency for the last year. From 2002, more than 300 million European citizens will pay with the same money, the euro. In this way they become even more directly involved in Europe. The European Union aims to become one of the most dynamic and competitive regions in the world, underpinned by sustainable economic growth, continued high levels of employment and strong social cohesion. The European Union is also increasingly giving substance to its political responsibilities in Europe and in the world. Europe's contribution to crisis management and peace operations needs to be strengthened. The expansion with countries of Central and Eastern Europe is a historic assignment. It offers economic opportunities, for candidate members as well as for current Member States, and anchors democracy and stability across our continent. Thorough preparation for Union membership requires major efforts from the acceding countries. The Netherlands also supports them in this. The prospect of an enlarged Union necessitates treaty changes. It is about guaranteeing unity, improving effectiveness and strengthening democratic legitimacy. The Netherlands is striving to limit the number of subjects on which unanimous decisions are currently made to be limited as much as possible. The new Union Treaty should provide more scope for closer cooperation between Member States. Our foreign policy focuses on the pursuit of human dignity, peace and security and well-being. The extra resources that become available for development cooperation are mainly used multilaterally. Good policy and good governance are indispensable to effectively combat poverty. Developing countries must be able to benefit from the fruits of globalization and global technological progress. The prospect of full participation in the world trading system is desirable. The international community should consider how it can take greater responsibility in preventing and ending conflicts, which particularly afflict the African continent. The United Nations plays a central role in this. The Millennium Summit earlier this month reaffirmed the ideals underlying the world order. On the eve of the celebration of 25 years of independence, the new government in Suriname is faced with major financial, economic and social problems. It wants to tackle this energetically and also strengthen the democratic constitutional state. The Netherlands is positive about the wish to cooperate more closely. The program of the Surinamese government will be normative for the Netherlands in the implementation of this cooperation. An effective NATO and a strong transatlantic bond are indispensable for our security policy. With the deployment of trained and motivated personnel and modern means, the Dutch armed forces make a high-quality contribution to peace operations. In addition, the armed forces provide humanitarian aid and support for reconstruction. For the efforts of all who contribute to it, there is great appreciation. Members of the States General, These years of prosperity offer us good opportunities to shape the future. A future that offers perspective for all and in which social cohesion plays a central role. We are faced with the task of sustainably strengthening the foundations of our society. It is the special task of the government and parliament to contribute to this. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. My Lords! It is pleasing to me to see you together for the resumption of your work.(...) Strong legislative action is urgently needed in many areas. Thus, a hundred years ago, my Grandmother spoke to your predecessors. Members of the States General, The twentieth century was a century of sharp contrasts. Two bloody world wars were fought. By overcoming old contradictions, by seeking cooperation instead of conflict, Western Europe has left the disasters of the past behind. Political stability as well as economic and social progress are the results of ongoing European integration. The awareness of increasing interdependence has been and is at the root of the conviction that more unity is needed in Europe. The Central and Eastern European countries could not participate in this unification for a long time. They were on the other side of the political and ideological divide. Now that these countries have regained the freedom to determine their own destiny as democratic constitutional states, they are seeking to join the process towards greater stability and cooperation in Europe. Creating space for this is one of the major tasks facing the European Union now. The twentieth century was also the era of unprecedented scientific, technological and economic progress. Many have been able to reap the benefits of this. More people have also acquired democratic rights. A larger part of the world's population lives in freedom and prosperity. Yet too many people still do not share enough in this progress, especially elsewhere in the world, but also close by. We must not acquiesce in that. On the threshold of the new century, our country faces special challenges: - Ensuring that the Netherlands continues to participate fully in the globalization of the economy. - Finding a sustainable balance between prosperity growth and preservation of our natural environment. - Investing in knowledge and in people who can handle it responsibly, in the interest of a high-quality society. - Maintaining cohesion in our society in a time of rapid technological and economic developments. - Strengthen solidarity in our society, which is changing age structure and composition. - Adhering to the values ​​and norms that are enshrined in the Constitution and that give stability and direction to our country. The government is responding to these challenges by investing in the quality of society. Involvement of all is necessary, also across national borders. Foreign policy is dominated by the growing interdependence of countries and peoples. Priority is given to strengthening the international legal order, security and justice. That is what we stand for, now also as a member of the Security Council. The United Nations is making an indispensable contribution to the restoration of peaceful relations in East Timor. Efforts by the international community to manage and end conflict elsewhere also have our full support. The European Union is one of the greatest achievements of this century. The common currency - the euro - indicates how far the integration process has progressed. Our future is increasingly determined by Europe's performance. The integration extends to all levels of our domestic administration. Closer European cooperation in the fields of justice and police is beginning to take shape. The Netherlands is committed to agreements on asylum and migration policy. An ever-expanding Union calls for more efficient institutions, more democratic, transparent decision-making and sound financial management. Enlargement of the Union brings an undivided Europe closer. Serious violations of human rights and ethnic cleansing have continued in the former Yugoslavia. With unity, NATO has brought the conflict in Kosovo to an end. The Netherlands has also taken responsibility for this. Our country will make important contributions to international efforts for reconstruction and stability throughout Southeastern Europe. The Dutch armed forces, competently and with great dedication, with more than three thousand men and women participating in peacekeeping operations in the Balkans and elsewhere in the world. A professional and well-equipped defense apparatus is indispensable. That is why the government attaches great importance to the further development of a modern and flexible armed forces. NATO remains the cornerstone of our security policy. The European Union's own responsibility will be given more substance by giving substance to the common security and defense identity. As an expression of our commitment to other countries and peoples, the Netherlands started development aid fifty years ago. Living conditions have improved considerably in many developing countries, mainly at the hands of the countries themselves. The help has contributed to that. The extreme poverty in parts of Africa and elsewhere in the world requires a continuation of international aid efforts. Concentrating bilateral cooperation on a number of countries and sectors increases effectiveness. In international consultations, the Netherlands is committed to improving the quality of multilateral aid, to strengthening the position of developing countries within the world trading system and to further debt relief for the poorest countries. The Dutch economy is strong and resilient and will remain so if we succeed in further reducing the burden on the environment. Production processes and products must be ecologically sound. Experience shows that repairing environmental damage costs considerably more than preventing it. Often this is not just a question of money, but also of careful and responsible decisions. Our commitment today determines the future of generations after us. Space in our country is scarce. Economic expansion entails a greater need for space for industrial estates, housing, infrastructure and recreational areas. A prosperous society also places high demands on the quality of spatial planning. Cities with beautiful monuments, surrounded by cultural landscapes and areas in which nature is given the opportunity to develop, are experienced as valuable. The desire to preserve this diversity forces us to compact our cities - both for living and working - and for the countryside to be varied, with open spaces and a rich, accessible nature. Sustainable forms of activity are necessary for the vitality of the countryside. Guiding choices will be elaborated in the Fifth Memorandum on Spatial Planning. The agricultural sector is facing major reforms. The limits set by the environment leave us no choice. This represents an enormous task, especially for intensive livestock farming. European regulations make it all the more necessary to ensure responsible manure disposal in the short term. The population is making increasing demands on the safety of food and the way in which it is produced. This creates obligations for all those involved in production and trade. Tightening of standards and improvement of controls are both necessary. The spatial planning of the Netherlands is strongly determined by our location. Traditionally, flows of goods converge here and divide again. Our economic and cultural openness and our social stability make our country attractive for investment from abroad. The Netherlands as a meeting place therefore has its own color and dynamics. This results in a great deal of mobility of people and goods, which must be managed in the right direction. The Dutch government therefore pays a lot of attention to high-quality infrastructure. She will continue to do so. The challenge is to reconcile mobility with new sustainability requirements. The share of public transport will increase further, especially in urban areas. The connection of our country to the major international and European traffic networks must remain assured. The main ports of Rotterdam and Schiphol are committed to high-quality knowledge and innovation in order to continue to perform their distribution tasks well. In our society, the importance of communication and electronic exchange of information is increasing rapidly. Communication infrastructure must be high-quality, accessible and reliable. New applications allow the government to improve its services and our business community can remain competitive. New technologies bring about major social, economic and cultural changes. People need to learn how to use computers well. The government enables education to play a key role in this. It is mainly about investing in people. Our society cannot afford to waste available talent. Government, educational institutions, social partners and companies are jointly responsible for creating a climate in which it is challenging to learn and work. The rapid changes in our society place great demands on the adaptability of the citizen. Many people are uncertain about their future, their safety and work, about their possibilities to receive the necessary attention and care at a later age. Strengthening the social infrastructure has a high priority. By investing in work and livelihood security, and in care and safety, the government creates conditions for the active participation of all in society. Employment has developed particularly favorably in recent years. Many people - government and social partners - contributed to this. However, great attention is still required for people who do not yet have a job. Their participation in the labor process is also desirable, for both social and economic reasons. For many, work - including voluntary work - is an important condition for social functioning. Women and men are looking for a better work-life balance. More freedom of choice increases the possibilities for economic independence and makes it easier for people to take care of their loved ones. The number of sick and incapacitated persons on benefits is high. Special efforts are needed to prevent people from leaving the labor process prematurely and not being able to return to it. In a renewed, client-friendly implementing organization for social security and employment, the importance of prevention and reintegration is paramount. Determining entitlement to social benefits remains a public responsibility. People are willing to pay a lot for good health. Those who are disabled or have a chronic illness also strive for the highest possible quality of life. Investments in healthcare are aimed at allowing the progress of science and technology to benefit patients. Collaboration between healthcare institutions, insurers, healthcare professionals, patient organizations and government is necessary for further improvements in healthcare. Funding and good regulation are essential, but not sufficient. It is necessary to continue to work together on efficient and flexible care in which the patient is central. This is the only way to reduce waiting lists and workload. Every person also bears responsibility for promoting health: a healthy lifestyle can prevent many modern diseases of affluence. The composition of the Dutch population is changing rapidly. The proportion of ethnic minorities is steadily growing. Integration of new groups of fellow citizens is necessary. Education and the reduction of high unemployment among ethnic minorities promote independence. Commonly felt and accepted values ​​and norms are a precondition for social cohesion in our society. We live together as free citizens, with rights and obligations and with respect for each other's views. Citizens and government must remain alert to expressions of racism and discrimination. Problems are accumulating in some neighborhoods of our big cities: early school leaving, long-term unemployment, crime and aggression, social exclusion. Improving the living climate in cities is central to building a stronger socio-economic base for our country. Problem neighborhoods must be given the opportunity to develop into areas in which residents can work, live and live well. Protection of persecuted and displaced persons remains the basic principle of the immigration policy. It is proposed to amend the Aliens Act, so that a decision can be given earlier about the right to stay here for the time being. Rapid clarity is in the interest of all concerned. A shorter time in reception and earlier access to the labor market will improve the position of those who rightly claim protection. Rejected asylum seekers can no longer claim benefits and must leave the country. For a socially strong country, security is of vital importance. People should be able to feel safe. In the perception of too many citizens, security is still insufficient. This places high demands on the police, who are asked to be effective and honest, present and decisive. The government has decided to make extra resources available for the performance of police duties. Crime changes with developments in our society. For this reason, too, new methods are needed in the enforcement of law and public order. The government will be given more powers to combat fraud and money laundering, investigate criminal offenses and tackle violence in the street. In the coalition agreement, an amount - up to more than nine billion guilders - has been made available for new policy for labor participation, education, care, poverty reduction, safety, infrastructure and the environment. These priorities will be worked out in more detail in next year's budget and additional resources have also been included, especially for social care, youth policy and education. An amount of approximately one billion guilders will be made available for easing the burden. In order to stimulate the labor supply and to support a responsible wage development, the flat rate for labor costs will be increased further. Employment is also boosted by a reduction in the VAT rate on labour-intensive services. The whole of tax and contribution measures makes it possible to achieve a balanced development of income. Special attention is paid to the income position of the early disabled. The financing gap is expected to reach half a percent of GDP next year. The debt-to-GDP ratio is also falling faster than previously forecast. A sound financial and economic policy is still required. With the proposed revision of our tax system as of 1 January 2001, the government aims to strengthen the economic structure and employment and take better account of environmental requirements. In this way, the tax system is tailored to the 21st century. Good public governance inspires active citizenship. It stimulates involvement in the public good. Reciprocity and trust strengthen the foundation of a constitutional state that will also be resilient in the next century. The foundations of our democracy require constant maintenance. The decline in voter turnout is a cause for concern. New possibilities that technology offers us are being explored, but these will never be able to replace the personal commitment of people. The government continues to strive for the establishment of a legally regulated corrective referendum. Clear legislation and wise restraint in regulation are important conditions for a well-functioning market in a society that is becoming increasingly critical and complex. The quality of the rule of law places high demands on the government and the judiciary. The rapidly changing society requires that we all constantly adapt to new demands and circumstances. The government must set general rules, guarantee safety and offer protection where necessary. It must maintain its own standards and values ​​and must also be able to hold others accountable. The government is of and for society and guarantees the rule of law. The accessibility and approachability of the government are improved with a one-stop-shop approach. In this way, citizens can also be better guided through the forest of authorities and regulations. The use of possibilities offered by modern information and communication technology It must maintain its own standards and values ​​and must also be able to hold others accountable. The government is of and for society and guarantees the rule of law. The accessibility and approachability of the government are improved with a one-stop-shop approach. In this way, citizens can also be better guided through the forest of authorities and regulations. The use of possibilities offered by modern information and communication technology It must maintain its own standards and values ​​and must also be able to hold others accountable. The government is of and for society and guarantees the rule of law. The accessibility and approachability of the government are improved with a one-stop-shop approach. In this way, citizens can also be better guided through the forest of authorities and regulations. The use of possibilities offered by modern information and communication technologyhe offers us serves that purpose. The government must make clear what it is doing, why and how. This requires good interaction and trust between those responsible for politics and their administrative apparatus. Transparency and accountability are indispensable for this. Integrity and trust in responsibility are central to the functioning of the civil service. Also within the context of the Kingdom, the quality of the public domain deserves special attention. The Netherlands Antilles government is faced with the task of dealing with serious financial, economic and social problems. Good results have been achieved in Aruba in putting the public finances in order. The emphasis is now on improving the quality of public administration. In the context of the Kingdom, consultations are held on proposals to modernize the cooperative relationship. Members of the States General, At the end of this century a balance can be drawn up. Much good has been accomplished in the Netherlands. Many have contributed to that. Aware of our strengths and with an open eye for our weaknesses, this gives us confidence for the future. In the new century too, it will be necessary to invest jointly in the quality of our society and in international cooperation. The government continues to strive for a strong economy and a vibrant society. It wants to do that together with you, with the other governments and with all citizens. I sincerely wish that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. In this time of unprecedented technological developments and blurring borders, it is once again clear how interdependent countries and peoples are. The world seems to be getting smaller and smaller. Far-reaching political, economic and social changes elsewhere also affect our country. Conflicts and unrest quickly permeate daily life. In this uncertainty, we must increase our resilience and reduce our vulnerability by continuing to invest with conviction in everything that can promote cohesion and balance. In this way we can also, together with other countries, make our contribution to stability in the world. The need for close cooperation with our European partners is greater than ever. A balanced, A resilient society is characterized by good relations between citizens and government, by tolerance between citizens and between population groups. Differences give color to society, but should not lead to unbridgeable distances. Community spirit and personal responsibility are both needed to respond to the major issues and challenges of our time. Many of the resolutions for the coming year focus on sustainability, stability and cooperation. Citizens must continue to be able to count on an active, responsible and reliable government. The quality of governance, legislation and justice is receiving renewed attention and is geared to today's requirements. As early as this autumn, the government, in close cooperation with the judiciary, will start to better equip the incumbent magistracy. Public administration is subject to change. It should be more transparent for citizens, it should work quickly and carefully and its performance should be better able to be tested. The government will take initiatives to strengthen municipal democracy. A state commission will be set up this month and will issue advice by the end of next year on how to give shape to more dualism. It also examines how a possible introduction of the elected mayor would relate to a dual system. The government will soon submit a proposal to amend the Municipalities Act to allow greater influence from citizens on the appointment of the mayor. Safety concerns the entire community. A safer Netherlands requires more than just greater efforts by the police and the judiciary. Integrated security plans - drawn up and implemented by government, citizens, companies and social institutions - express this. The increase in police and judicial resources will go hand in hand with a more effective use of the capacity already available. Responsibility for the central management of the police will lie with the Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. The Minister of Justice remains responsible for law enforcement. All government departments are responsible for cohesion in our society. A new administrative agreement with municipalities and provinces will strengthen the basis for this. Much attention is needed for the position of young people. Fortunately, most young people are doing well. But there are also serious problems. High priority will be given to a coherent, effective approach to juvenile crime. Close cooperation between the judiciary and local government is paramount. A new Youth Care Act is being prepared to improve the functioning of youth facilities. The increasing violence on the street affects us all. The government and municipalities are making every effort to reverse this worrying development. Experience has since shown that there is a great social willingness to join forces in working on solutions. Dutch society shows an increasingly wide variety of cultures, religions and ethnic groups. This is especially reflected in our cities. The city must be attractive to live in for all population groups. New agreements will be made in 1999 aimed at strengthening the social and economic infrastructure and improving the living environment in our cities. Extra money will be made available for this. In order to restore vitality and quality of life, the active involvement of companies, social organizations and citizens is indispensable. Due to instability elsewhere in the world, many people are displaced and displaced. In the course of the coming budget year, the government will submit proposals to you to amend the Aliens Act, with due observance of international treaty obligations. The basic principle is that procedures will be shortened, while continuing a strict and fair asylum policy. Prolonged uncertainty is in no one's interest. Persons who have been established that they are not allowed to stay lawfully in the Netherlands must leave our country as soon as possible. In case of admission, all efforts should be focused on integration. Culture is of great value to society as a whole as well as to individual citizens and can contribute to integration and cohesion in our society. Cultural education is therefore given a more important place in education. Media and culture can mutually reinforce each other. New demands and responsibilities that the information society entails also require an answer in media policy. A knowledge-intensive society such as the Netherlands makes it desirable for everyone to be able to keep their knowledge and skills up to date. The government will make a strong contribution to this. In education, special attention will continue to be paid to preventing and combating disadvantage. It is the task of education to increase quality and create opportunities. The government will invest more in this. This is expressed in a further reduction of classes in primary education. Extra money is being made available for secondary and vocational education. Next year, financial scope will be provided for the further introduction of information and communication technology in schools. Computers will be placed in libraries to give more citizens the opportunity to learn how to use them. Good teacher training and adequate employment conditions are prerequisites for high-quality education. The government will make proposals on job differentiation and modernization of industrial relations. Economic policy offers scope for decisive entrepreneurship and encourages sustainability and innovation. Only a healthy and competitive business community is sufficiently able to adapt to new economic and technological developments in good time. The consequences of the information society are far-reaching. Traditional relationships are changing and require a new way of learning and working. These developments can offer new opportunities not only to existing companies, but also to start-ups. 1999 is the last year in which computers can be made ready for the turn of the century. The government will do everything in its power to avoid hindering the performance of public duties. The business community will also have to tackle the millennium problem creatively and energetically. From 1 January next, our guilder will be inextricably linked to the new common European currency, the euro. The convergence achieved between the different economies offers confidence that the euro will have a solid foundation. The completion of Economic and Monetary Union spurred us on to further cooperation and integration in other areas. Due to the favorable economic development, Due to the policies pursued and the constructive attitude of the social partners, employment growth has been much higher in recent years than previously expected. Employment will also increase in 1999, albeit less spectacularly. Registered unemployment is expected to fall below 5 percent. This has not happened since 1980. However, the risks are clearly greater than in recent years, as the economic outlook for important parts of the world deteriorates. This calls for caution. We must not jeopardize the favorable socio-economic results of recent years. Responsible wage development remains of the utmost importance in view of continued employment growth. In consultation with the social partners, the government will consider how employees and job seekers can be better equipped for the changing labor market. The position of older employees in particular deserves a lot of attention. The government deficit is expected to be 1.3 percent in 1999. A further decline is possible in the coming years, certainly if economic growth is better than expected. Government debt is still too high. Additional resources will be made available for important social priorities in the coming years. In total, the budget proposals offer additional scope of more than NLG 2.5 billion. The budget also provides for savings. Due to, among other things, greater efficiency in the performance of public tasks, a spending cut of almost €1 can be achieved next year. 5 billion guilders are reached. Due to the need to bring the capital position of the social funds up to standard, some tax increases are unfortunately inevitable next year. Nevertheless, the outlook for purchasing power development is generally positive. The introduction of a new tax rate will provide additional support for the lowest incomes. In addition, wider resources are available for vulnerable groups. The government continues to vigorously fight poverty and social exclusion. Too many of the long-term unemployed find it difficult to find their way into the labor market. In order to offer them guidance where possible, a start will be made in 1999 with the so-called comprehensive approach, which aims to make an offer of work or training to all job seekers. The Extra Employment Long-Term Unemployed scheme is being expanded in important parts. In order to achieve a better balance between care and work, social participation and leisure for men and women, the government will submit a Labor and Care Framework Act. Priority will be given to a conditional statutory right to part-time work. Personal, social and economic interests reinforce each other in a modern emancipation policy. Childcare and after-school care will receive an important financial boost in the coming years. A bill for Basic Childcare is being prepared. Both economic growth and the increasing size of the population affect our environment. The government aims to reduce the pressure on the environment, even with continued growth in production and consumption. New agreements with companies are needed on environmentally friendly technology, energy-efficient products, reuse of materials and reduction of waste. Compliance with environmental laws will be closely monitored. The emission of greenhouse gases poses a difficult task for the Netherlands, as well as other countries. Achieving the agreed reduction targets will require a greater effort in energy conservation and renewable energy. The regulatory energy tax will be increased in three steps from next year. The proceeds are funneled back to citizens and businesses. Part of this is used to encourage companies to save energy. In addition, a scheme is being prepared that will make the purchase of energy-efficient equipment more attractive for citizens. The government is making extra money available for sustainable energy, in particular for a faster introduction of solar energy. The growth of the economy leads to a greater use of the scarce space in our country. Before the end of this year, the government will present you with an outline for the future layout of the Netherlands. The tension between the need for space for the individual citizen and the desire to preserve the collective values ​​of nature and landscape is becoming increasingly tangible. The pressure on agriculture is great, partly because the social functions of the rural area are valued differently. In the first half of 1999, the main points of the policy in the areas of agriculture, livestock and nature will be formulated. The aim is to give a new impulse to the vitality of our countryside. Mobility is increasing rapidly. This presents us all with serious problems. Traffic jams entail high costs and also cause annoyance. The government is making large sums available for improving the hinterland connections and the accessibility of our economic centers. This autumn you can expect further proposals for the allocation of the resources that have been reserved for this purpose. The first road pricing trials will start shortly. Investing in new transport systems is necessary and also economically attractive. The government considers it of great value that as much understanding and support as possible is obtained for decisions about important infrastructural works. A memorandum on national traffic and transport policy is being prepared in collaboration with other authorities and social groups. Within a few months, the government will present its insights to you regarding a possible wider use of Schiphol in the longer term. The government will also formulate its intentions this year regarding a possible additional location to accommodate the growth of aviation. In doing so, the preconditions of the environment, health and safety are taken into account. Health is a great asset. Although our health care system is of high quality, improvements are needed. More money will be made available for the healthcare sector, allowing the volume to grow by more than 2 percent per year. Clear choices are still needed about where and how the money will be spent. Emphasis is placed on care for the elderly and disabled and on home care. Improving quality, reduction of workload and shortening of waiting times are central. In close cooperation, the responsibilities of the government and the healthcare sector itself will be given substance. This is the core of the new administrative agreements envisaged by the government. The scheme regarding personal contributions for the health insurance fund will be withdrawn with effect from 1 January 1999, as will the access contribution for home care and for parental and child care. In order to control the costs of the medicines, a series of measures will be taken aimed at quality, cost-effectiveness and efficiency. An action plan will be sent to you this autumn. People are reaching a higher age than before and remain healthy and vital longer. It is highly desirable that the elderly participate actively in society for as long as possible. This also strengthens the bond between the generations. More money is being earmarked for sports policy. The social importance of sport is visible in many activities. Amateur sport as the basis of sports practice will be further stimulated. The government will send you a policy memorandum on top sport this autumn. The Netherlands wishes to continue to contribute to the maintenance of the international legal order. The designation of The Hague as the seat of the International Criminal Court to be established is a token of appreciation for the Dutch efforts. Unfortunately, stability and security are not certainties for everyone. Every day we are confronted with conflicts through the media; close to Europe, but also further away. Only together with other countries can the Netherlands contribute to a world that is more stable and safer. The government expresses the hope that the Amsterdam Treaty will be approved by you soon. This is necessary to be able to proceed to the next steps in the integration process and to provide a good response to the challenges of the next century. The European Union must adapt to this in good time. It is very important that the enlargement of the Union is prepared energetically and carefully. It is necessary to adapt the common agricultural policy, the Structural Funds policy and the way in which the Union is financed. Negotiations will require a great deal of creativity and energy. Our peace and security is guaranteed by the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, which will celebrate its 50th anniversary in April 1999 and will welcome three new Member States on that occasion. NATO remains essential in the prevention and containment of conflicts that threaten international security. The transatlantic ties are also of special value in other areas. You will receive a letter at the beginning of next year with the basic principles for the new Defense Memorandum. This will discuss the size, structure and equipment of our armed forces. Major efforts are still needed to improve the vulnerable position of the world's poorest people. Structural poverty alleviation is the central objective of Dutch cooperation with developing countries. This involves encouraging participation by the people themselves, priority to basic services such as education and health care, economical use of natural resources and good governance. Constant attention to aid effectiveness is required. The Netherlands remains committed to strengthening the position of developing countries in the global economy. The Dutch government attaches great importance to the further development of constructive relations with the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. The government of the Netherlands Antilles is faced with the difficult task of tackling the worrying financial and economic problems. The role of the International Monetary Fund is of great importance in this regard. Improving the quality of public administration and law enforcement deserve explicit attention in all three countries of the Kingdom. Members of the States General, the foundation of a democratic society is formed by trust between citizens and government and between citizens themselves. Changes, near and far, place high demands on our resilience and the ability to maintain and strengthen cohesion in our society. Government and representatives of the people have a special task in this regard. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. Thanks to the efforts of many, our country has made significant progress in recent years, both socially and economically. The outlook for 1998 is favourable. We all have the task of further strengthening the basis for well-being and prosperity. Continued employment growth and promotion of social and economic participation by all citizens are paramount. The restoration of public finances and the sustainable strengthening of the economic structure must be continued. However, there can be no question of a vital economy if the quality of our living environment is insufficiently guaranteed. Working on the future also means investing in people, in their knowledge and skills, in good education, and thus in opportunities to participate in society. The number of people on social benefits is falling. Employment continues to grow strongly. By the end of next year, almost half a million people are expected to be in paid work more than four years ago. Among them are many immigrants. Nevertheless, it remains necessary to further increase participation in the labor market, especially for those with little education or insufficient work experience. The possibilities for partially occupationally disabled people to reintegrate will be expanded, also through measures in the field of social security. The position of older workers also deserves attention. The premature exclusion of people is socially distressing and, in light of the coming aging of the population, economically less and less responsible. Wider education and training opportunities and the fight against age discrimination will offer older people the opportunity to participate in the labor process for longer. The division of labor and care between men and women is still unbalanced. Sufficient, accessible childcare, also for school-age children, will improve the ability of women to realize their choice for economic independence. The further reduction in the national budget deficit in 1998 and the reduction in the debt ratio are of more than numerical significance. The decrease in interest expenditure that this makes possible creates financial scope for new priorities. The favorable economic situation makes it possible to reserve large amounts for the future now. With a view to our old-age provision, a substantial contribution is made to the AOW pension. In addition, funds are earmarked for financing necessary investments in infrastructure in the broad sense. Significant tax cuts will again be implemented next year. For citizens, this means, among other things, a reduction in all taxes and contributions and a discount on municipal environmental taxes. Partly as a result of these measures, almost all groups of the population will improve in purchasing power. Older people with only AOW or with a small supplementary pension receive an extra benefit. Purchasing power support promotes continued responsible wage development. The transition from benefits to work is tax-supported. Labor costs at the lower end of the labor market will be further reduced. Reducing the burden on companies is also aimed at economic innovation, improving the environment and promoting education and training. The rapidly advancing internationalization and the disappearance of the European internal borders make structural adjustments to our tax system necessary. The objectives are to make labor cheaper, to increase economic dynamism and to stimulate environmentally conscious behaviour. The government will shortly submit a memorandum exploring the main features of a new system. The favorable socio-economic developments are partly due to the stable labor relations in our country. A feature of our consultation system is that, while recognizing divergent interests and retaining individual responsibilities, we look for ways to realize the common interest. The government is confident that consultations will allow us to continue working in the coming years to resolve the important social and economic issues facing us. The spatial-economic structure of our country will continue to demand our attention in the coming years. How will we earn our national income, where will it be possible and under what circumstances? Far-reaching choices will be necessary with regard to the lack of space in the seaport of Rotterdam, the future of aviation in the Netherlands and the economic vitality of the large cities. This concerns investments in the physical infrastructure, spatial quality and the urban living climate, but also investments in knowledge. Preserving open spaces and landscapes, a well-maintained built heritage and a healthy living environment are conditions within which plans for living, working and transport will have to fit. The programs for the accessibility of the large cities, the improvement of public transport and the influencing of transport flows are also part of this consideration. Recent research shows that, despite the growing economy, pressure on the environment is declining in many areas. The efforts of recent years are therefore bearing fruit. To sustain this development and achieve further improvements, additional efforts will be required, both at home and abroad. In the first place, these will have to be aimed at developing products and processes that place less burden on the environment. When the environmental costs are better reflected in the prices of goods and services, the search for environmentally friendly solutions will be stimulated. The basis for this policy is laid down in the 'Environment and Economy' memorandum. CO2 emissions are a separate problem. More economic growth still leads to higher CO2 emissions. We should not resign ourselves to this, because the consequences for the climate are too serious. It is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Agreements should be made to this end at the world climate conference in Japan at the end of this year. The Netherlands, together with other European countries, has made far-reaching proposals for this. The promotion of investment in clean technology in less prosperous countries is of increasing importance. This often means that much more favorable environmental effects can be achieved at the same cost. Healthcare in the Netherlands is of a high standard. This is of great importance for individuals and for our society as a whole. Expenses for care are not just costs; they also have great social and economic value. The tension between the growing demand for care and the need for cost control will remain a topical issue in the coming years. Average life expectancy continues to rise. However, there is still a need to reduce differences in health between population groups. More jobs in the healthcare sector contribute to better patient care, shorter waiting lists and a decrease in workload. In 1998 more staff will be appointed in nursing and care homes and in home care. In addition, resources are being made available to reduce the workload and waiting lists in the disabled sector. The increasing number of young people who are living an unhealthy lifestyle is worrying: they smoke more, use more alcohol and drugs and do too little physical activity. An age limit of 18 years will be proposed for the purchase of tobacco products and alcohol. Information about the health risks of drug use and the fight against drug trafficking remain necessary. Concerns about an unhealthy lifestyle bring even more emphasis to the importance of sports. Sport is a source of inspiration for many. Exercising together can promote the integration of minorities. The 'Sport, Tolerance and Fairplay' campaign is aimed at the fight against discrimination and intolerance. Primary school lays the foundation for the further development of our children. With effect from the start of the school year that has just started, the government has given the first impetus for smaller classes in the lower years of primary school, in implementation of the memorandum 'Education to measure'. The new examination programs of VBO and MAVO give children better access to further education. It is essential that education matches the talents and ambitions of students and that it takes into account the demands of the labor market. Extra resources are being deployed to help prevent young people from leaving school without a diploma. Knowledge must be maintained. Learning therefore has a natural place in life, alongside work, household and leisure. The results of the knowledge debate will be converted into the national program 'Lifelong learning'. The fruits of science and technology largely determine the quality of tomorrow's society. Research therefore has special attention. The use of the computer in the school will play a greater role. A relatively large number of older people work in education. Extra measures are taken to make use of the knowledge, commitment and experience of older teachers and to continue to use them in an appropriate way in education. An open society in which changes take effect quickly offers many attractive opportunities for development and growth, but can also lead to the social exclusion of people who cannot keep up. Two years ago, the government made a strong appeal to citizens, companies and civil society organizations to face issues of social exclusion and poverty together with the various governments - sometimes experienced in silence - and to tackle them unitedly. This issue is now receiving widespread attention. In a society that shows economic progress, there should be no social stagnation or decline. Promoting labor participation remains paramount. A paid job often offers new opportunities and a way out of social isolation. But not only paid work is important, social participation also counts. Volunteering strengthens cohesion in our society. The income position of low-income citizens will be improved through a series of measures. In addition to an increase in purchasing power almost across the board, the government has made a large-scale release of financial resources for targeted income support. On 1 July last, the individual housing benefit for many households increased even more. Every effort will be made to ensure that people who are entitled to this benefit are actually reached. The budget for special assistance will be considerably expanded. As a result, municipalities are enabled to pursue a more targeted policy and to provide more tailor-made solutions. The organization of the police has been strengthened in recent years. National and regional investigation teams regularly show good results. Nevertheless, safety remains a concern. Crime is decreasing, but not nearly enough. Further strengthening of the quality of the Public Prosecution Service and the police is necessary. An evaluation of some main characteristics of the police system is foreseen. It will also be examined to what extent police education needs substantial changes. Juvenile crime requires special attention. It is very important that young people are offered a future perspective. They must be able to receive education and have sufficient chance of work. In addition to the general employment and education policy, the special reception projects, aimed at training and work effort for vulnerable young people, will be expanded. When derailments occur, quick and consistent action by the police and the judiciary is the only correct answer. In the policy for the benefit of large cities, the central government and municipalities, together with companies and social organizations, are committed to strengthening economic activity, employment and social cohesion in districts and neighbourhoods. Civic integration programs are being implemented on a large scale to promote the integration of newcomers. The safety and improvement of the living environment should also be mentioned here; a responsibility on which police, fire brigade and city guards can work with all the more effectively if they can count on the active support and involvement of all citizens. Central to the administrative organization are the quality of public administration at municipal, provincial and national level and good democratic control. In a dynamic society, law and justice form an important anchor. The appeal to justice is increasing. The judicial organization should be able to cope with the demands that will be placed on it in the coming period. The changes required for this are subject to further consideration. Access to justice must be guaranteed. That is why measures have been taken in the area of ​​funded legal aid. Application of immigration law entails delicate considerations. Anyone who submits an application to reside in the Netherlands is entitled to a careful assessment that leads to clarity within a reasonable period of time. The implementing organization is better equipped for this. Cultural life shows a multitude of flourishing activities and initiatives that can count on a growing interest. The government has decided to lower the VAT rate for the performing arts. This promotes accessibility. In order to preserve and acquire important works of art for the Netherlands, a start is being made with a purchase fund. On January 1, 1998, the structure of the public broadcaster will be adjusted. The aim is to increase decisiveness while retaining versatility. This autumn, the outlines of a new concession law for public broadcasting will be presented. Dutch agriculture and horticulture has managed to maintain its strong competitive position through innovation and by responding well to international developments, as well as to consumer wishes. However, these positive developments are overshadowed by the swine fever problem. It is recognized both within and outside the sector that a healthy and sustainable perspective can only be created in pig farming through major efforts. These efforts are unfortunately inevitable in the interests of farmers, workers in the sector and their families. Preventing the outbreak of new animal diseases, the quality of our environment and animal welfare are central to the adjustments envisaged by the government. European cooperation remains vital for the future of our country. Some important steps have been taken with the Amsterdam Treaty, which will shortly be submitted to you for approval. Cooperation in the field of police and justice and the movement of persons will be expanded. Economic and monetary integration must be accompanied by a convincing approach to the serious employment problems within the Union. This coherence has been given shape in the Treaty of Amsterdam. The foundation has also been laid for opening negotiations for the accession of new Member States to the Union. Enlargement of the European Union is of great importance for the political, economic and social future of Europe. In the coming year, important decisions will be taken on the final stage of Economic and Monetary Union. The government remains committed to strict application of the agreements laid down in the Maastricht Treaty. This is necessary to realize the important benefits that are being pursued with the currency union. The disappearance of old dividing lines within Europe is of inestimable importance for the development of stability, democracy and prosperity. The enlargement of NATO and the strengthening of relations with countries that do not or will not accede yet are part of the new relations that have emerged on our continent after 1989. The Middle East peace process is at a serious stalemate. The government condemns all forms of violence and terror. Respecting the peace agreements and international law is essential for restoring trust between Israelis and Palestinians. The pursuit of a democratic, multi-ethnic state in Bosnia and Herzegovina is met with heavy opposition. International support and pressure remain necessary for peace and reconciliation. There, but also elsewhere in the world, the Dutch armed forces participate intensively in peace operations. The experiences with these operations as well as the evaluation of the armed forces in the new form will be incorporated in an update of the Priority Memorandum. The world community will have to remain committed to democracy and human rights. The Dutch government sees it as a priority to contribute to this, as much as possible together with the European partners. The Netherlands supports the plans to establish an international criminal court to try war crimes and other gross violations of human rights. For many developing countries, the basis for continued economic growth has been laid in the recent period of adjustment. Dutch policy will respond to this by increasing support to the private sector and by stimulating investment. A fixed part of the resources is used to improve the living environment and support sustainability. Despite economic progress, many still live in deep poverty. Armed conflicts, both in Africa and Asia, exacerbate this situation. Millions of people have been displaced. Poverty reduction remains the main goal of our policy. In addition, peace aid is provided to manage and where possible prevent conflicts. The governments of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba are confronted with major and complex problems, in particular with regard to the soundness of public finances, the development of the economy and the fight against cross-border crime. These problems often exceed the possibilities of the individual countries and cooperation within the kingdom relationship is required, with respect for each other's autonomy and responsibility. Members of the States General, The foundations of our society are laid down in our state structure, our parliamentary democracy and respect for people's fundamental rights. In the coming year, special attention will be paid to this in the commemorations of the recognition of the Netherlands as a separate state with the Peace of Munster, the constitution of 1848, which laid the foundation for our parliamentary democracy, and the Universal Declaration of the Rights of the Man. Much has been achieved through the efforts and work of generation to generation. We all now have a duty to contribute and work for the future. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. The future of Europe is our future. Peace and security, as well as prosperity and stability, require the broader framework that Europe offers us. In the first half of next year, the Netherlands will have a special responsibility as President of the European Union. The Union will be faced with a test of strength in the coming years. The revision of the Maastricht Treaty is imminent. Soon thereafter, Economic and Monetary Union will begin. The European Union is preparing for the accession of new Member States. All this directly affects the citizens. To increase their influence on the process of European integration, further democratization of decision-making is required. The government sees it as its task to continue to contribute to European cooperation and to guarantee our country a solid place within the European Union after the turn of the century. A strong economic expansion is indispensable for this. Current developments are encouraging. Both in 1996 and next year, economic growth is expected for the Netherlands that will exceed the average for the countries in the European Union. The same applies to employment: in 1997 more than 100,000 jobs will be added again. This will not only accommodate the growing labor supply, but also reduce the number of unemployed. For the first time in a quarter of a century, the total number of benefit recipients and pensioners is declining, despite the aging population. There will be some easing of the tax burden next year for both citizens and businesses. By fully applying the link, and through a combination of social and fiscal measures, purchasing power for large groups of workers and benefit recipients will be maintained. This also supports a continued moderation of labor costs, which is of great importance for more employment. The employer's contributions for employees with an income at or just above the minimum wage level will be further reduced. For example, more jobseekers with a low level of education will be able to be involved in the labor process. The health of public finances is progressing well. The estimated financing gap and the decline in the debt ratio give confidence in the Netherlands' participation in EMU from the start of 1999. The economic recovery has been made possible in part by the way in which the social partners have shown responsibility over the years. The policy, for which many have sacrificed, is now bearing fruit. However, these favorable developments should not lead to complacency. The government wants to stick to the chosen course in order to meet the challenges facing our country. In twenty years' time, the Netherlands will have eighteen million inhabitants, more than two million more than now. There will also have to be enough work for that larger population. Citizens should be able to live move and recreate in a clean and safe environment. That is an enormous task for a country where labor participation is still relatively low, space is limited and the environment is heavily burdened. To achieve truly sustainable development, economic growth, strengthening competitiveness and increasing employment must go hand in hand with careful management of the environment, space and nature. This requires a clear reinforcement of the quality of our infrastructure in the broadest sense of the word: economic capacity, spatial planning, knowledge and social cohesion. Consistency of policy and sufficient coordination with changes in society are both necessary, as well as responsible integration within the financial possibilities. It is of the utmost importance to remove obstacles to effective public administration at all levels. In order to improve accessibility and to prevent traffic congestion from reaching unacceptable levels, the government is making significant amounts available up to the year 2000 for rail, road and water transport, as well as for urban and regional transport. The improvement of hinterland connections will be accelerated. The metropolitan areas will have more resources at their disposal to improve accessibility. In anticipation of the introduction of road pricing, the costs of car use will be made more dependent on the number of kilometers driven. To this end, an increase is proposed in the excise duty on motor fuels from 1 July next year, with a simultaneous reduction of the motor vehicle tax. A possible next step in this direction will be considered in the preparation of the 1998 budget in the light of developments in our neighboring countries. Economic growth and environmental improvement can and should go hand in hand. The emission of a large number of harmful substances has decreased in absolute terms in recent years; that's encouraging. However, CO2 emissions are still increasing; this is worrying. Therefore, an additional effort is required in the short term. The government will present you this autumn a package of measures that will lead to a structural reduction of CO2 emissions. The policy continues to focus on achieving the absolute reduction in CO2 emissions that is so necessary. Investing in green infrastructure is essential for a high-quality living, working and living environment. In the agricultural sector, rapidly changing market conditions and environmental protection require radical changes. The government is supporting this process of unavoidable adjustments. The well-being of citizens requires more than sustainable economic support, however important it may be. There is also a great need for security and safety, knowledge and education, as well as for social cohesion. As a result of various measures and a favorable labor market, the use of social security is falling. As a result, the amount and duration of benefits become requirements that a modern and sustainable social security system must meet in the long term. The system must be sufficiently geared to more flexible labor relations and the pursuit of economic independence. Where necessary, it should act as a safety net and where possible encourage integration in the labor process. The aging population that awaits us in the coming decades makes this all the more necessary. The government has opted to guarantee the AOW as a full basic pension, now and in the future. Based on this responsibility, it wants to promote that there is sufficiently broad support for the financing of the increasing AOW expenditure. Government support for pension arrangements between employers and employees remains indispensable. However, the government considers a limited austerity necessary. In addition, it proposes broadening individual options within the pension system. In public health, the tension between the ever-increasing demand for care and the need for cost control continues to be felt. In addition to the volume growth agreed in the coalition agreement, room has been made for 1997 to remove acute bottlenecks in home care, which are increasingly being called upon. More financial resources are also being made available for new medicines that are of major medical importance. It is proposed to increase tobacco taxes to discourage smoking, especially among young people. The system of personal contributions in the healthcare sector is being expanded. In conjunction with this, the nominal health insurance premium will be reduced. Public housing policy continues to be aimed at providing sufficient affordable and good housing for all groups of the population. The percentage of the notional rental value in the income tax will be reduced. The individual housing benefit will be increased even more for single people and families with a low income. Knowledge and information are of great importance for a strong and sustainable economy as well as for full participation in society. The knowledge debate initiated by the government appeals to citizens, companies and social organizations to think about the meaning of knowledge in our rapidly changing society. Investments in research and development are given a financial boost. This also applies to top research. The Cultuurnota places great emphasis on involving young people in cultural life in all its diversity. The link between education and cultural institutions will be strengthened in order to contribute to cultural education in schools. The cooperation between vocational education and companies in the region is growing. This process will be further promoted with the introduction of a new tax facility. This makes it more attractive to combine work and study in higher vocational education. Primary education must match the possibilities of pupils. This continues to ask a lot of teachers. Teaching assistants have been appointed to support them. Additional facilities will improve the ability of children with disabilities to follow regular education. The government considers it of great value that problems of young people at home, at school and on the street are recognized in conjunction. Facing serious problems during parenting early and supporting parents can help prevent derailment or criminal behavior later in life. Security, affection and safety are essential for the proper development of children. A great deal of care is rightly taken in our pluralistic society, so that the majority of our young people can grow up without too many problems. However, some of them do need help. In order to provide for this, the capacity of youth care services will be increased next year. Although more and more women have a paid job, it appears that work and care responsibilities are still unevenly distributed. The employment rate is particularly low among women with little education. The government will take initiatives to support the economic independence of women and a better distribution of care responsibilities and paid work. Social cohesion is vital for the functioning of our society. Many measures to combat poverty and social exclusion have already been taken. A special tax deduction will be introduced for single elderly people with a modest income. Long-term and intensive efforts by government and social groups remain necessary to enable wider participation in paid employment and training and to lift people out of social isolation. The temporary arrangement for out-of-school care for children of single parents with social assistance benefits will be legally based. The facilities for the shelter of the homeless are being expanded. Social inclusion should also include citizens who are unable to participate in the labor market. Group activities such as artistic expressions and sports can make an important contribution to social integration, in addition to the intrinsic value they have for the individual. Social cohesion only really exists if people from different cultural backgrounds actually live together. Additional resources have been made available to the larger cities to support the integration process. A joint effort by the government and social partners is required to achieve a broader integration of immigrants in the labor process. In the field of aliens policy, it is always important to keep the right balance in mind: procedures must be fast, but also careful. Those whose application to stay in the Netherlands has been rejected will have to be able to return to their country of origin in a responsible manner. The fight against discrimination and intolerance in society must remain our focus. The campaign initiated by the Netherlands for fair play and tolerance in sport and the forthcoming European Year against Racism provide a powerful stimulus. Maintaining security is one of the government's core tasks. Priority is given to combating and preventing juvenile delinquency and all kinds of nuisance and crime as a result of drug use and drug trafficking. The police and the judiciary will strengthen the criminal justice approach to crime. The police will be further expanded. The application of intrusive investigative methods will be regulated more strictly in the law. The prison capacity will be increased with the construction of more sober cells and institutions for TBS convicts and juvenile criminals. The number of community service and community service orders will be expanded. Prevention is of course always preferable to punishment afterwards. Prevention is also very important for drug policy. Information about the harmful consequences of drug use will be intensified. In the drug memorandum that was discussed with the House of Representatives this spring, the policy _ aimed at discouragement and harm reduction _ is set out. In its implementation, in addition to prevention and public health, particular emphasis will be placed on combating the trafficking and production of drugs, including ecstasy, and on countering drug tourism in cooperation with our neighboring countries. The far-reaching restructuring of the armed forces, which is the result of major international changes, is progressing satisfactorily. The number of personnel will be reduced in accordance with the plans, the last conscripts have been able to leave the armed forces early and enough volunteers are reporting. Partly thanks to many efficiency measures, cooperation between the armed forces is also growing. In the cooperative relationship with the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom, the financial restructuring and the social situation in the Netherlands Antilles as well as law enforcement in Aruba require special attention. The Netherlands supports the implementation of the Antillean remediation policy. In order to mitigate the social consequences of financial recovery, an important contribution will be made to the implementation of the emergency programme. The relative peace and prosperity in which we live in our country contrasts sharply with war, poverty and instability in some other parts of the world. Just as we want to strengthen the foundations for our own future, we also feel responsible for contributing to peace and economic and social development elsewhere. About 2. 200 Dutch soldiers are currently taking part in peace operations in various countries, especially in Bosnia. There they contribute to the perpetuation of the still fragile peace. The international community should do everything in its power to support the reconstruction process. The cooperation between Europe and the United States remains of great significance in several respects. The Atlantic Alliance is an indispensable link in our security policy. To promote peace and stability, both on our continent and in other parts of the world, the United Nations has an important responsibility. Europe and the United States, together with other countries, should make efforts to strengthen and reform the United Nations so that it can better fulfill its peace-building function. United acting appeared to create the conditions for the Dayton Peace Agreement. It is desirable that trade frictions between the European Union and the United States remain manageable. Together with other parts of the world, including Asia, work should be done on an open world trading system. This will benefit economic and social progress in the world. Without progress in the Middle East peace process, the different peoples there will not have the opportunity to leave war and threat behind and build the future of new generations. The government will continue to work with European partners for peace on the basis of the agreements concluded earlier. The Netherlands feels connected to the people of Suriname. The government expresses the hope that good opportunities for cooperation will continue to exist in the future. The many government-level contacts developed in recent times with our Benelux partners, Germany, France and the United Kingdom, demonstrate the mutual importance of good neighborly relations. This can also contribute to strengthening the European Union. The world still has more than a billion people living in absolute poverty. Poverty, environmental degradation and violence reinforce each other in a downward spiral. In 1997, our country will therefore spend 20 percent of the expenditure on development cooperation on aid for basic facilities, such as health care, drinking water and education. An important place has also been reserved for international nature, environment and climate policy, in particular aimed at preserving tropical forests. Cultural cooperation with developing countries will also receive an extra boost. The government will continue to actively promote democratization and better respect for universal human rights, both bilaterally and through the European Union. Members of the States General, Next year it will be half a century ago that the seed for European cooperation was sown with the announcement of the Marshall Plan. By prioritizing reconstruction, it was then possible to propel our tried country to a high level of prosperity. Even after the turn of the century, the Netherlands will be faced with heavy tasks. With the recovery of our economy, to which so many have contributed, the foundation has been laid for building a harmonious society. Let's draw inspiration from the post-war experience and reinvest in the future. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. Many countries in the world are in a phase of dynamic renewal and economic expansion. The Netherlands is challenged not to lag behind. In order to be able to offer the population sufficient prospects for well-being, work and prosperity, strengthening our competitiveness, increasing labor participation and continuing austerity of public finances are necessary. Active participation is a spearhead of policy. The government wants to enable citizens to develop and encourage them to make an active contribution to society, cultural and economic life. The capacities of all people should be shown to their full potential in our society. The renewal of the social system aimed at better involving people in the labor process is beginning to bear fruit. Partly as a result of higher economic growth and the policy of government and social partners, approximately 100,000 jobs will be created in 1996. For the first time in decades, the number of people under the age of 65 who are dependent on benefits is falling. This creates financial scope for the necessary tax cuts, especially at the lower end of the labor market. This makes it more attractive for employers to hire people with little education or work experience. Thanks to the sharp increase in employment, the linking of benefits and AOW pensions to contractual wages will be justified again next year. A controlled development of incomes remains necessary to create sufficient employment in the future and to strengthen support for a solid and fair social system. A special effort is required to provide new opportunities for the long-term unemployed. Initiatives by municipalities and institutions will be given ample scope. The government is calling on the social partners to involve as many job seekers as possible. The consolidation of public finances is steadily continuing. Both in 1995 and 1996 the financing gap will decrease. The pressure of taxes and premiums will also decrease further in both years. The controlled expenditure policy makes it possible to realize the policy intensifications agreed in the coalition agreement and, moreover, to make extra resources available for next year for safety, social integration, the environment and infrastructure. Due to the open nature of our economy, the Netherlands is making good use of the favorable international economy. On the other hand, our country is also vulnerable to external influences. New impulses are therefore needed to increase the dynamism and adaptability of our economy. This will enable the Netherlands to better meet the requirements of international integration and globalisation. A comprehensive package of measures aimed at this will give extra attention to small and medium-sized enterprises, starting entrepreneurs and the agricultural sector, which is already so much for strenuous efforts. In order to strengthen the structure of horticulture, the government will cooperate in drawing up a plan of action. More market forces and less regulation are indispensable. A first set of proposals, including the bill on shop opening hours, has recently been submitted to you. A modern infrastructure is required to strengthen our economy. Important decisions were made earlier this year and are now being implemented. Preparations for the connection of our country to the European network of high-speed lines are in full swing. Priority has been given to strengthening the river dykes. New technologies and especially information technology are of great significance. Here too, the Netherlands must have the ambition to keep up with the most advanced countries. The realization of the electronic highway is being promoted. To this end, the government will encourage private and public investment. A sound economic basis requires a responsible balance between the economy and the environment. The burden on the environment as a result of economic growth must be limited as much as possible. For the first time, you will be presented with an Environmental Balance. This shows that we have succeeded in reducing emissions of most harmful substances in the last ten years to a lesser extent than would have been expected on the basis of the growth of the economy. That's positive. The scale of global CO2 emissions is worrisome. In the Netherlands too, this is greater than previously envisaged in the target figures. In the first place, this requires an international approach, in which the Netherlands will actively participate, including financially. In addition, national measures cannot be missed. The energy tax to be introduced on 1 January should be assessed in this light. The government will shortly make proposals to reduce the manure surplus. Her aim is to harmonize the interests of farming and a good environment as responsibly as possible. Other areas also require well-thought-out and timely measures. As indicated in the coalition agreement, the requirements that a sustainable and affordable social system must meet in the long term will be explored in the coming period. The financing of the AOW as a safe old-age provision for everyone will also be discussed. A society that focuses on participation requires a better distribution of paid and unpaid work and more economic independence for women. Young people shape the future. The way in which they grow up and can develop themselves will determine the society of tomorrow. Good educational opportunities in which they can develop their talents are therefore essential. Primary schools will be given greater opportunities to receive children who need special care within their own school. Additional investments in secondary vocational education are needed to prepare more young people for the labor market. A tax advantage is granted to employers who conclude apprenticeship contracts. After all, for many young people the apprenticeship system is a good combination of education and work experience. Far-reaching measures are proposed in higher education, both with regard to the content of education and the governance structure. Accessibility to university and higher professional education, customization and qualityare central. The healthcare sector delivers high-quality performance. With the efforts of all, this can remain the case in the future, even if more is demanded of this sector due to the aging of the population. Necessary care must remain accessible and affordable for everyone. A solid foundation will therefore be laid for future financing. The government is proposing a number of cost-saving measures, including a Medicines Prices Act. This also creates room for new policy. The government is preparing decisions to responsibly limit the use of medical care. On January 1, a number of benefits in kind, including medicines, will be transferred from the AWBZ to the health insurance fund and private health insurance. The government will propose to transfer the old people's homes to the AWBZ with effect from 1997, while simultaneously abolishing the assets test. The quality of care for the disabled, the chronically ill and the elderly will have to improve further. The personal budget will enable them to better provide themselves with the necessary care at their own discretion. Many elderly people want to remain an active part of society. They should be able to live at home as long as possible. The government supports them in this desire for independence. Our society is made up of people from different cultures. That is not new. Over the centuries, many have been able to find a home in the Netherlands. The multicultural character of our society is enriching in many ways. However, many members of ethnic minorities currently have too little prospect of work and full participation in our society. Incidentally, many native Dutch people are also in a comparably weak socio-economic position. The government calls on citizens, businesses, other governments and civil society organizations to collectively and vigorously tackle social exclusion and silent poverty in our society. After all, the necessary cohesion is at stake if large numbers of people feel excluded. In this context, the government wants to pay more attention to the problems in the large cities. The cities are not only a cradle of new economic impulses and technological developments, but also have an accumulation of social and societal problems. Municipalities are enabled to operate more effectively through decentralization and deregulation. In this way they can respond better to specific circumstances and possibilities. The formation of city provinces has been delayed after the results of the referenda in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In the opinion of the government, a strengthening of the position of municipalities and provinces remains necessary, especially in urban areas. Citizens must be able to feel safe. Safety is a precondition for participation in social life. Preventing and combating crime urgently requires active cooperation between the government and the relevant authorities. Additional resources will be made available for law enforcement and security. The activities of organized crime, in particular the drug trade and money laundering are disruptive to our society. The fight against serious crime requires the continued commitment of a great deal of capacity and specific expertise at the Police and Public Prosecution Service. The drug problem is also a cause for concern in the Netherlands. Limiting the damage to health is a top priority in our drug policy. The facts show that the results of this policy certainly stand up to international comparison. The criminality and nuisance for citizens associated with the drug trade, and the hopeless situation of many addicts, however, require greater efforts from society and the government. Political relations in the world have fundamentally changed. When the United Nations was founded fifty years ago, international cooperation was paramount, with the aim of freeing humanity from violence and poverty. Those ideals are far from being realized. Much has been done, however, to manage conflict and to protect defenseless people from further disaster. This path must be continued. The dramatic events in Africa and in the former Yugoslavia show how limited the possibilities for the United Nations still are. The frustrations that accompany this should not prevent us from continuing to feel co-responsible internationally and to act accordingly. The efforts of military personnel and civilians who carry out peace tasks and provide humanitarian aid under difficult circumstances deserve great appreciation. The Netherlands will endeavor to prepare necessary reforms of the United Nations together with other countries and to improve the instruments for maintaining the international legal order. Several developing countries have joined the global market and are growing into major trading partners. However, the number of poor people in the world is still increasing. Substantial and effective development cooperation is therefore still required. By reassessing foreign policy, the government wants to be able to respond better to the rapidly changing international relations. More than in the past, there is a need for timely coordination of the various facets of policy. Coordinated action in many areas is a requirement to strengthen the role of the Netherlands in the dynamics of world events. The necessary reorganization of the ministries will start this year. The process of European integration will have to be given new impetus in the revision conference of the Maastricht Treaty. Europe will have to become more decisive, more democratic and more transparent for citizens. More than ever, there is also a need for close cooperation to combat unemployment, environmental pollution and internationally organized crime. A European policy in which a balanced distribution of the reception of asylum seekers is central is urgently required. participation, strengthening structures and increasing competitiveness are also keywords for the Europe of the future. The Netherlands will contribute to this to the best of its ability. With all the work ahead for Europe in the coming years, we must not lose sight of the special value of the transatlantic link. Our country's contribution to peace and security is ensured by responsible implementation of the Priority Memorandum. As a result of the restructuring of the armed forces, no new conscripts will appear from April next year. From 1 January 1997, the armed forces will consist entirely of volunteers. Now that Aruba, the Netherlands Antilles and the Netherlands have decided to maintain the Kingdom bond, In the interest of mutual relationship and cooperation, the statutory relationships will have to be modernized. The tragic consequences of the natural disaster that hit the Windward Islands also made a deep impression in the Netherlands. The necessary restoration will be tackled jointly in the Kingdom context. The Dutch side is fully prepared to contribute to efforts aimed at maintaining the democratic legal order, reorganizing public finances and the administrative, economic and cultural development of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. Members of the States General, In addition to the positive achievements that have been achieved in the past decades and for which we can be grateful, there is still much room for improvement in many respects. You will face heavy tasks in the coming parliamentary year. My heartfelt desire is that you will fulfill your responsible duties with devotion and great effort, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. Fifty years ago, the first towns and villages of our country were liberated. The world war was coming to an end. For many, however, the worst ordeal, the famine winter, was yet to come and it would be a long time before the then Dutch East Indies were liberated. In many commemorations he now remembers those difficult years. To commemorate is to remember, but also to draw inspiration and learn lessons for the present and the future. Working on sustainable peace, on cooperation within and beyond national borders, that must be our task. Former opponents came together in international organizations after the Second World War; this is how new structures arose. In Western Europe, six countries took the initiative for economic integration. The European Union of now twelve countries hopes to welcome four new members on January 1. The government attaches great importance to the interest shown in membership by new democracies in Central and Eastern Europe. Further enlargement of the European Union will have to go hand in hand with institutional reforms that guarantee decisiveness. Strengthening parliamentary democracy is an important element in this regard. Since the Second World War, an impressive increase in the standard of living has been achieved in our country. Experience teaches us that the achievements associated with it are not unassailable. That is why the government is opting to strengthen support for sustainable employment. More people to work, that is the motto. This objective is pursued in three ways: - a confidence-inspiring macroeconomic policy aimed at controlling government debt and inflation and reducing labor costs; - policies that encourage economic dynamism, entrepreneurship, investment and innovation, thereby enhancing competitiveness and increasing the demand for labour; - stimulating labor market participation and less dependence on benefits while maintaining social protection for those who depend on it. The draft budget presented to you today bears the character of austerity and modernization. A significant decrease in the collective tax burden is foreseen and the basis is being laid for a reduction of the financing gap in the coming years. The worrying ratio between the numbers of inactive and active people makes it inevitable that next year the linking of minimum wage and benefits to wage developments will be abandoned. With accompanying measures, the government wants to contribute to a reasonably balanced income picture. This includes the introduction of an income-related tax deduction for the elderly and measures relating to individual housing benefits, in particular for families with children. The tax rate for the first bracket of payroll and income tax will be reduced to support moderate wage developments. The introduction of a franchise in the Health Insurance Act premium reduces the employer's costs for low-paid work. The modernization of the social system continues. In order to be able to continue to offer the certainty of a guaranteed basic pension in the longer term and to maintain solidarity schemes in the event of incapacity for work and unemployment, a critical review of the existing system is now required. The government is making proposals in the context of child benefits, which rely more heavily on the parents' own responsibility. Access to the Unemployment Insurance Act will be restricted, while the duration of the follow-up benefit will be extended. Preparations are being made to change the surviving relatives legislation. This takes into account the desirability of a transitional arrangement. Fortunately, after years of continuous increase in the demand for benefits in the event of illness and incapacity for work, things are turning for the better. In order to make further improvements possible, the privatization of the Sickness Benefits Act will be continued. The Disability Insurance Act will allow competition in implementation, with the government remaining responsible for the policy conditions. The elaboration will be designed in such a way that solid support for social security is maintained for all citizens, with solidarity as a characteristic. The government is aware that its plans contain sensitive adjustments. This is offset by a tax cut of more than 4 billion guilders for citizens and businesses. Furthermore, in 1995, for the first time in years, some improvement is seen in the ratio between the numbers of inactive and active. Strengthening our economy requires an offensive policy. And in industry and in small and medium-sized enterprises, more should be invested in the development and application of knowledge and technology. To this end, companies will be more closely involved in prioritizing research funded by the government. The development of top institutes in some promising technology areas will also continue. Vocational education will be offered wider opportunities to better connect with practice. By the end of 1994 you will reach a national action plan, aimed at government and business pilot projects in the field of so-called electronic highways. The decisiveness of companies can be increased by ensuring less burden, fewer rules and better functioning markets. Within six months you will receive a plan of action for deregulation and strengthening market forces. Reduction of administrative burdens will be part of this. The restrictive provisions of the Shop Closing Act will be removed in the short term. At the beginning of 1995 you will receive proposals to encourage starting entrepreneurs. In addition to employment in the private sector, there is a need for better services in the public sector. Next year, at least 2,500 additional jobs will be created in the healthcare sector, as well as 2,500 jobs in security and public oversight. These measures will offer new perspectives to the long-term unemployed. Thus a start is made on the application of the social norm aimed at systematically reducing long-term unemployment. The government will examine how the flexibility of working patterns can be increased, also taking into account individual needs with regard to paid work, care tasks, study and leisure time. The cooperation of the social partners is important for a sustainable strengthening of the economy and employment. The government wants to discuss with them in the short term how the intended effects can be achieved. The economy cannot be strengthened without a good environmental policy. In our daily actions, attention to the environment is becoming increasingly important. Thanks in part to the efforts of citizens, the prevention policy in the field of waste and separate collection is getting better and better. Although C02 emissions appear to be stabilizing for the first time in a long time, further improvements are needed in that area. Solving the manure problem and controlling mobility also require ongoing efforts. The government is strongly committed to reaching agreement on an energy tax at European level. If this proves impossible for the time being, preparations will be made in 1995 for the introduction of a small consumer levy. The levy will have to contribute to achieving the environmental targets set. Preserving and improving the environment also requires a global approach. The government will therefore pursue an active international environmental policy. European integration is so immediately noticeable in few areas as in agriculture and horticulture. The agricultural sector faces the challenge of continuing to make its major contribution to the national economy while at the same time balancing it with the interests of nature, the environment, landscape and animal welfare. An active renewal policy will be developed in the coming years for a vital, attractive and liveable countryside. The realization of a sustainable economic main structure fits in with this. By means of lower taxes and the removal of restrictive rules, the government will create conditions to maintain the competitiveness of agriculture and horticulture. Making the necessary adjustments to the market and the environment is also a task for the sector itself. The past fifty years have shown that farmers and horticulturists have the clout and inventiveness to do so, and are prepared to invest. At the beginning of 1995, the memorandum "Spatial economic policy for the period 1995-1999" will be submitted to the House of Representatives. The basic principle is that regions are not considered in isolation, but in relation to each other and in conjunction with the international environment. The growing need for housing locations makes it necessary to deal carefully with the interests of nature, landscape and recreation. The necessary investments require a major effort from the authorities involved and the market sector. Keeping the urban area liveable deserves special attention. [new paragraph?] A coherent and sustainable transport policy is required to strengthen our competitive position in the Netherlands. Central to this are the investment plans for the main ports of Rijnmond and Schiphol, the hinterland connections, the major urban regions and the urban nodes. The procedure for the key planning decision regarding the High-Speed ​​Line is currently in the consultation phase. The final government position will reach you in the spring of 1995. At the beginning of that year, the government will also clarify its intentions regarding the Betuwelijn. Intensive international cooperation in a European context, aimed at connecting to trans-European networks, is of great importance. Government policy on health care and care for the chronically ill puts the patient first. To keep essential healthcare accessible to everyone, it is necessary to tightly control the development of volume and costs. Efficiency and frugality are required, both for providers and for care recipients. What is necessary care will be answered on the basis of the advice of the Dunning Committee and the Health Council. Concrete measures regarding the insurance package will follow. Before the end of this autumn, the government will present you with an integrated plan for volume and cost control, together with the necessary legislative framework. Implementation of the recommendations of the Biesheuvel Committee with regard to the position of the general practitioner, the medical specialist and the hospital will be included in this. Users will be encouraged to take their own responsibility. The Exceptional Medical Expenses Act is limited to a provision for uninsurable risks and long-term care. A more sharply defined basic package of necessary care is being established in the health insurance fund and private insurance. Efforts are underway to bring private health insurance and public health insurance closer together. The changes will take place step by step. In the field of medical ethics, work will continue on necessary legislation and regulations. The government hopes that the bill on organ donation and the bill on medical experiments can be completed this parliamentary year. The client is also central to the welfare policy. Care will be stimulated for both young people and the disabled, as well as for the elderly, which is more in line with the individual possibilities of everyone in the home situation. The emancipation and participation of older people is strongly supported; age discrimination is combated. In the coming year, the government will publish an action program for an integrated policy for the elderly. The proposed cuts to the retirement homes are being scrapped. The government is committed to a safer society with a high level of law enforcement. An integrated approach to safety policy is therefore necessary. The police play a pivotal role in both street safety and the fight against organized crime. The police and the judiciary are being strengthened. You will receive concrete intentions in this regard before the end of the year. In October, the government will present its plans for a stronger approach to organized crime. In addition to and in addition to the existing core teams, a national investigation team is being set up. This team will, among other things, conduct investigations into reports of unusual transactions. Financial and economic investigative methods are central to this. Insecurity on the street is largely caused by juvenile delinquency. Proposals for tackling this will be presented to you in early 1995. Here too, it concerns an integrated approach in which local authorities, youth services, the police and the judiciary will work closely together. Giving young people perspective is of lasting importance for the vitality of society. In the field of youth care, the planned cutbacks will be scrapped. Addiction aid and combating drug nuisance are receiving more attention. Unstable international relations, unrest and economic contradictions continue to influence migration flows. Care and effectiveness in processing applications from asylum seekers and refugees will go hand in hand. Efforts will also be aimed at establishing a European asylum policy. The Netherlands has become a multicultural country. Many immigrants appear to integrate fairly quickly into Dutch society. Nevertheless, there are major problems of adjustment and unemployment among minorities is disproportionately high. The government will therefore take targeted training and employment measures. Contracts will be concluded with people who are new to the Netherlands in which mutual responsibilities are laid down. In this way, newcomers can become full members of our society as soon as possible. The government wants to bring governance closer to the citizen. Central government tasks will be transferred to the co-governments in order to better achieve the joint policy objectives. In the regions of Rotterdam, Amsterdam and The Hague, boards are being set up that can function decisively and democratically. The large cities attract high-quality employment and are developing into diverse centers for culture and science. On the other hand, it is precisely there that long-term unemployment and high crime are causing serious problems. Specific attention will be given to this in order to strengthen the development opportunities for the large cities. Public administration is there for the people. The government wants citizens to be able to make their voices heard and exert their influence more effectively. A ministerial commission on constitutional renewal will make proposals. 1995 is a year of implementation for cultural policy, which has now been merged with education and science into a single ministry. It is also a year of preparation of the main points for the coming period. A new arrangement will be made for a limited group of promising artists that will enable them to work for a number of years on building a profitable professional practice. Good education stands or falls with the quality of the teacher. From 1995, extra resources will therefore be made available to implement the proposals of the Future Teachers Committee. In order to stimulate the creativity of the teachers, schools will be given a more autonomous role in the performance of primary educational tasks. Parents have a greater influence on the policy of the school board. More attention will be paid to diversity in secondary education, both for gifted pupils and for pupils attending special secondary education. The municipal role is strengthened by decentralizing housing and school counseling services and having them coordinate the policy for disadvantaged people. Good coordination with our neighboring countries will be further developed for secondary and higher education and international contacts will be stimulated. The current uniform structure of higher education does not do sufficient justice to the changed social requirements. The government is therefore striving for a system change with a greater variety in study programs and an average shorter stay for students in higher education. In the coming year, the design and implementation of this will be discussed in open consultation with those involved. The changes, in due course, to the higher education system will also have consequences for student grants. But even apart from that, measures with regard to student finance are already needed. New students in higher education are awarded a performance grant for a period equal to the duration of the course. Sports and active recreation play an increasingly important role in the development of contemporary society. Not only for the development of youth, but also for the vitality of those who are getting older, for people with disabilities and for the various social integration processes in our country, sport is becoming increasingly important. The cooperation between the three countries of the Kingdom is based on mutual respect. A balanced development of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruban societies is an objective to which the Netherlands is committed to contribute. Good public administration, law enforcement, sound financial policy and education are points of attention. The celebration on 15 December of forty years of autonomy, embodied in the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, will receive appropriate attention. In consultation with the kingdom partners, new political relationships will be finalized in a revised Statute. In addition to the peace that we have known for fifty years, there are unfortunately new hot spots in the world. From the so close by former Yugoslavia to the distant Rwanda, heartbreaking images reach us. It turns out that the limits of horror can be pushed back time and again. Dutch society expresses its feelings of involvement in many ways. Many Dutch civilians and military personnel who are active in the former Yugoslavia and elsewhere in an international context must also be mentioned here. More than three thousand Dutch men and women are currently taking part in peace operations in often very difficult circumstances. Their great efforts deserve much appreciation and thanks. Our thoughts go out to those who sustained permanent injuries in the course of their duties and in particular to the families of those who died. In fifty years the world has changed radically and with it our position in that world. The cohesion of international issues is stronger than ever. The government wishes to make a positive contribution to solving global problems. Old contrasts between North-South and East-West are fading. Cooperation and development must therefore be placed in a new perspective. A reassessment of foreign policy in the broadest sense, including development cooperation, economic relations, international environmental policy and defence, is therefore necessary. The reduction in size and restructuring of the Dutch armed forces are in full swing. The transition to a volunteer armed forces requires a great effort from the Ministry of Defense. Before discussing the Defense budget, the government will inform you about the consequences of the cutbacks announced in the coalition agreement for the armed forces. Responsible implementation of the Priority Memorandum remains the touchstone. Within the broad framework of the North Atlantic alliance, the Netherlands is opting for more intensive European defense cooperation. This is increasingly leading to intertwining of our armed forces with those of neighboring countries. An integrated naval staff is formed with Belgium. A joint army corps is established with Germany. Relations with our largest neighboring country have developed into close cooperation in all kinds of areas. This symbolizes the fundamental and irreversible change in political relations in Europe, fifty years after the liberation. Members of the States General, The impressive commemoration of D-day on 6 June this year was an expression of respect for the great efforts of many millions of men and women. It is encouraging that the willingness to learn from the past is so widespread. Internationally and nationally, the realization of the value of living in peace and freedom is also a task for all of us to continue to pay attention to the quality of our society. I sincerely hope that you will also fulfill your responsible duties in this light, trusting that many with me wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. Connectivity between people and attention to the vulnerable; this was the life of King Baudouin, from whom we had to say goodbye this year. His message was one of encouragement and hope, and his call was to stand up for the vulnerable. That really appealed to all of us. In the world around us, the connection between people is often difficult to find. Within countries, but also between countries, we see everywhere the danger of a downward spiral of less and less cooperation, and the threat of 'own people first' in all its manifestations. We have a duty to take a stand against this, each according to his own ability. Connection and commitment start close to home. For the first time in a long time, unemployment is now rising again in the Netherlands. The situation is alarming. Work is therefore central to the proposals that the government is presenting to you, representatives of the people, and to society today. More work requires a solid economic foundation. Investments in rail connections, roads and waterways will be greatly increased. This will strengthen the good position of the Netherlands as a business location. Research and development of new techniques will be fiscally stimulated; that promotes growth and work. Investing in your own country is promoted by a larger company exemption from the wealth tax. But investing in infrastructure and companies alone will not get us there. More training is also needed, especially for those who find it difficult to get a job. Apprenticeships are being expanded significantly, as are work experience placements and job pools, especially for older long-term unemployed. The Youth Work Guarantee Plan is also continuing. It will now also be open to all immigrant youth. After all, it is better to work than to receive benefits. For all citizens, the right to services is matched by the obligation to train for work. Investment is necessary, training is necessary; but there is more to do. The government and social partners should not accept that so many people with little education and work experience or with limited opportunities will not find a job. Everyone has to make an effort, but then there must also be a chance of work. For many, that opportunity is not there, as long as in many companies and institutions the lowest wage scale is considerably higher than the statutory minimum wage. The Social-Economic Council will therefore be asked for advice on the possibility at any time - irrespective of the provisions of collective labor agreements - to employ a number of employees at the statutory minimum wage. It is important that simple work is split off and that people are given the opportunity to gain work experience for the minimum wage. Breaking through the rigidity of the labor market also calls for more part-time jobs and longer working hours. It is therefore necessary to relax the rules on working hours. Revision of dismissal law and more opportunities for employment agencies can lower the barrier for companies to hire staff. Declaring collective agreements generally binding misses the point insofar as it harms participation in paid work. A further consideration is therefore required. In addition to all these structural improvements with a view to more work, there is an urgent need to better control the wage cost level. More than a year ago, the Social and Economic Council advised that from now on wages should not be increased, but that the costs should be controlled. That advice has been followed by the government. After our competitive position was subsequently damaged by currency depreciation in other European countries, wage cost moderation was decided in 1993 in consultation between the government and the social partners. However, this got off to a slow start and international competition - also from Asia - increased further. General salary increases are therefore - after what happened in 1993 - not justified next year. The government expresses the hope that the social partners will opt for work and will endorse the need for a real step back. If necessary, this will have to be regulated by law. This does not mean that salary improvements such as increments and higher pay with better education should not take place. These are necessary for the proper functioning of the labor market. In line with general income moderation, the so-called inflation correction will not be applied next year, incidentally in such a way that it only affects income above the first bracket. It is proposed to increase the flat rate for labor costs considerably. For those in work, for example, instead of a general wage increase, the larger flat rate for labor costs will ensure that work pays more. All in all, there is then some reduction in wage and income tax. Part of the higher revenues from petrol and diesel excise duties will be used for this purpose. In addition, other burden-reducing measures with a view to investment and growth in our country are also paid from this. In this context, special attention has been paid to small and medium-sized enterprises. After the intended increases in Germany and the Netherlands, the petrol and diesel excise duties will be at approximately the same level. In recent years, we have started to recalibrate our social security and social services system with varying degrees of success. The key point is again and again that it is better to activate people to work than to make up for their shortfall in income; precisely to maintain the facilities for those who depend on them. As a follow-up to previous proposals to amend the Disability Act, the Sickness Benefits Act and the Surviving Relatives Act, Proposals are now being made for the Unemployment Insurance Act and the General Assistance Act. The municipalities will be given greater policy responsibility when implementing the assistance, so that benefits will be more tailor-made. In addition, the municipalities will be much more active in combating fraud and improper use. Linking files in order to be able to compare data and the application of administrative sanctions will serve this purpose. The motto should always be: more work, and combating fraud and misuse. That is also the common thread in the recently published report of the parliamentary committee of inquiry on social security. Now don't worry about accusations, but get started with changes; that message deserves appreciation and calls for action to protect those who really need it. The economic climate is still bleak. However, there are also encouraging developments. Despite the sharp decline in growth and tax revenues, the government deficit has been reduced, albeit not yet to the level set in the 1994 coalition agreement. However, the standard of 3% of the national product that we subsequently imposed on ourselves in the Maastricht Treaty should be attainable in a few years' time. the interest, so important for businesses and for investment, has fallen sharply. A policy of restructuring that has been sustained for many years has made the Netherlands more financially sound, although the high government debt requires continued austerity in government spending. In the case of public housing, the transfer of responsibilities to municipalities and housing associations, as well as the improvement of financial relations, will make it possible to put an end to general object subsidies in social housing after 1994. However, urban renewal will continue and resources can now also be used to utilize more expensive locations, which are preferable from the point of view of spatial planning and environmental policy. In public transport, too, more investments go hand in hand with fewer subsidies. With decentralization to the transport region' s and with more independent business operations by the railways, good progress is being made. The quality of our country is closely linked to an active continuation of the environmental policy. Much has been achieved in recent years: cleaner production at suitable locations with better processing of the waste. It is about involvement and new techniques. Environmental policy is more successful the better understood and more widely supported. This is how it takes shape in practice. Levies and the reorganization of our tax system are instruments to support policy. The evaluation of the first National Environmental Policy Plan will show how much has been achieved and what remains to be done in the second. Our country is too beautiful to spoil; that is why we strive to preserve and develop nature and landscape, and care in production and consumption. Good cooperation has been established with sectors and target groups on this point. Investments in sustainable development will continue along this path. It is also encouraging that improvements in road safety appear to be possible. The human grief resulting from traffic accidents motivates to continue tightening the policy. Significant progress has been made during this cabinet term with decentralization, first of all to provinces and municipalities. That process in the regions has now progressed so far that it is necessary to improve the 'Community Regulations Act' and to organize the area division. In addition, seven metropolitan areas are offered the opportunity to go a step further. Starting with Rotterdam and the surrounding area, you can opt for your own metropolitan province, which will then be split off from South Holland. In the long run, each of the metropolitan areas will make a choice whether it really wants to go that far or whether it prefers to arrive at a different form of adequate cooperation. In addition to territorial decentralization, a lot has been done in recent years with functional decentralization to give citizens and organizations more room for personal responsibility. In the coming year, for example, decentralization and deregulation of education will take shape. As a result, schools will be able to do their work better and more independently. Good education relies on motivated teachers. That is why there will be more financial resources and school boards and school management will be given more policy responsibility. Efficiency in education requires better referral after basic education, and in higher education the right student in the right place. This is all the more important since higher demands will be made on study progress in the coming years. When reassessing our welfare state, the focus is always on activating citizens and carefully managing the resources entrusted to the government. At the same time, the government wants and must be a shield for the weak and a responsible society is needed to prevent people from getting off the road or ending up permanently in isolation. After all, it is about connecting people and standing up for the vulnerable. Therefore should be preserved: old age provision for all, assistance that fights poverty, health care that remains affordable for everyone. That is why it is necessary to provide many more job opportunities for the lower-skilled. After all, the labor market should not only be about the strong, but also about the weak. Even then, there will always be people in our society who have never been able to work or who will remain disabled. They are equally entitled to share in our solidarity. A government that has to be frugal and still has to demand a lot of taxes and contributions from citizens for the sake of the quality of society, is obliged to fight fraud and improper use of facilities. This has taken shape more and more during this cabinet term. A start has already been made on reducing common crimes. Better prevention and new forms of the so-called tit-for-tat policy are proving to be successful. The introduction of the identification requirement will lead to further improvement. After many years of discussion, a single police force is being established during this cabinet term through the efforts of many. Credible and effective action early and requires expansion of cell capacity. So this one will come. But this cannot be the only answer to criminal behavior. The worrying development of crime among young people requires a broader approach. An experiment will be started this year in which juvenile delinquents are prepared for re-entry into society by means of a strict regime and intensive supervision. In recent years, significant efforts have been made and changes initiated in the field of legislation and the strengthening of the entire judicial chain. All in all, there is a shift in thinking and acting in the fight against fraud and crime. However, there is still much to do. With all these efforts for the benefit of citizens, government and legislators can only remain credible if they pay sufficient attention to the integrity of government. Fortunately, the Netherlands is not yet a country of corruption and the use of public money for its own benefit, and it should remain that way. This autumn, the House of Representatives will take stock of the administrative and political reform, so that actual improvements can be achieved. The government is looking forward to this and has therefore provided its views and all the views requested from it in a timely and concrete manner. Administrative and political renewal are also central to the Future Conference that is currently taking place in and between the various parts of the Kingdom. The statute is due for renovation. The 1990s present us with different problems than those of a generation ago. Finding answers together to questions of good and responsible governance, that is what must be done in the interest of all citizens of the Kingdom. The flow of asylum seekers to our country has recently increased. Those who are entitled to asylum should be able to stay here. Those who do not have this must - precisely in order to protect the actually persecuted - be refused entry. Uncertainty about this for too long is contrary to due care, not least to those involved themselves. A new Aliens Act has therefore proved necessary. The criteria for family reunification were clarified earlier this year. However, if one has been admitted to our country, then it must come to an early integration. That is why newcomers will be welcomed and guided, so that they can quickly stand on their own two feet. It concerns elementary skills: learning Dutch and the rules, values, norms and manners that apply in our society. First of all, this requires efforts from those involved. However, it also requires efforts from all in our society. It is about more than tolerance, to really appreciate the other. Our society must have the following characteristics: fulfillment of one's duties and respect for others. We must work on a society that uses talents and is enriched by them. In any case, the important flow of people from abroad, adults and children, first and second generation, has resulted in a number of changes in our society. More homes are needed and will be built. There are more and more young people, many of whom are starting out with a disadvantage. This requires a lot from education and requires training aimed at work. More jobs are needed for low-skilled newcomers to the labor market. Healthcare will be called upon more often, but at the same time many new fellow citizens will be able to find work there. In health care, the content of care and work is paramount. An accessible and affordable health care system for everyone requires many motivated workers. Careful handling of medical consumption and facilities is required. Professionals and insurance companies have a duty to do everything they can to achieve this, and citizens should be asked to make more co-payments and higher deductibles. A Netherlands that shows itself strong and credible, that remains our common task; last year this was the theme of the Speech from the Throne. Only in this way can we fulfill our mission to cooperate with other countries and peoples. There is no alternative. Our future lies in Europe, and our Europe, in turn, will have to cooperate with other continents. That is not always easy. Our farmers and horticulturists face fierce competition within and outside Europe. Nevertheless, an open Europe and an international trade agreement are required. The government wants to look carefully for solutions with all those working in agriculture and fisheries, whether it concerns environmental or international problems. The same applies to all those companies and workers involved in road and water traffic and transport. The economic climate is also difficult for them. This requires a policy approach together with the government, but in such a way that the chosen solutions are also sustainable in the Europe of tomorrow. After the military threat of communism disappeared, relations on the European continent have changed. Our armed forces are therefore definitely on their way to a new contribution to peace and security. You, members of the States General, will be asked to agree to a revision of the Constitution, which makes it possible that in a few years' time the Dutch armed forces will consist of men and women who, on the basis of their own choice, fulfill a function there. Some of the current defense personnel will have to do other work in our society. A number of them will be able to work elsewhere in the government, for example in the fight against crime or in the prison system. The importance of United Nations peacekeeping operations has increased significantly. Our soldiers, both conscripts and professionals, do a lot of important work - from Cambodia to Bosnia - often under very difficult conditions. A word of appreciation and thanks to all who are committed to this is in order. Despite these efforts, it is painful that Europe is so powerless when it comes to security and peace on our continent. That is also why it is good that the armed forces in Europe are increasingly cooperating. This can create the conditions for effective and credible action in the future. The Maastricht Treaty opens up the prospect of a common security policy: a strong and decisive Europe that genuinely serves peace and thus contributes substantially to the Atlantic Alliance. The Maastricht Treaty has now been accepted by the parliaments of all Member States, but the real work has yet to begin. One Europe, while preserving the individual identity of the member states in all diversity of culture and traditions. One Europe, stimulating economic recovery, with a lot of investment, but at the same time with careful expenditure management. One Europe, cooperating in international organizations and consistently contributing to the global environmental and development effort. The Netherlands also sees a future in Europe, but a Europe that is not developing into a fortress. On the contrary, our country wants trade and cooperation with other continents, and we want that in particular with Central and Eastern Europe. Cultural exchange cannot be missed for successful international cooperation. A flourishing artistic life in our own country is the best condition for this. Members of the States General, The policy memorandum presented to you with regard to development cooperation a few years ago was entitled 'A world of difference'. The bill that is now presented to you is called 'A world in dispute'. That's telling. International cooperation is required. Not only does this require a broader standard of international cooperation, it also calls for a renewed and increased effort to resolve and prevent conflicts so that this century does not end as it began, namely in division. With all concerns goes respect and gratitude for the breakthrough to peace in the Middle East, a sign of hope and encouragement. Connecting people and standing up for the vulnerable, that's what it's all about. The government is grateful for the cooperation it received from you, representatives of the people, during this cabinet term. It wasn't always easy, but it was always worth it. The government hopes and relies on your cooperation this year as well. There is still much work to be done and there is no time to lose. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. Images of violence, hunger, racism and environmental neglect reach us every day. They do not leave us indifferent. Our response must be twofold: aid and international action, but also ensuring the preservation of our own rule of law and the strength of our economy. A Netherlands that shows itself to be strong and credible; that's the assignment. In the former Yugoslavia, the eruption of ethnic tensions is accompanied by untold suffering. Our government, together with other countries, is trying to end the state of war and to bring about a solution to the conflict. In addition, she sees it as her task in our society to provide shelter for refugees and displaced persons. Appreciation fits the efforts of many. In addition to the reception here in the country, help is now also being offered with the reception in camps over there. This is how we try to reach out in this need. In Somalia many people live on the brink of starvation. Sub-Saharan Africa is ravaged by drought. Thousands have already died. The refugee flows resulting from hunger and violence pose an additional challenge. Relief actions have been launched worldwide, to which Dutch citizens also generously contribute. With a lot of misery there are also positive developments. In Africa and elsewhere in the world, there is a growing understanding that democracy, human rights and sustainable development are closely related. In an increasing number of countries, political consequences are also being drawn from this. In the former Soviet Union and in the disintegrated Yugoslavia, old internal borders have been transformed into external borders in a short time. In response to a unity often enforced in the past, there are now many more independent countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The government expresses the wish that countries and peoples live in freedom, but also that they cooperate across borders. With the end of the cold war, the discussion about security has also taken on a different meaning; the massive military threat has given way to local conflicts. The disappearance of the East-West divide has increased the political role of the United Nations in the settlement of conflicts and the member states are more often called upon to send troops for peacekeeping operations. For example, based on the judgment of the international community of nations, military force is deployed to prevent tensions from degenerating into violent conflicts, to curb aggression and to provide protection during humanitarian actions. The Netherlands also contributes to UN peacekeeping operations. At the same time, the responsibility for the safety of the deployed soldiers weighs heavily. Our thoughts therefore go out to the men and women who, under difficult circumstances, participate in peace and relief operations in different parts of the world. The Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe has decided, on a proposal from the Netherlands, that it can call in the assistance of NATO or the Western European Union for peace operations. The Dutch proposal to appoint a High Commissioner for National Minorities has also been accepted. This will have the task of contributing to peaceful solutions in the event of threatening conflicts, and of preventing parties from using force. A different world requires a different defense. While maintaining the indispensable link with the United States and NATO, defense plans will have to be revised. At the end of this year, the government will make proposals on this. It will also include the government's vision on the future of conscription. As early as 1987, under the motto 'Europe 1992', it was agreed to achieve a single market before the end of this year. The Member States of the European Community showed themselves strongly. Prosperity and employment increased. It was also important for the upheavals in Central and Eastern Europe; while countries such as Austria, Sweden and Finland now also want to join the Community. With the Maastricht Treaty, which has been submitted to the States General for approval, the next logical step is now being taken. In a Europe without frontiers, it is important to move gradually towards a single currency, to arrive at a single effective environmental policy and to unify action against organized crime. The size and prosperity of our Europe without borders requires a common foreign and security policy. The same applies to the admission policy, both for those who come to our Europe on the basis of family reunification and for asylum seekers and refugees. With all the need for a joint approach to certain issues, it was expressly agreed in Maastricht that European decision-making only applies where it is really necessary. But one thing is certain: our future lies in Europe, and in it we as the Dutch will show ourselves strong and credible with our own identity. The Maastricht Treaty also provides ample scope for this. A referendum will be held in France next Sunday. Let the wish and confidence be expressed from here that it will sound 'yes', so that France and the Netherlands, each while preserving their own traditions and values, will continue to shape Europe, side by side with the other Member States. During the visit of the President of Suriname, it was decided to broaden and deepen the existing special ties. This is laid down in the Framework Treaty on Friendship and Closer Cooperation. The relationship between democracy and the rule of law on the one hand and healthy economic development on the other is of vital importance. A strong Netherlands requires investment in employment; only then are valuable collective facilities sustainable. This requires continuing to restore balance in public finances and strengthening the structure of the economy. The persistence of the international slump gives our country all the more reason to stick to the course that has been set. In accordance with the coalition agreement, the financing gap will be further reduced next year. Despite some tax increases, the collective tax burden as a whole is falling. These positive developments were made possible in part by an equally necessary and strict expenditure control, in which cutbacks were and are unavoidable. One cannot do without the other. Employment in our country is still growing. The target of "400,000 more people in employment during this cabinet term" is within reach. Yet there are still too few people with a job, and too many with benefits. In order to allow employment to grow further, inflation must be combated. That is why it has been proposed to lower the VAT, and a number of previously planned tax-increasing measures will not take place. Purchasing power is protected for those who depend on the social minimum, while working becomes more rewarding. In this way the space is also created for the social partners and the basis is laid to moderate wages in consultation. This is all the more necessary given the fierce international competition and rising unemployment in many countries. In addition to wage moderation and a better functioning of the labor market, the legislative proposals relating to a further reduction of absenteeism and incapacity for work and better implementation of social security are also important. This allows social contributions to fall, which is also important for employment. Industrial activities are vital for a strong Netherlands and the maintenance of our prosperity. As well as a good economic climate and a well-educated workforce, effective policies are needed to protect and strengthen industrial support. The development and application of new technology are essential here, for small and medium-sized enterprises no less than for large companies. High priority will be given to investments in economic infrastructure. To support this, the establishment of a Natural Gas Revenue Fund is planned. This is important, among other things, for the development of the Netherlands as a gateway to Europe. The future of the Port of Rotterdam and of Schiphol Airport requires important decisions. In connection with this, further proposals will also be made for the connection of our country to the European high-speed network and with regard to the Betuwe line. Mobility policy is having an effect. Private car use is growing less, the use of public transport is increasing. Good progress of the Rail 21 infrastructure plan is therefore of great importance. Proposals to give the Dutch Railways greater independence will reach you this autumn. To strengthen the competitive position of shipping under the Dutch flag, the government has decided on a targeted package of measures. Good education is essential for a strong Netherlands. High demands are placed on preparing for living and working in our modern society. Education must lay a broad foundation for this. The introduction of basic education will enable education to do this better. It was decided to leave the elaboration to the schools themselves. They must also work together to develop much-needed and thankfully growing vocational education. The word is now, after a long political and social discussion, to the schools. The teaching profession is extremely important for society. It is worrying that the occupation of positions in education is increasingly showing bottlenecks. Teaching is not attractive enough for young people. The government has previously made additional resources available for teachers' salaries. In the coming years, additional funds will again be earmarked for selectively improving employment conditions in primary and secondary education and in secondary vocational education. The precise details will be discussed with those involved. Legislation with the aim of giving higher education more scope to organize this education itself is at an advanced stage. The Education Advisory Council has been asked to give its vision on the collaboration between universities of applied sciences and universities. Consultations will be held with the institutions involved as early as this autumn. The government hopes that the "General Equal Treatment Act" will come into force in 1993. This law prohibits discrimination and gives people who feel discriminated against the opportunity to turn to an Equal Treatment Commission. The effect of Article 1 of our Constitution is of fundamental significance for all who live here. This law is also of great importance to minorities. For them, in addition to equal treatment, education is an essential condition for finding their place in our society. The government is making extra money available so that more people can follow the "Dutch as a second language" course. This is just one of the initiatives that invite the minorities to make their own efforts. Despite the strong employment growth in recent years, the percentage of unemployed among minorities is still three times higher than the average. The employment organization rightly pays a lot of attention to this. In addition, initiatives by the business community to promote labor participation of immigrants require legal support. In addition to the social partners and the government, the minorities themselves and their organizations are also expected to make an active contribution. Successful integration and improvement of the chances of weak groups on the labor market also require a strict policy with regard to the influx to our country. The proposed amendment to the Foreign Employees Employment Act and the accompanying memorandum on illegal employment should also be viewed in this light. The rules for family reunification require careful application and, as far as asylum seekers are concerned, a humane but restrictive admission policy, with rapid decisions on the matter, is required. Social security and good social provisions are important in our constitutional state. The support for this remains undiminished among the population, but can only be maintained if it is ensured that taxes and contributions are paid correctly and that subsidies and benefits end up in the right place. The fight against fraud and improper use will therefore be intensified. In addition to preventing fraud, we in our country will have to be vigilant against organized crime. Criminal organizations pose a real danger because they infiltrate society with their great financial and technical capabilities. Justice, police and public administration will have to make a joint effort to combat this evil. Moreover, good cooperation with services abroad is of great importance. The Schengen Agreement facilitates the exchange of data. In Maastricht it was decided to set up Europol. This institution will be of great importance in the European Community in the fight against organized international crime. The reorganization of the police should be completed in 1993. The great efforts of force managers and police officers have made it possible to achieve a great deal in a relatively short period of time. An increase in crime leads to more and more nuisance for citizens and feelings of insecurity. The increase in the number of violent crimes is of particular concern. With all attention to prevention, the availability of sufficient cells remains necessary. That is why the capacity of the prison system will be further improved and expanded. Good progress is being made with the process of renewal of the administrative organization. An essential part of this is a comprehensive package of proposals for the decentralization of tasks, responsibilities and financial resources. Agreement has now been reached on this with the municipalities. In the field of public housing, decentralization and administrative renewal are taking shape. For example, a large number of municipalities will join forces in regional associations. In addition, the housing associations are becoming more independent of the central government and the municipalities. Decentralization is also important to give administrative content to social innovation. In addition, a separate incentivering law in preparation. The national government will continue to provide incentives for innovation and quality improvement in welfare work. The municipalities, together with social organizations and other stakeholders, give substance to social innovation. Many volunteers ensure great involvement. Due to better organization and coordination, young people also increasingly see volunteering as a meaningful challenge. In social work and beyond, social innovation is slowly but surely taking shape. For example, job placement increasingly takes individual circumstances into account and encourages people to make an effort; personal responsibility is given a place in health care; education and adult education not only offer opportunities, but people are also urged to take advantage of them. Social security and facilities not only protect people, but also, where possible, encourage them to work or other activities. 1993 has been declared the Year of the Elderly in Europe. In a specially established National Committee, young and old will develop activities together to underline the important role of the elderly in our society. In our country there is broad agreement about the desirability of good healthcare that remains accessible and affordable for everyone. Individual professionals, institutions and insurers, as well as citizens, should be given and assume their own responsibilities. Nù investing in administrative and financial innovation means, in the long run, sufficient scope for healthcare innovation, for expansion where necessary and for solid support. That is all the more necessary, given the pressures arising from the increasing aging of the population and from developments in medical technology itself. Recommendations from the Health Council and the Dunning Commission will now have to be put into practice. In the coming year, consultations, including with you, Members of the People's Representatives, will focus on this in particular. In this way, the government wants to promote conscious choices in health care. The growth in demand makes it necessary to place more emphasis on prevention, efficiency and the personal responsibility of all those involved. Conscious choice also requires a deepening of the public debate on ethical issues in healthcare. The willingness and will to invest in the future will also be expressed in the field of culture: in the care of the cultural heritage and in the support of current art and culture practice. With all the attention for the material aspects of existence, it is vital for our society to also pay attention to cultural values. Expanding children's imagination and empathy by reading books is just as important as the confrontation with the highlights of cultural creation, for example in our museums. Within the budget for culture, extra attention will be paid to architecture, design and film: expressions of which large parts of the population become acquainted on an almost daily basis. The Green Space Structure Plan makes proposals for a more integrated approach to nature and agricultural policy. In order to have financial resources available more quickly to keep the rural area as green as possible and to protect valuable natural areas, a Green Fund is being set up. An effective agri-environmental policy requires broad support. It is therefore gratifying that farmers are increasingly willing to take responsibility. Budget control and trade policy reasons have made it necessary to adjust the Common Agricultural Policy. In doing so, a reasonable income development remains possible for those who work in agriculture, while at the same time making an important contribution to a successful conclusion of the world trade talks. Environment and development was the theme that brought together one hundred and eighty countries, rich and poor, in Rio de Janeiro a few months ago. The connection between the environmental issue and development is explicitly laid down there; Sustainable Growth. The rich countries must therefore look for other forms of production and consumption. Financial resources and techniques must also be made available to poorer countries so that the environment can be taken into account when combating poverty and increasing prosperity. Sustainable development is also not a non-committal task for our country. We will have to reduce our share of the global burden on the environment. Meanwhile, companies, citizens and government are already working hard to improve the quality of the environment. Producers accept their own responsibility by taking back products at the waste stage and reducing unnecessary packaging. Separate collection of waste is increasingly taking place. In the short term, the first eco-labelled products will appear, and a logo will be introduced for small chemical waste. In this way, consumers can take environmental aspects into account and make their own contribution. The administrative and financial situation in the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba is a cause for concern. The Kingdom government is of the opinion that the parts of the Kingdom must cooperate in tackling this. Much is required of the governments of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba to bring about substantial and lasting improvements. The policy of the Netherlands is aimed at supporting these efforts. Members of the States General, International, political and economic developments are a cause for concern. This intensifies the need for joint policy efforts in our country. Only then can we meet the challenges facing the Netherlands. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. 1992 will not be an easy year, either internationally or nationally. Our economy is now facing a setback similar to the one seen in other countries before. As a result, unemployment threatens to rise again after a number of good years. That is why the maintenance and growth of employment must be paramount. This is both to withstand the setback now and to make the best use of the international economic recovery afterwards. This course is all the more necessary because in our country the number of people for whom work must be available will clearly continue to grow for many years to come. More women want to enter the labor market. More people who are still dependent on benefits must get to work. In addition, migration to our country is increasing due to ongoing family reunification and by those who seek and receive asylum here. The special attention that the government therefore demands for job growth cannot be seen in isolation from other important goals: maintaining support for community services, preserving and restoring the environment and fulfilling our international obligations. When he took office, the government underlined the coherence of these goals. Effective policy requires administrative and social innovation, a policy that is as close as possible to the citizen, for a society characterized by personal and shared responsibility and by a new balance of rights and duties. Working on the quality of life and investing in the future is not easy. After all, it is very understandable that the desire now is not to be bothered with the care of tomorrow. The resistance to changes in laws, regulations and provisions is also very understandable if groups of citizens will also experience disadvantages. Nevertheless, the government cannot and will not do otherwise than choose the future. That must be a shared future, based on solidarity. Even in difficult times, the choice for sustainable and sustainable development, whether it concerns the environment or society - must remain at the forefront, although this now requires painful choices. With a view to employment and to maintaining community services even at low growth rates, work must take precedence over income. The government therefore opted in 1992 for a clear line for the incomes for which it bears responsibility. In concrete terms, she proposes to increase the benefits by three percent, not to apply an inflation adjustment for higher incomes, and to increase the tax-free rate. In this way the net minimum benefit - ie in guilders - increases by more than three percent. In addition, the flat rate for labor costs is increased. These measures serve the purpose of income moderation - after all, there is more net left over - and contribute to the better functioning of the labor market: work pays more then. Responsibility for incomes in the market sector rests with the social partners. However, here too, the responsibility for maintaining and increasing employment, as well as the importance of the environment and community facilities, should weigh heavily. For its own employees and for others who work in the collective sector, the government is also proposing a wage increase of three percent. If this example is widely followed, employment and solidarity can take precedence in 1992 and it will be possible to limit the price increase. The policy of labor cost moderation cannot be viewed separately from the overall government policy, as explained in the Interim Balance. On that occasion, the course was set for less government subsidies and austerity in government spending. This is desperately needed. Government debt continues to rise sharply. Fortunately, the target set for this cabinet term that the national debt as a percentage of national income will no longer grow has been achieved. However, the interest charges that have to be paid on the national debt are still rising. After all, international interest rates are disappointing and remain high, which means that the scope for other government spending is extremely tight. This is all the more so because international developments - the Third World, Central and Eastern Europe and peace operations - also require more efforts from our country. Nationally, the national government must reflect on its tasks and the resources required to do so. Both for reasons of principle - politics closer to the citizen - and for practical reasons - it has to be more efficient - the government wants to decentralize many tasks. Central government, provinces and municipalities have tackled this together. If this process of decentralization is to be successful, it must be accompanied by less regulation by central government. In line with this, hard work is being done on another form of administrative innovation: Great Efficiency. The national government must focus on core tasks. In addition, it is being examined whether certain services have not grown too much and whether duplication of work is being done. Due to this approach of targeted-less spending, quality can be central to the performance of tasks by the government, while the necessary frugality can still be observed in all government spending. This is the only way to continue realizing the priorities deliberately chosen in the coalition agreement. Administrative renewal and structural improvements in the social system, that is what the government wants to advocate for you, the representatives of the people. Governance in urban areas must be strengthened to solve spatial problems and thereby make better use of economic opportunities. You will receive a proposal for this. In the field of tax reform, the government considers the proposals of the Stevens Commission to be of great importance. She wants to ask for advice about the possibility of submitting these proposals in full in the short term. In health care, the aim is to provide a basic provision for everyone, along with the options for which citizens may or may not wish to insure themselves. It is about healthcare that is accessible to everyone, but also affordable. In the context of a new division of responsibilities, public housing is undergoing significant decentralization to provinces and municipalities. In addition, a decision to privatize the housing associations will be completed. The six millionth home is expected to be inaugurated next year. Home ownership is steadily increasing. The social housing sector and individual housing benefit are increasingly reserved for those who are really dependent on it. Education has a classic role in equipping citizens for life. This is now given new relief by the large numbers of compatriots who were not born in the Netherlands, and their children. Basic education is important for everyone. Those who are able to follow further education also have the right to access that further education, as well as the obligation to make good use of it. The quality needs to be further improved. In that context, it is necessary that parents of children above the compulsory school age contribute more towards education in proportion to their income. The government realizes how hard it is for the education field at all levels and therefore attaches great importance to improving the position of teachers as well as stimulating cooperation and good coordination within education. Art and culture thrive in the Netherlands. Preserving our cultural heritage and supporting high-quality new offerings are all the more important for giving meaning to our own identity in an integrating Europe. A culture memorandum is being prepared for this purpose. To maintain the position of our country, it is also necessary to invest in infrastructure. After all, a good infrastructure that is adapted to international requirements is of vital importance to our economy. Rail 21 has finally started; decisions on the high-speed line will have to be made in the coming year. You can also expect the first bill on the Betuwelijn. In order to streamline and limit the excessively long planning period for new infrastructure, a bill will be drafted for a new Route Act, which will reduce the length of the procedures by half, without substantially affecting the rights of citizens. This is primarily important for large new projects, where more space will be made available for private financing, but also to remove bottlenecks from our road network, improve hinterland connections and adapt dangerous routes. Broader support has now emerged for the changed traffic and transport policy; the first results are emerging. The growth of public transport is undeniable and car mobility is growing less rapidly than in previous years. The number of road casualties also decreased in the first half of this year, although each casualty is one too many. The aim is to arrive at a regulation for speed limiters on trucks and buses in a European context. Additional efforts are still needed in the field of combating crime; in particular, aggressive crime is a cause for concern. But the enforcement of environmental legislation and social security legislation also requires more efforts from the judiciary. General legislative policy focuses on the selective deployment of legislation and on giving citizens and institutions the opportunity to shape and substantiate their own responsibilities in their own affairs. The government will determine its position in the coming year on the possibilities of covenants as an alternative to legislation. In order to have more police on the street and to make them more accessible, the government wants to make it possible to appoint guard personnel with limited training. In the field of youth protection, various measures to improve efficiency are being prepared. For example, work is underway on a reorganization in which the probation foundations, guardianship institutions and child protection councils will be involved. Increasing migration requires an integrated approach to the immigration problem through an international approach to migratory flows, a simplification and acceleration of procedures and a more consistent enforcement policy. Proposals have been made to this end. At the same time, the legal position of aliens legally residing in the Netherlands will be strengthened. All the necessary facilities and investments require a growing economic base to be able to pay for all this. However, the ratio between the number of workers and those who receive benefits is out of balance. This is also a fundamental consideration underlying the proposals to reduce absenteeism due to illness and recourse to disability schemes. The core of these proposals is to get companies and institutions to give the disabled many more opportunities than hitherto, if necessary in other work. It is therefore a question of keeping more people in work and offering new opportunities to those incapacitated for work who can still perform some work. This is especially true for those who have decades to go before retirement; this is important for society, but also for many people involved, who will thus acquire a better position and a better income than if they were permanently dependent on benefits alone. To make this policy effective, An approach has been chosen in which the benefit will not only be linked to the last wage earned, but also to age. In the future, people will build up more rights over and above the General Disability Act, which is always applicable to everyone, the older they get. This means that the difference between the early disabled and those who become incapacitated for work after they have only worked for a relatively short time will be limited. On the other hand, the elderly receive a benefit that takes more into account the salary earned. In drawing up these proposals, the government assumes long transition periods, during which those who are now fifty years of age or older will not suffer any disadvantage, and those who are now under fifty years of age will not see their benefits, at least in guilders, decline. The austerity in government spending, the moderation of income and the reassessment of social security are all about employment for a growing working population and prosperity, which provides the basis for maintaining community facilities. However, with a view to sustainable development, this prosperity must be explicitly tested against the preservation and restoration of the environment. In our country, we are working hard to implement the National Environmental Policy Plan as quickly and concretely as possible. This also includes improving the enforceability of environmental regulations. Partly in the light of developments in the European Community, the possibility of regulatory levies is being carefully considered. The proceeds will be used to reduce labor costs. Hopefully this can be started on January 1, 1993. In the meantime, a lot of work is also being done on the environmental policy of the European Community. The global environmental challenge will be given a major boost next year by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, which will take place in Brazil. The Dutch government hopes that a Global Climate Treaty will be ready by then, as well as a treaty on tropical forests and biological diversity. At this conference, the industrialized countries will have to show that they are serious about their pursuit of sustainable development. This sustainable development also involves nature and nature conservation in our own country, in which fortunately more and more citizens, associations and organizations seem to feel involved. The spectacular development of agriculture in recent decades has presented us with major environmental problems, which must now be resolved. Consultations will be held with the business community, which is faced with a difficult task in this regard, about the necessary measures. Given the seriousness of the problems, strict adherence to the agreed time frame will be required. In a more general sense, our agriculture still faces significant adjustment problems. European and global developments force this. The problems are not minor. However, history shows that the best way is a timely common approach aimed at change. As President, the Netherlands can help to give direction to the further development of the European Communities in the coming months. This involves three aspects: firstly, the completion of the internal market in the broad sense, including with a social dimension; secondly, to lay the foundations for further integration through Economic and Monetary Union and European Political Union; finally ensure that Europe is open to the world beyond the current borders of the Communities. The latter relates in concrete terms to cooperation with the members of the European Free Trade Association and with the new democracies on our continent. In addition, a successful conclusion of the international trade negotiations, the so-called Uruguay Round, is of great importance. This will benefit the further economic expansion of developing countries, as well as the process of economic reform in the countries of Eastern Europe. Moreover, it is essential for the global economic recovery. Development cooperation is a long-term process. Despite disappointments, results have been achieved over the past thirty years: child mortality has been halved, average life expectancy has increased by more than ten years and economic growth has resulted in income doubling. But that does not alter the fact that the gap between North and South and the dichotomy in wealth within the countries have increased. More than a billion people still live in absolute poverty. The world community will therefore have to continue to fight poverty and development with undiminished energy. No longer making capital market resources available makes opportunities more limited in the short term, but has significant structural advantages. Two budget items in Development Cooperation will be significantly increased next year; the budget for emergency aid and expenditure on environmental policy in developing countries. Meanwhile, in addition to the Third World, the former Second World, with the collapse of communism, demands our attention in an entirely new way. In the coming period, it will be a matter for the Soviet Union to give substance to new political structures and also to cope with major economic problems. The Netherlands wants to contribute to these efforts together with its European and Atlantic partners. The desire of the new democracies in Central and Eastern Europe to belong to the free world demands an answer. Our complacency should not be limited to financial efforts but should also include greater accessibility to our markets. At the NATO summit next November, the alliance will finalize decisions on its new political-military strategy. Even in the current circumstances, NATO continues to play its vital role for the security of its member states and for the stability of Europe more broadly. Yugoslavia shows how a difficult process of reform can be derailed by ethnic tensions and power conflicts. It is of the utmost importance that these problems be brought to a satisfactory solution. That is why the Yugoslavia conference is being held here in The Hague. With regard to the Israeli-Arab conflict and the Palestinian issue, the announced peace conference offers the prospect of much-needed negotiations between the parties involved. As the current President of the European Community, the Netherlands will participate in the conference and make a strong commitment to this historic opportunity for a just peace. The Gulf crisis has made painfully clear the dangers of over-armament and unbridled arms exports. The Netherlands, together with its European partners, has taken the initiative to set up a register at the United Nations for international arms trade, making it easier to combat it. The implementation of the Defense Memorandum has been vigorously pursued. The changed international political relations have made possible not only a lower budget, but also a restructuring and downsizing of the defense organisation. The consequences of these changes for the personnel are absorbed in a careful personnel policy. In the context of the restructuring, an Advisory Committee to be set up shortly will investigate whether conscription can continue to exist in its current form. There is a special bond between the countries and peoples of the Netherlands and Suriname. Surinamese efforts to restore democracy, the rule of law and prosperity can therefore count on Dutch support. In order to support precisely these efforts, the government is prepared to discuss closer cooperation if the Surinamese government expresses the wish to do so. There is agreement among the governments of the countries of the Kingdom on the continuation of the kingdom ties and the renewal of the Statute. In doing so, explicit attention will be paid to the possibilities of strengthening guarantees for democracy and the rule of law, and cooperation in the field of law enforcement will be intensified. Members of the States General, 1992 will be a difficult year. If one takes note of the very serious problems in many countries, it undoubtedly puts our own situation in a different light. It all the more makes clear the need to give shape to our own country's responsibility for preserving and strengthening democracy and prosperity by means of a policy focused on the future, even if this requires sacrifices. It is certain that a number of decisions will affect citizens in their daily lives. In our democratic constitutional state, this not only requires a clear awareness of what needs to be done, but also requires careful consultation during implementation. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. Iraq's invasion of Kuwayt is a flagrant violation of the international legal order. The government is implementing the Security Council's mandated measures to ensure an effective economic embargo against Iraq and has sent two Royal Navy frigates to the Gulf region in support of this. The government is aware of the dangers associated with this mission. However, the enforcement of the international legal order carries a lot of weight. The Netherlands cannot remain aloof. The government feels very involved in the safety of the Dutch who are still in Iraq and Kuwayt. Our thoughts are especially with them and their relatives. The crisis in the Gulf region makes it clear that - partly thanks to the improved relations between East and West - there are now opportunities for the United Nations to take responsibility. The effort is now focused on peace and respect for the international rule of law. However, the role of the United Nations is equally necessary to promote justice and solidarity in the world. Responsibility for development and prosperity must be realized within the limits of manageable growth and the preservation of the environment. Shortly after the Second World War, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drawn up. These rights also have great significance today. Oppression, injustice and lack of tolerance must be combated. It is precisely about development in freedom, with the right to one's own culture and conviction, embedded in respect and care for each other. These ideals should also guide our own country. Social and administrative renewal, as well as the unification of Europe, are key words in our democracy. In order to realize these ideals, the government seeks consultation and cooperation. In Europe we are living in historic times. From October 3, there will be one more Germany. The division of Europe is coming to an end. The policy aims to support and encourage democratic and economic developments in Eastern Europe. To this end, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development was established. The Netherlands has taken the initiative for European energy cooperation. This can have an impact on many areas and in particular also give a strong impulse to environmental policy in Europe. Hopefully an agreement will be signed this year on the reduction of conventional forces in Europe; in addition, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Eastern European countries also underscores the gratifying change. Europe demands a European security policy. However, this will have to be done while preserving Atlantic cooperation to ensure a continued involvement of North America in the security of Europe. In NATO the military function is less prominent; its political task, on the other hand, is gaining in importance in a changed Europe. It is about cooperation instead of confrontation. In our country, a restructuring of the armed forces and a corresponding reduction in personnel are being prepared. The period of service will be shortened by two months. This applies to all conscripts who enter actual service after October 29. Further integration of the European Community is necessary, now also in view of the situation in Eastern Europe and the embedding of the United Germany in new European structures. National competences can be transferred to European Community bodies if this is in the interest of the efficiency of the administration. In doing so, it is necessary to strengthen the position of the European Parliament, also in relation to the European Commission. This will be addressed in an intergovernmental conference on the European Political Union. The contours of the internal market are becoming increasingly apparent, but in certain areas, such as transport, environment and financial services, will require considerable effort. In addition, social policy should be developed on the basis of whether an issue should be regulated at European or national level, and what role the social partners should play. It is worrying that the European Community's agricultural expenditure is set to grow strongly again. Developments on the agricultural markets make ongoing adjustment inevitable; also to improve international relations in the field of trade in agricultural products. Adaptation is also necessary to achieve agriculture and horticulture that is practiced with respect for the environment. On 1 July of this year, the first phase of Economic and Monetary Union started. The government will work towards a successful Intergovernmental Conference that will give further substance to this Monetary Union. European-political cooperation is increasingly taking shape. From there, the Netherlands, together with the other Member States, tries to support developments outside the European Community as best as possible. This is now very much the case for South Africa, where developments are encouraging and hopeful. For the first time, a real dialogue has arisen. The Netherlands will continue to work for developing countries. The fight against poverty plays an important role in this. In the Memorandum 'Development cooperation in the 1990s' attention will also be given to initiatives to achieve debt reduction. In addition, the willingness of debtor countries to adjust their policies remains a precondition for improving their economic development. This memorandum will also include joint responsibility for the environment. Sustainable development requires a new global strategy aimed at preserving the environment. Liberalization of world trade and a good multilateral trading system can play a positive role in sustained growth of world wealth. The success of the new General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs - the so-called Uruguay Round - has global significance. Our economy shows growth potential and opportunities, as evidenced by the growth in employment and the sharp increase in job vacancies, but at the same time there are threats and serious problems. Both with regard to the development of wage costs and that of the results of companies, there is again cause for concern. Added to this is the crisis in the Middle East. Vigilance is advised. Competition from abroad is getting stronger. This demands constant attention and discipline from government and industry. This is also the core of the memorandum 'Economy with open borders'. It is important to make our society and economy stronger by investing. Controlling wage costs remains essential for employment. This year, the development of wage costs has reached the critical limit. A new wage-price spiral must be avoided. Controlling wage costs will therefore be one of the central topics of consultation with the social partners. The improvement in the negotiated wages of employees in the private sector will, if justified, also have a corresponding effect in 1991 on the incomes of workers in the collective sector and those entitled to benefits. Measures have been taken to ensure a reasonably well-balanced development of purchasing power. However, this can only be modest, since a number of essential public tasks also require more attention. Community facilities derive their meaning from social and economic motives. Due to European integration, an adequate supply of public facilities and infrastructure will increasingly determine the international competitiveness of the economy. However, this must be weighed up against the burden that this entails for citizens. In this assessment, the problem should not be shifted to the financing deficit and the national debt. Year in, year out, the national debt in proportion to the national income has increased and with it the interest obligation of the national government. That can't go on. Therefore, the financing gap will be further reduced. Environmental policy and economic growth are both important and can support each other. The specific location of the Netherlands and the structure of our economy require a far-reaching environmental policy. With the publication of the National Environmental Policy Plan and the supplement to it, the government has set the course. Now that the handling of this has been completed in consultation with you, all attention can be focused on implementation in the coming year. The government also attaches great importance to strengthening environmental policy in a European context. An example of this is the Rhine Action Plan, which is beginning to bear fruit. Implementing the Nature Policy Plan will give shape to the strengthening of nature policy. In many developing countries there is a progressive degradation of the environment. That is why the Netherlands, together with other countries, has taken the initiative to set up an environmental facility within the World Bank. Many environmental problems require a long-term approach. In the end, the waste problem can only be solved through reuse and prevention. Good management of our country also requires that we set limits to the negative effects of traffic and transport. The published Structure Chart has provided the impetus for this. The Netherlands owes its prosperity to a large extent to its location on important arterial roads. Good accessibility is essential. We are therefore faced with the task of finding intelligent and creative solutions. To enable economic growth while protecting the environment, our means of transport must be as clean, economical, safe and quiet as possible. Improvements in the sphere of public transport, more driving together in the car and more use of bicycles will contribute to reducing unnecessary car mobility. One of the most serious effects of the unrestrained growth of traffic and the lack of discipline in traffic is the number of deaths and injuries; 1500 dead and 50,000 injured every year. The policy to improve road safety will therefore be tightened up. The storms of last winter have reminded us of the necessary attention for our coast. The government has therefore released the necessary resources to maintain the current coastline. Economic growth remains indispensable for the creation of employment for an annually increasing working population. However, this is not enough: socially balanced growth is also necessary. Too many citizens are financially dependent on benefits. Activating labor market policy and social innovation should reverse this trend. In the tripartite employment provision, the co-responsibility of employees and employers is given shape. This co-responsibility will also be given concrete content with regard to incapacity for work. After all, the specter of a million disabled people must not become reality. The increasing realization in our society that the emissions of people from the labor process can no longer be allowed to run its course is gratifying. The larger number of vacancies offers additional opportunities for the unemployed who are difficult to place. Making use of this is of great social and economic significance. The nature and extent of unemployment among immigrants is still of such concern that measures are required to increase the accessibility of companies and institutions for minorities. Concrete thoughts on this have been submitted to the Labor Foundation. Knowledge of the Dutch language is indispensable for obtaining a more independent position in society; therefore acquiring that knowledge is necessary. Training is important as an answer to the demands of the labor market. In response to the report of the temporary Education-Labour Market advisory committee, the government will soon make further proposals to give shape to a joint responsibility, including financial, of government, social partners and educational institutions. The emancipation policy has shown progress in various areas. More and more women returning to work are occupying a valued place in the labor market. The expansion of childcare and leave schemes will further increase the number of women with young children who can combine parenting duties with paid work. The Emancipation Council will be asked for advice on the question of how women's participation in politics and public administration can be further promoted. The government has laid down its intention to revise the current General Widows and Orphans Act in a proposal for a new General Surviving Relatives Act. The proposal gives shape to a better position for widowers. At the same time, changing circumstances with regard to women's participation in the labor process are taken into account. Social and administrative innovation complement each other. The responsibilities of governments, civil society organizations and citizens must be linked in such a way that social policy produces better results. Too many citizens are sidelined and there is too much wastage of human talent. The government wants to give municipalities the opportunity to make choices and shape policy in close consultation with civil society organizations and citizens. Proposals for a decentralization of the Special Assistance have recently been submitted to you. This gives municipalities more options to combat financial emergencies that are the result of individual circumstances. The agreement reached with the organizations of special education on the framework of social innovation is gratifying. Based on this, these educational institutions can participate in this process at the local level. Good education shapes the citizen. To ensure that everyone has the best possible opportunities, special education and primary education are brought closer together and basic education in secondary education is proposed. The motivation and competence of women and men for the classroom are of decisive importance for the quality of education. Therefore, measures will be proposed to improve the position of the teaching profession. In the field of scientific practice, the government considers the formation of graduate schools - where researchers are trained - of vital importance. The fact that the administrative boundaries in our country are no longer sufficient everywhere is apparent in the large urban areas. Problems must be able to be tackled at the supra-local level. Proposals to make administrative provisions for this purpose will reach you shortly. The organization of the national government will be screened. To increase quality and efficiency, the government will have to do only what is really necessary and avoid duplication of effort. With the new administrative agreements to be concluded, the good relationship between central government and the municipalities will be continued. The government hopes that an administrative agreement can also be reached with the provinces. An agreement was concluded with the trade unions of government employees for the period from 1 January 1990 to April 1991 on the package of working conditions. The core of the new consultation system is the requirement that no changes to employment conditions are possible without agreement with the trade unions. The government is determined to continue on the path towards decentralization and market-based industrial relations. Legislation, governance and justice are necessary for a balanced representation of general interests and for a fair settlement of disputes. However, the development of our society has led to a paradoxical situation in the field of law enforcement. While on the one hand rules are being asked for more and more aspects of social life, on the other hand it appears that society is less and less willing to abide by rules. Partly because of this, the institutions of law enforcement and the judiciary become overloaded. The government will make efforts to improve the functioning of our justice system and to combat crime. A well-functioning police force is indispensable for maintaining the rule of law. The reorganization of the police system is aimed at this. Strengthening the Public Prosecution Service and a major reorganization of the judiciary should enable these bodies to perform their duties better. This month you will receive a memorandum on the entire justice policy, in which an action plan is outlined. Legislation will place greater emphasis on the joint effort of government and society. In general legislative policy, particular attention will be paid to enforceability, as well as to the timely and correct implementation of treaties and European Community law. Standing up for people in a vulnerable position is an important part of legislative policy. An example of this is the bill to combat unequal treatment. Another example is the bill to strengthen the rights of patients and test subjects. Due to developments in different parts of the world, the flow of asylum seekers is increasing. With a view to preserving the safeguards to which we attach, proposals will be developed to speed up procedures in asylum matters. Once people have integrated into our society, acquiring Dutch citizenship is an appropriate confirmation of this. The government will promote proper use of the opportunities to do so. The increase in our population, also due to family reunification, asylum and other forms of migration, means that our country will have 15 million inhabitants by the turn of the year. That's earlier than expected. This development makes new demands in the field of education, labor market policy and numerous facilities. It is important that everyone knows and feels not only a resident but also a fellow citizen. This calls for tolerance on the one hand, but also for being accountable to duties on the other. More and more is possible in healthcare. This raises the question of whether everything that is possible should and should. That is a discussion that should not only be left to doctors or ethicists, but that should be conducted in society. That is why the Advisory Committee on Choices in Healthcare has been installed. It is promoted that the financing system for the health care sector will enter its next phase on 1 January 1991. This is an operation that will change the picture of healthcare in the coming years. It is a challenge for all of us to permanently involve the elderly in social development. We cannot miss their contribution to this. This must be taken into account in the policy regarding housing, income, health care and their active participation in society. In addition to paying attention to new cultural developments, respect for our cultural heritage is a duty of honor. Therefore, a ' Delta Plan for Cultural Preservation' developed. In the 'Nota public housing in the 1990s' attention is paid to increasing the responsibilities of municipalities and housing associations to make the best possible use of the stock of affordable housing and the financial resources for households with lower incomes. The urban renewal policy continues to focus on eliminating backlogs. In 1991, partly on the basis of an evaluation of what has been achieved to date, proposals will be made for future policy. The Netherlands is prepared to continue the constitutional ties with the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba and to give this relationship new impulses. This concerns first of all the perpetuation of a constitutional order based on the principles of freedom, justice and democracy; in addition, a reorientation of aid policy aimed at more individual responsibility for budget and economy. Members of the States General, Administrative and Social Renewal will demand a lot of your attention in the coming year, in order to strengthen the quality of and solidarity in our society. The international developments that give rise to hopes and fears will also continue to require important decisions from you. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. Members of the States General, Members of the States General, After the early elections, the newly elected House of Representatives met on 14 September. A start has been made with the formation of a new cabinet. This statement of government policy will therefore be sober. In several parts of the world there is a striving for more freedom and a democratic rule of law. It is increasingly recognized that this development also provides the best basis for a just and prosperous society. For example, encouraging changes are taking place in a number of Eastern European countries. These deserve our support and sympathy, in word and deed, so that the cold separation by the Iron Curtain makes way more and more for cooperation and good neighbourliness. NATO commemorated its 40th anniversary last spring. In the coming years, the alliance will remain indispensable to guarantee peace and security on our continent. The Netherlands wants to continue to actively respond to the favorable arms control climate with its Atlantic partners in order to reach further agreements. Of particular importance in this context are the negotiations on conventional forces. These talks provide an opportunity to turn major imbalances, which have long shadowed our continent, into a lasting balance and a reduction in armaments. With regard to the security issue, progressing unification will improve Western Europe's ability to assume greater responsibilities for political and economic stability, both in its own region and elsewhere in the world. As far as the integration process is concerned with the economy, the first task is the completion of the Internal Market. Good progress is being made with this. The government sees the achievement of Economic and Monetary Union, the first phase of which is currently in preparation, as a follow-up to the establishment of the Internal Market. The shaping of Europe's social and cultural identity is about unity in diversity. However, as integration progresses, it is important to regulate only at Community level that which cannot be left to individual Member States. The internal strengthening of the Community should not be at the expense of its openness to the outside world. On the contrary, accessibility must be increased, especially towards developing countries. The individual responsibility of these countries for initiating growth and development forms the basis of the fight against poverty and disadvantage. Nevertheless, the rich countries have a duty to support the efforts of the developing countries, both directly and with the help of multilateral organisations. The problems many developing countries face with their external debt are a source of ongoing concern. The Netherlands aims to solve these problems through cooperation within the framework of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Furthermore, industrialized countries can make an important contribution to solving the debt problem by opening their borders further to foreign trade and by creating the conditions for prosperous economic growth and a sustainable reduction in interest rates. It is gratifying that relations with Suriname have largely normalized so that the development relationship can be restored. Our world is becoming increasingly aware of common concerns; the transboundary and often global nature of the environmental issue is an example of this. The Netherlands, which itself clearly suffers from environmental pollution and is often heavily dependent on foreign countries for solutions, will continue to stimulate the international approach to the problems, both in a European and global context. The conference in The Hague this spring and the ministerial conference in Noordwijk this autumn, which will be devoted to the problems of atmospheric pollution and climate change, give concrete expression to this. In addition to a longer-term strategy for restoring the ecological balance and sustainable development, the National Environmental Policy Plan, published in May, also contains a detailed program of activities for intensified environmental management for the period up to and including 1994. The urgency of the environmental problem meant that a start had to be made with preparations for implementation. In recent months, the government has submitted a number of legislative proposals and policy documents aimed at raising the decisiveness and effectiveness of environmental management to a higher level. Strengthening cooperation between government and sectors responsible for certain forms of pollution is an important precondition for an effective approach. Adjustments of production processes and consumption patterns will be necessary; they make great demands on technological creativity and a willingness to change behaviour. In traffic, the tension between mobility and the environment is increasing. This has been shown repeatedly in recent months. Limits must be set on the growth of traffic. At the same time, we realize how important it is for prosperity that our country remains the main entrance to Europe and can continue to fulfill its distribution function. The government has made far-reaching proposals to deal with this dilemma. The new cabinet must choose the means by which it can reduce the burden on the environment caused by the car and how sufficient space can be given to business and goods traffic. Painless solutions are not available, however. Twenty years ago, care for water quality was regulated by law. An active environmental policy was then started. We can now say that the polluter did not have to pay for nothing; the water treatment has had beneficial effects. In other respects, however, the problems have been greatly underestimated: they are still so great that they need to be tackled with new impetus. The recently published Water Management Memorandum indicates the way forward. In the coming year, the intentions laid down in the Agricultural Structure Memorandum and the Nature Policy Plan can be worked out. The main objective of the Agricultural Structure Memorandum is to promote competitive, safe and sustainable agriculture. The starting point is that agriculture is an economic activity that must take place with respect for the preservation of the environment as a natural resource. The Nature Policy Plan aims to sustainably preserve, restore and develop natural and landscape values. The industrialized world is currently experiencing its seventh year of increasing economic activity. In the post-war period, the duration of this boom is comparable only to the period of economic prosperity in the 1960s. However, simply assuming that this growth will continue carries major risks. In the past period, the Netherlands has reconnected with other European countries in terms of economic development and business investment. In a number of areas, our country is doing even better. The growth of employment in our country is particularly high; 500,000 more people found work as a result. That is 2 percent per year in the period 1984-1989. Continuing this growth is of great importance. In the coming years, the job opportunities for the long-term unemployed - in particular from ethnic minorities - and women returning to work will have to be improved. An active labor market policy, consisting of training and gaining work experience, deserves continued unabated. The efforts will be brought closer to practice if the Labor Provision Act proposal is passed. Also in 1990, moderate wage cost developments are of crucial importance for continued economic growth and employment recovery. Only moderate wage developments make a more equal income development justified for different groups of citizens; this from the point of view of both employment and the development of public expenditure. For this reason, prompt consultation is required between government and social partners on the development of working conditions and the fight against unemployment in the coming years. Pending new regulations - under the responsibility of the next cabinet - the government currently assumes a 1 percent increase in the minimum wage and social benefits from 1 January next, according to the Adjustment Mechanisms Act currently in force. The government is deeply concerned about the increase in the number of people who are no longer able to participate in the labor process due to incapacity for work. Without further measures, it is expected that the number of people with disabilities will continue to rise. Socially and economically this is not acceptable. The collective tax burden has fallen slightly in the past cabinet term compared to the actual level in 1986. A start was made on lowering tax and premium rates. The amendments to the law as a result of the proposals of the Oort Committee are now being incorporated into wage and income tax. In the period from 1983 to 1990, in particular, the marginal rate of taxes and contributions fell markedly for the vast majority of citizens. This is also important for the proper functioning of the labor market and for moderating wage costs. The budget deficit in 1990 is expected to be 5 percent of national income. Compared to the deficit in 1983, this has halved. It should not be forgotten that natural gas revenues have declined sharply during this period. Reducing the financing deficit has been made possible in part because the share of expenditure in the national income of both the central government and the entire public sector has fallen. Nevertheless, compared to the other countries of the European Community, our public spending, our budget deficit and our public debt are still very high. It therefore remains necessary to be vigilant in the further control of public expenditure, also in the context of Europe 1992. Economic renewal and combating unemployment, especially among young people, require high participation in education and training. As a result, the social and cultural tasks of education are also better reflected. Adult education is a means to keep up with a rapidly changing society. Moreover, this training increasingly strengthens its contribution to increasing opportunities on the labor market. If our country is to maintain its prosperity, we will have to invest in a high level of education coupled with a strong research system. In addition, the rapid developments in science and technology raise ethical questions that require careful handling. The memorandum on science policy in the 1990s sets out the necessary lines for this. In order to guarantee a good health care system that is affordable for everyone in the longer term, a second step is being prepared in the process of renewing its structure and financing. Decision-making on this is planned for the spring of 1990. Particularly important in this respect is the transfer of GP assistance to the Exceptional Medical Expenses Act, so that everyone will be insured for the costs of this assistance. From 1990, not only men but also women who then turn eighteen are expected to build up an independent existence. It is indeed the task of the society to make this possible. This requires activities in the field of training and mediation aimed at promising sectors, further stimulation of positive action and expanding the possibility of combining paid work and caring tasks. An additional amount will be made available in 1990 for the care and services of people with disabilities and the elderly. Part of this can be spent on reducing the workload in the institutions. In addition, we will continue to reduce the backlog, so that waiting lists are shorter. The government recently received an advice on minority policy from the Scientific Council for Government Policy. The government is preparing a preliminary position, which will focus on more effective education and targeted training of immigrant pupils, as well as on a vigorous fight against long-term unemployment among these groups. Media policy is receiving a lot of attention. Changes in circumstances, for example due to European integration in the economic and cultural field, raises the question whether amendment of the law is not necessary. The government has already given an initial response in the form of two amendments to the Media Act. The quality of legislation requires increasing attention from all those involved. This applies not only to the requirements arising from international and Community law, but in particular also to effectiveness and enforceability, simplicity and mutual coordination. The individual ministries will receive support for this from the new Directorate-General for Legislation at the Ministry of Justice. Results are beginning to show in the fight against crime. However, special efforts will continue to be needed to further reduce the level of crime. The strength and equipment of the services and bodies charged with the investigation, prosecution and trial of criminal offenses will therefore continue to receive a great deal of attention in the coming years. In recent years, various forms of crime prevention have proven their value in practice. It is of great importance for the fight against crime that governments, the business community, social institutions and individual citizens, each within their own environment, offer as few opportunities as possible for committing crimes. The relationship between central government and the other governments has improved considerably, partly as a result of the administrative agreements. The relationship between the various authorities will also require attention in the coming years. The position of the metropolitan areas in the Randstad is of great importance, not only because of the concentrated problems there, but also because of the economic potential that is present. A preliminary government response to the advice issued earlier this year by the Montijn Commission and the Council for the Interior has now been published. Before determining a definitive position, consultations are held with the authorities concerned. The approaching completion of the so-called 'downsizing operation' can be regarded as an important phase in the process of reorganizing the government organisation. However, the systematic improvement of the quality and efficiency of the public administration will have to take shape in the coming years, partly in view of the government's position on the labor market. In the Netherlands Antilles, efforts are being made to strengthen the economy and to look for a new, balanced design of the political structure. In Aruba, further thoughts are being formed about the future relationship with the Netherlands. Members of the States General, On your way to the last decade of this century, you have a special responsibility. Much has been achieved, but important choices remain to be made to enshrine everyone's right to a good environment, and to promote the democratic and social legal order at national, European and global level. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. More than ever, this year has shown the European Community's determination to abolish mutual borders within the foreseeable future. This will give our economy new opportunities. Whether we will use it depends largely on ourselves. A well-trained and motivated workforce and modern equipment of our companies will prove indispensable. A solid foundation for this has already been laid in recent years. Much has been achieved through cost moderation, which the social partners have pursued together with the government. Even though unemployment is still too high, the economy has started to grow again, which has strengthened the foundation for our collective facilities. Employment has started to rise again. Compared to the low four years ago, at least three hundred and fifty thousand more men and women are in work today. Investments, which promote the growth power of companies, are no less than a third higher than a few years ago. Sacrifices have been made in recent years, but much has also been achieved. That is why the government wants to continue the policy of cost moderation next year and also make this possible for the social partners. To this end, an important part of the rising tax revenues is used to reduce the general VAT rate by one and a half percent, and to transfer food and medicines to the low rate. In this way the slight price increase, which is now coming at us from abroad, can be reduced. In addition, social premiums can be reduced; after all, due to the rising employment, more people now collectively bring in the necessary amount for benefits. The government expects the To this end, an important part of the rising tax revenues is used to reduce the general VAT rate by one and a half percent, and to transfer food and medicines to the low rate. In this way the slight price increase, which is now coming at us from abroad, can be reduced. In addition, social premiums can be reduced; after all, due to the rising employment, more people now collectively bring in the necessary amount for benefits. The government expects the To this end, an important part of the rising tax revenues is used to reduce the general VAT rate by one and a half percent, and to transfer food and medicines to the low rate. In this way, the slight price increase, which is now coming at us from abroad, can be reduced. In addition, social contributions can be reduced; after all, due to the rising employment, more people now collectively bring in the necessary amount for benefits. The government expects thedecreasing tax rates and social security contributions can ensure that the moderation policy while retaining purchasing power can be continued. At the same time, the financing gap — the new debts that the government incurs year on year — is being reduced step by step. Meanwhile, the interest burden of past debts is weighing heavily on the budget. All in all, Nineteen Eighty-nine could be a prosperous year with rising employment, supported by moderation policies, which will no longer require the major restructurings and sacrifices that were inevitable in the first half of the 1980s. In view of this development, we can look forward to next year with confidence. Yet there is no reason for satisfaction. After all, unemployment threatens, without extra efforts, to remain at too high a level. The question of unemployment is certainly not just a problem of numbers, which could be tackled satisfactorily with numerical targets. Of every three unemployed people registered with the employment offices, one is not fully or immediately available for work. In addition, many who are available are found to be unsuitable for the jobs that are being offered because of their lack of adequate training or experience. For example, the confusing situation threatens that when the economy recovers, more people will enter the labor market, because there are growing job opportunities, while at the same time unemployment remains at an unacceptably high level. This requires a renewal of the labor market policy. More focused attention is needed for training and gaining work experience. Job placement of the long-term unemployed requires a lot of time and attention; the first experiences with the so-called reorientation talks indicate this. The government wants to reach agreement with the social partners and municipalities to give further substance to the intensification of the policy. In the draft budget for next year, extra space has been created for this of two hundred and twenty-five million guilders, rising to six hundred and fifty million, in nineteen ninety. By making these amounts available, the government is deliberately going much further than was envisaged in the coalition agreement in nineteen eighty-six. A second area in which the government proposes to go a step further than the financial framework of the coalition agreement, concerns investments in the infrastructure of our country. These are made possible by successful economic growth, but they are also an indispensable condition for maintaining that growth. The need is becoming more acute every day to do more to improve road, rail and waterways in our densely populated country. This requires not only the unification of the European market, but also the stronger growth of our population. More government investment requires good preparation. This applies both to the implementation of the extensive accessibility plan for the Randstad and to investments in traffic and transport throughout the country. It is proposed that four hundred million guilders more be earmarked for this from nineteen ninety per year. Together with the administrative and financial efforts of provinces, municipalities and the private sector, this could lead to a significantly higher level of investment. In implementing this, attention will also be given to the necessary regulation of mobility and protection of the environment. In this way, the answer will be given to the need to achieve a well-motivated and qualified workforce on the one hand, and a good level of investment and infrastructure on the other. Now that the recovery offers some opportunity to go further financially than was envisaged in the coalition agreement, the government consciously wants to invest more in people and land. Why spend extra resources on employment and infrastructure? In order to prepare ourselves well for the unification of Europe, and because more people get to work and the means are earned to secure other government tasks and welfare facilities for the future. For the same reason, a structural, innovative approach is needed in various areas. When the budget for nineteen eighty-eight was submitted, reference was already made to the intention to simplify and ease the wage and income tax with effect from 1 January ninety-nine. The preparation of these plans is progressing well. On January 1, nineteen eighty-nine, a first important step can be taken towards a necessary renewal of the structure and financing of health care. The measures are intended to guarantee the quality of this, control costs and create better solidarity between the sick and the healthy, young and old, employees and the self-employed. To begin with, a number of important provisions, more than at present, will be financed through the Exceptional Medical Expenses Act. Parallel to this, the income-related premium for the health insurance fund will partly be converted into a fixed amount per person. The consequences of this for the purchasing power of families with children will be absorbed by an increase in child benefit. In the draft memorandum 'Public housing in the 1990s', with a view to good and affordable public housing, a new vision has been given on the division of tasks and responsibilities in this important policy area. The Fourth Memorandum on Spatial Planning recently set out the outlines of further spatial development necessary to keep our country livable. The country has become cleaner in recent years. This applies in particular to air and water. But there is still much to do. The financial efforts of the national government will be increased in the coming years. In addition, the improved competitive position enables the business community to support the tightening of environmental standards. Part of the economic space is thus devoted to the realization of environmental policy. The National Environmental Policy Plan will form the policy framework for the longer term. International action is also urgently needed; in particular given the problems of the ozone layer, atmospheric warming and acidification. Freer international trade remains vital. The government is committed to this in the context of the GATT talks. The envisaged European market must be open in nature, also for the countries of the Third World. The European Community's more market-oriented agricultural policy is beginning to bear fruit; the government continues to support efforts to improve international relations in the production and trade of agricultural products. These developments also give rise to the publication of a structure memorandum for Dutch agriculture. Europe is of and for the citizens. The government intends to allocate additional resources in the coming years to provide information about the internal market as decision-making in the Community progresses. The scope of European integration underlines the significance of the European elections in June next year. Many countries in the Third World are faced with major problems due to strong population growth, heavy debt and growing environmental problems. Economic adjustments, strengthening administrative capacity and an active population policy are urgently needed. In addition to the individual responsibility of those countries themselves, generous, effective, coordinated support from outside cannot be missed. The Netherlands will continue to play its part in this. The government will continue to work on as broad a front as possible to find solutions to the debt problem. In conjunction with this, barriers to trade for developing countries will have to be reduced. The government hopes that a peaceful solution will be found for the problems in the interior of Suriname. This would clear the way for consolidating relations and a well-prepared strengthening of cooperation with this country, where democratic developments are giving hope again. Development cooperation in favor of the Netherlands Antilles will increasingly focus on stimulating economic activity on these islands. The results of Aruba's recovery policy are satisfying. It is encouraging that the improved East-West relations are opening up more room for peace-promoting tasks of the United Nations, to which the government intends to continue to contribute. This gives peace new opportunities and regional conflicts are resolved. The weapons give way to negotiations. The ratification earlier this year of the treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union on medium-range nuclear weapons has been widely welcomed. Hopefully this will continue to provide an impulse to other areas of arms control. It is especially important for Europe's security that the predominance in conventional weapons of the Warsaw Pact is reversed. Efforts in the field of arms control and adequate defense remain the pillars on which our security policy rests, in an Alliance context. In order to maintain a good contribution to Allied defence, the new Defense Plan has set priorities in favor of our defense effort in the Central Sector of Western Europe. In this way, responsible choices can always be made in the future. The government will endeavor to further shape the indispensable European security dimension in the context of the Western European Union. The unification of Europe also requires increasing attention in the field of law enforcement and administration. Preventing and punishing crime requires coordination of activities and legal rules by the judicial and administrative authorities in the different countries. Insufficient coordination is at the expense of a responsible sanctions policy. It is gratifying that policies to combat crime are starting to pay off. Although it is still too early to determine that a turnaround has already occurred, this development gives hope. However, the scale of serious organized crime is worrying. In order to better combat these, a coordinated supralocal approach by the police and the judiciary is needed. The appeal to the shared responsibility of many sections of society in reducing crime has not gone unnoticed. This is discussed in the progress report on the implementation of the 'Society and crime' policy plan. The views of the Scientific Council for Government Policy on law enforcement will also be discussed. The government sees clear support for its policy in this vision; a policy aimed at reinforcing trust in the law and a sense of security among citizens; a policy that is also aimed at strengthening norm awareness and enforcing norms. The government is aiming for legislation that includes a more effective sanctions system and allows for the rapid collection of fines to come into force next year. At the beginning of nineteen eighty-nine, the draft for a revision of the Road Traffic Act will be submitted. Among other things, the design provides the basis for the possibility of better combating alcohol consumption in traffic and of evading insurance and tax obligations when driving a car. All this places high demands on the police. Great attention will therefore be paid to a redistribution of strength in such a way that the police capacity is more in line with the workload. You will receive a bill to revise the Aliens Act these days. The aim of this is to anchor the admission policy more closely in the law in the interests of legal certainty and to ensure more efficient implementation. Decentralization, deregulation and privatization — however difficult — are starting to pay off. Local governments are given more responsibility and the involvement of the national government is reduced. This includes the proposals for deregulation and decentralization submitted by municipalities and provinces themselves. More generally, the administrative agreements have an increasingly better effect on the relationship between the central government on the one hand and the provinces and municipalities on the other. In the series of government activities to be privatized, the largest project, the privatization of the PTT with its hundred thousand employees, is expected to be completed on 1 January. In order to properly perform its tasks aimed at providing services to citizens, the government must have access to the necessary data. The increasing number of automated personal registrations with government and companies fills many with uncertainty and unrest. That is why it is so important that the Personal Records Act is established. In order to safeguard the efficient and careful use of personal data, the government will determine the outlines of a personal information policy for the public sector in the coming year. Government may be required to respect the privacy of citizens as much as possible, but it must also be required to make appropriate use of modern information technology in protecting society and in fighting crime, abuse or evasion. In the field of care for the elderly, the provinces and large municipalities have to deal with the consequences of the aging population. For the purpose of solving bottlenecks that they encounter with this policy, the budget for the old people's homes will be increased by fifty million guilders. Extra amounts will be made available next year to strengthen the care for people with disabilities, a significant part of which will benefit people with a mental disability. Society places high demands on education. Schools must therefore be able to operate well equipped and flexible. Schools should be able to function more independently, less burdened by detailed rules and regulations. The first steps in this direction have been taken. This path will be continued in a well-considered way and in good consultation. The Advisory Committee for the Review of Legislative Projects will play its part in this. This will give shape to a practical approach to deregulation of education regulations for the longer term. It should not be forgotten that the central government retains essential tasks in the field of education and research, as assigned in the Constitution. Even with the important adjustments to student grants, which entail austerity, it has proved necessary, given the self-gratifying growth in participation in education, to increase the budget from nineteen ninety by just under three hundred million guilders. The government is committed to improving the position of minorities in the labor market and in education in particular. Proposals to this end will be discussed in the coming year. The proportion of members of ethnic minority groups in public service will be increased. Promoting the participation in the labor process of disabled employees and combating the outflow due to incapacity for work remain a priority. This is a duty for government and business. Members of the States General, There is reason for some optimism in view of the results achieved. Nevertheless, great efforts will be required from you, especially now that a number of structural and qualitative measures must be given shape for the future. Important policy choices will be made in consultation with You; joint consultation that should be aimed at promoting legal certainty and administrative due diligence, in order to strengthen citizens' confidence in the functioning of legislation and administration. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. I am grateful that I can be in your midst today. During my illness I have received many expressions of sympathy and many good wishes from all parts of the Kingdom. I would like to take this opportunity to express my most heartfelt thanks. In these years the question arises of how society should develop further. With all prosperity there are also feelings of threat, alienation and uncertainty. It is not easy to give one simple and clear answer to questions about the direction of social developments; certainly not if one wants to do justice to the pluriformity that is experienced as valuable everywhere in our country. Nevertheless, the government has to make choices. The core of government policy is formed by: - law enforcement, so that citizens know that they are protected by laws and that violations of the law are reduced in many areas; - greater confidence in the development of citizens and in social connections; - continue with a three-track policy aimed at employment, economic growth and austerity in central government finances; - promoting justice, peace and security, including across borders. In all this, the government wants to base its policy on solidarity, tolerance and responsibility. In a constitutional state such as ours, the basis for effective government action must be the law. Regulations should be in line with the legal consciousness of broad sections of the population; it should be easy to do. The law must not place a disproportionate burden on administration and justice and must be enforceable through criminal law and other sanctions. Improving the quality of legislation is necessary. This will be given a new impulse by setting up a review committee headed by a government commissioner. To guarantee citizens' rights, protection of society against crime and assistance to victims are essential. The visions developed in the 'Society and Crime' policy plan on curbing common crime and combating serious crime should yield noticeable results in the coming year. Today you will be presented with the second progress report. The proposed cuts in public expenditure will completely spare the bodies charged with law enforcement and the police. In order to better fulfill its task, the police are faced with the need for a significant reallocation of resources. Legal protection is important. However, the workload of the Council of State in this area has increased too much. Therefore, you will reach proposals for decentralized adjudication of administrative disputes. In connection with questions about the end of life and dying and the continuing development of medical science and medicine, you will receive a proposal regarding euthanasia. Protection against discrimination will be improved through an amendment to the Criminal Code and through a proposal for a General Equal Treatment Act, which elaborates further on Article 1 of the Constitution. An advisory report was recently issued on laws for victims of war. The government will consider – without any cutbacks, incidentally – which parts of this advice can be adopted for the sake of legal certainty and in the interest of good administrative practice. While a renewed social security system was established during the previous term of office, the foundation must be laid for a new approach to public health during this period. In doing so, the Dekker Committee's proposals will be used as much as possible. In the field of employment provision, proposals for a new set-up have been submitted to the Council of State. Government and organizations of employees and employers share the responsibility in this. In this way, too, the role of the government is more clearly defined. This is also necessary in other areas. Not only for budgetary reasons, but also because many schemes have negative side effects in their operation. Often heard objections are improper use, rigidity, bureaucratization and problems with control. All this leads to the need for austerity and efficiency in subsidies and in legislation and regulations. The mutual coordination of tasks and clear financial agreements between central government, provinces and municipalities are also important for the quality of governance. That is why administrative agreements have been concluded. These force the various governments to treat each other with care during the inevitable reconsideration of numerous regulations. Standing up for the weak and valuable will have to be done by government and society. The government wants to create more space for initiatives by citizens and civil society organisations. Mutual aid is thus developing and will have to gain in significance in addition to professional work. The tax allowance for voluntary work is a positive signal for new initiatives of voluntary assistance in all kinds of places in our society. Our economy has grown stronger over the past three years. The three-track policy is bearing fruit. Investment and employment have increased strongly, even if unemployment is still clearly too high. With every effort it should be possible to hold on to the ascending lines. Last year, agreements were made with employees and employers to further reduce unemployment together. With the policy intentions for 1988, an attempt is made to lay a responsible basis for the joint effort of government and social partners, aimed at strengthening the economy and employment in the longer term. That is why the emphasis remains on keeping labor costs as low as possible, on stimulating technological innovations, on schooling as much as possible and on strengthening infrastructure. All this under the indispensable precondition that the financing deficit must continue to fall. Permanent recovery of the economy is only possible if the government cuts debts and if the collective tax burden falls. Both conditions will be met next year. Nevertheless, government expenditure as a whole still threatens to increase. To compensate for this, the government is proposing austerity measures, especially where spending is growing fastest. After all, the government should keep a close eye on the size of its expenditure. Because unforeseen expenditure overruns pose a threat to sustainable policy, the government considers it necessary to further consider concrete reinforcement of fiscal discipline this autumn. The level of labor costs, so strongly determined by taxes and premiums on wages, still has a hampering effect on employment growth. The government tries to keep these negative influences to a minimum by setting social contributions and tax rates sharply. These are reduced where possible. Using the higher tax revenues again for higher spending would not be the way to go. The reduction in wage and income tax, which the government has chosen, is urgently needed to keep labor costs as low as possible. Compared to the initial intentions, the financial scope for government employees has been slightly increased, also in order to create additional work for the government and to enable some income improvement where the distance to the business community threatens to become too great. An increase in the holiday allowance from 7.5% to 8% is foreseen for people with the minimum wage and benefit recipients. It is proposed to increase the child benefit. All this should mean that maintaining purchasing power is also a real possibility without a wage increase. This serves employment and as a result as many people as possible have the opportunity of income from work. With this same goal in mind, the government has considered the level of the minimum wage. After careful consideration, it was decided not to act on the advice of the majority of the Social and Economic Council to lower the legal minimum wage across the board. It is proposed, however, to abolish the statutory minimum wage up to the age of 18 and to reduce that for a 23-year-old to that for a 22-year-old. With this measure, the government hopes to contribute to reducing high unemployment, especially among younger unemployed people with a low level of education. Promotion of employment is certainly not just a matter of moderating labor costs. Technological innovation is also of great importance. The application of technological knowledge in small and medium-sized enterprises will be promoted through the establishment of regional innovation centres. Technological changes place high demands on the knowledge and skills of the working population. Education, training, gaining work experience and later also further training are of decisive importance for employment and economic growth. Efforts aimed at this are now being strongly stepped up in collaboration with employees and employers. Although these efforts must mainly come from companies and industries themselves, the government will also make a greater contribution to this. The emphasis on training and on an individual approach to the unemployed is necessary, because too many people still do not cross the threshold to enter a company and institution. With targeted programs s need to get more people to work. In that sense, it's not about job plans, but about educating and helping those who are now left out with work experience. Another example of a targeted approach is the Youth Work Guarantee Plan. This plan, which is being implemented together with the municipalities, is intended to ensure that young people find work no matter what and do not become accustomed to long-term unemployment. Redistribution of work remains important. More part-time jobs, shifts and flexible work schedules can lead to more people finding work; early retirement and flexible retirement also give more young people a chance at an earlier stage. With a view to emancipation, women's employment and the growth of girls' participation in vocational education must receive extra attention. The government is proposing to temporarily lower the early retirement age by one year, increase the number of part-time jobs and increase training efforts. Previously approved but not drafted conscripts, some of whom are now unemployed, will be given the opportunity to serve. This gives others the opportunity to postpone training and study more often. Unemployment among ethnic minorities is alarmingly high. That is why a policy plan 'Ethnic minorities in the government' has been developed; but the social partners will also have to contribute to alleviating the unemployment of this disadvantaged group. In the world of education, too, increasing attention is being paid to combating unemployment. The consultation in the Labor Foundation with regard to the efforts for the education of young people and adults has already achieved a lot. The use of the available educational facilities and experience will be promoted. The formation of new sector schools in secondary vocational education contributes to this. In education itself, the government wants to create several thousand new jobs for young teachers. Partly in view of the problem of the aging of the teaching staff, task reduction for older teachers is a good means for that purpose. A balanced foundation of knowledge and skills is indispensable in the education and training of young people. The introduction of basic education in secondary education provides such a foundation for every pupil. The government will introduce the bill this year. The personal contribution for the various forms of higher education will be equalised. In addition, a higher tuition fee is proposed for the student who exceeds the duration of residence of 6 years in higher education. By taking these two measures together, tuition fees in university education can be reduced slightly. Science is developing dynamically. This involves opportunities and risks. At issue are not only the technical and economic possibilities, but also their significance for the norms and values ​​in our society. The new outline of the science policy for the future will devote more attention to this. Despite all efforts, the environment in our country is still under threat from many sides, and is even deteriorating in some respects. In order to protect and improve the quality of the environment, the government wants to intensify cooperation with the social sectors. The long-term vision will be included in a National Environmental Policy Plan. In order to combat acidification, it is necessary to consider further far-reaching measures this autumn. A start is being made with the remediation of polluted aquatic sediments. Nature, landscape and outdoor recreation cannot do without clean water, clean air and clean soil. But clean resources are also indispensable for the continuity of agricultural activity in our country. The manure problem has once again made it clear that careful nature and environmental management is a basic condition for good development of the rural area. To this end, the Nature Policy Plan will be published. In a Memorandum 'Public Housing in the 1990s' policy proposals will be presented with regard to the content and organization of public housing. Particular attention will be paid to the division of responsibilities between central government and other authorities, between civil society organizations and the private sector. The Fourth Memorandum on Spatial Planning will be published around the turn of the year. This will focus on improving the spatial quality of our country and will pay particular attention to the development of the market sector. In many places, especially in the Randstad, traffic jams occur several times a day. That is a source of annoyance and also detrimental to the position of our country in international transport. It is important to tackle traffic and transport problems through a series of coherent measures. A mobility scenario has been developed for the Randstad with provinces and municipalities. Decisions on this issue will be taken in the autumn. However, the cabinet has already decided to approve the construction of four road tunnels, which will be privately financed. The bottlenecks in telecommunications traffic as a result of the rapidly increasing demand are also being tackled. To this end, the PTT will accelerate its investment programme. In the coming period, the European Community will be faced with some important, but also difficult, decisions, especially in the field of agriculture and financing. In view of the vital importance of our country in restoring the balance on the agricultural markets and in a further healthy development of the Community, the government will make every effort to find responsible solutions in consultation with the other Member States. This is also necessary in the interests of people who work in agriculture and fisheries and who are confronted with uncertainties as a result of the necessary control of production. A positive development is that reforms are being undertaken in the Soviet Union, as well as in some Eastern European countries. This could have a beneficial effect on East-West relations. There is now a prospect of a historic turnaround in the arms race, which was considered impossible a few years ago. Complete categories of weapon systems are eligible for abolition, including medium-range missiles intended for deployment in our country. The great supremacy of the Warsaw Pact in the field of conventional armament also limits the possibilities for nuclear disarmament and underlines the importance of controlling conventional arms. Some real growth in defense spending remains necessary. In conjunction with an improvement of the organisation, this should enable our defense to improve in quality. The Western European Union has an important role to play in defining what is specifically important for European security within the Atlantic Alliance and in harmonizing positions on this matter. As chairman, the Netherlands is committed to this. The situation around the Gulf is very serious. The war between Iran and Iraq continues, despite the urgent call from the Security Council to end the armed struggle. The government considers ensuring the right of free shipping in the Gulf of vital importance and wants to make a concrete contribution to this with other Western European countries. Naturally, the safety of the crews of the minehunters involved will be guaranteed as much as possible. The government notes with satisfaction that the importance of respect for human rights and the value of democracy is recognized in more and more countries. The government wants to support young democracies through extra aid efforts in the context of development cooperation. The North-South dialogue is gradually coming back to life. At the recent conference on trade and development, confrontation has been avoided and a policy of commonality has been successfully sought. The aim is to strengthen this trend, including in discussions on the liberalization of world trade. The government is following developments in Suriname with great attention and hopes that the upcoming referendum on the draft constitution and the general elections will enable the Surinamese people to give shape to a democratic Suriname in freedom. After that, a start can be made on normalizing relations. The Netherlands Antilles are confronted with considerable financial and economic problems. Aruba is gradually improving. Within the framework of the resources made available, efforts will be made to supplement and support the recovery policies of both countries as much as possible. Members of the States General, In a pluriform society, recognizable policy requires intensive consultation and decisiveness. You, representatives of the people, bear a heavy responsibility for the many tasks that have been entrusted to you. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. This year, the 450th anniversary of Erasmus's death is commemorated in many countries. As a Christian and humanist, Erasmus argued for tolerance. He did that emphatically as a European at a time when a lot was in motion and in which our nation was emerging. This is not just history, there is also a historical perspective in the work today. The government attaches great importance to the progress of European integration. The Single European Act will be an incentive for faster decision-making, especially aimed at the creation of the Internal Market. Each of the individual Member States is too small in scale to meet the technological and industrial challenge. European cooperation should also play a major role in tackling serious issues, such as unemployment and the environment. In order to ensure the harmonious development of the European Community, an increase in own resources is envisaged from 1 January 1988; however, expenditure, especially in the agricultural sector, will have to be better controlled. The entire western world is struggling with structural surpluses with regard to a number of important agricultural products. This requires internationally to curb this production, so that an open market is maintained and the development of domestic agriculture in the Third World is not harmed. In our countries there is a realization that curbing production can also benefit nature and the landscape. The recovery of the world economy has not alleviated problems for many developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa is suffering from famines. Many developing countries are still struggling with the consequences of their high debt burden, with low prices for their raw materials and with insufficient outlets for their export products. A ministerial meeting is currently taking place in Uruguay to improve international trade rules and counter pressure to close borders to competition from others. This is important, also for developing countries where so many opportunities to create wealth remain untapped. The government also wants to make its contribution to international monetary policy. This involves better policy coordination between the members of the International Monetary Fund, partly in view of the still threatening debt problem. With regard to its own financial effort for developing countries, the government proposes to maintain aid at 1.5% of net national income and to continue striving to increase aid effectiveness. In this way, our country will work on a broad front for developing countries. Our Kingdom partners, the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba, are faced with serious problems of a financial-economic nature that have far-reaching consequences. First and foremost, both countries themselves bear the responsibility for solving these problems. In doing so, all three countries must continue to give substance to one of the basic ideas of the Charter for the Kingdom, namely that the countries help and assist each other. With all the divisions over the issue of cruise weapons, the objective of peace and security policy, which is to prevent war, has never been in question. The alliance's closeness has contributed to the Soviet Union returning to arms control and easing tensions between East and West. It is now a question of responding to this in a responsible manner on the Western side. The new summit, which is now under preparation, will have to serve to bridge the considerable contradictions about how to build safer and more stable relationships. The government will continue to speak out in alliance and other consultations and work for prompt and tangible results in the form of binding and verifiable agreements. Against that background and in that perspective, the government wants to maintain modest growth in defense spending. Preserving freedom must be worth it to us. For example, arms control and an adequate defense effort must continue to guarantee our security and that of other peoples. Freedom and Peace; in this Year of Peace, let us be particularly united within the United Nations in contemplation. The serious situation in South Africa requires special attention. In order to move closer to the abolition of apartheid through a process of negotiations, the government considers continued pressure indispensable. Very topical is the need to take further effective measures against South Africa in the short term in a European context. At the same time, support will be continued for private organizations in that country seeking to abolish apartheid by peaceful means. Problems elsewhere, however serious, We cannot close our eyes to major issues in our own country. The newly appointed cabinet has set itself the goal of further reducing unemployment. The task that the Labor Foundation and the cabinet have accepted is to provide work for the 250,000 men and women with whom the supply on the labor market will grow in the next four years. In addition, existing unemployment will have to be reduced by 200,000 in four years—that is, by 50,000 per year. Although unemployment is already declining as a result of past efforts, the pace will have to be accelerated to achieve this reduction as early as 1987. The key point here is to give more opportunities to those who have been unemployed for a long time now that the economy is improving. This also includes the willingness to further train and train unemployed people who currently have insufficient skills in a company or institution. It now comes down to offering opportunities and seizing opportunities. According to the Foundation Agreement, the participation of the employed and unemployed in training programmes, youth work plans and other options will be the subject of employment conditions consultations. In the field of employment provision, the government, employers and employees now want to bear more joint responsibility. To this end, a new Employment Services Act will be proposed. The initiative of some of your members to exempt from employer contributions when hiring the long-term unemployed is supported by the government. Further details will be given to the youth work guarantee plan and the reinforcement of training efforts for the employed and unemployed. What matters is the determination to achieve results and, in light of this, a willingness on the part of all those involved — government, organizations and the companies themselves — to do more and break new ground. These targeted efforts, in conjunction with economic growth and redistribution of labour, will lead to more work and less unemployment. With a view to this common goal, a controlled development of employment conditions can once again be expected. This is necessary and also possible because, as a result of the fall in prices, purchasing power will improve anyway with continued wage moderation. For the same reason, purchasing power is expected to improve for the vast majority of incomes in the public sector in the coming year, despite the proposed freeze. The pick-up in domestic spending at low prices also has a favorable effect on small and medium-sized enterprises. The mirror image of the more favorable development for citizens as it is now emerging is seen in the government. In 1987 there was a decrease in natural gas revenues of more than 12 billion guilders. That is 8% of the government's income. Such a one-year decline has never occurred before. Absorbing this blow — moreover, this is largely about a lasting reduction — has presented the government with extremely difficult decisions. Sure, a small part of the problem solves itself, because the somewhat higher economic growth automatically leads to more tax revenues. However, if no measures are taken, the central government deficit would increase to more than 11% of national income next year. That would be irresponsible. Therefore, only an increase in the deficit to a maximum of 8% is accepted and that only for one year. To achieve this, it is necessary to limit expenditure. In addition, an increase in indirect taxes is proposed: more excise duties in the energy sector, with effect on natural gas prices and an increase in VAT. Incidentally, these unavoidable increases in the tax burden only slightly diminish the advantage accruing to citizens as a result of the fall in the price of energy and raw materials in particular. Prices only fall less. Due to the favorable development of purchasing power, only a limited amount of a lump sum payment under the real minimum scheme needs to be granted in the following year. Restriction of government spending is still necessary. It must be realized that the natural gas revenues are now suddenly falling to a level of more than 10 years ago, but that the opposite is the case for many government expenditures. The State now has to pay a great deal of interest on debts incurred in the past; no less than approximately 50 million guilders per day! In addition, unemployment-related expenditure is still very high. Finally, there are expenses that are now even increasing. Thus, despite the improved economic situation, the number of people applying for social assistance continues to grow. With all this, there is no point in shifting the burden to the future. In the meantime, balancing public finances in a responsible manner remains an arduous task; all the more so because the government deliberately sets limits when reducing expenditure and increasing revenues, so that in 1987 citizens in general can count on at least retaining purchasing power and in most cases improving purchasing power. However, this premise narrows the field in which expenditure reduction can take place; and this in a situation where so many budget items are fixed or require even higher amounts. This forces the government to make significant cutbacks, where it can. So it continues to be fit and measure and a lot of effort and ingenuity is needed to both bring down unemployment and maintain purchasing power and to get government deficits under control. The difficult trade-offs between government spending and austerity make efforts to combat abuse and fraud all the more important. Much has already been set in motion in recent years and the results are becoming visible. In the coming months, a thorough examination will be made of which measures to combat abuse and fraud will achieve the agreed target of 2 billion guilders in 1990. At the same time, efforts will be made to simplify wages and income tax. The government will present to you this autumn how this can be achieved along the main lines of the Oort Committee's report. In addition to the general socio-economic policy, special efforts are still needed to eliminate disadvantaged positions of groups of citizens. In the field of emancipation, the elimination of unjustified differences in treatment between women and men will be discussed more systematically by setting up a ministerial commission. The promotion of economic independence, especially for the younger generation, will continue to play a central role in this. While we talk so much about solidarity with other peoples, we must also eliminate the disadvantages of minorities in our own country. Here too, the emphasis should be on the younger generation. This will have to be able to develop in our society. That means training, but also the willingness to hire them. The numbers — and we simply cannot live without them — should not make us forget that it is about man and his well-being. That is what all efforts are aimed at. Ultimately, what is achieved there is the touchstone of the policy. Sustainably guaranteeing and improving the quality of society requires commitment and care. This also applies to the design and maintenance of the quality of our country. A global vision of the future of spatial planning will be laid down in the fourth spatial planning memorandum. The seriousness of a number of environmental problems requires drastic measures. For nature and landscape conservation it is important that the continuation of the current policy is secured. More money has been earmarked for soil remediation. Furthermore, if the European Commission allows this, an environmental surcharge under the Investment Account Act will be continued in an adapted form. Urban and village renewal will continue. In public housing, with a declining new-build programme, greater attention will be paid to maintaining and improving the housing stock. Sufficient housing, also for the lower income groups, remains the aim. The trend rent increase has been reduced to 2%. A high point will be reached in the completion of the Delta Works on 4 October. The Oosterschelde storm surge barrier will then be officially put into use. The safety of Zeeland is humanely guaranteed. One coastguard organization will be established for the North Sea, in which the most concerned departments will work together. In order to be able to tackle the bottlenecks on the national roads more quickly, 100 million guilders per year will be added to the National Roads Fund. These amounts are financed from the increase in the excise duty on petrol. The improvement of road safety is planned to be continued in order to achieve a 25% reduction in the number of road casualties by the year 2000. The rapid development of technology increases the need for companies and research institutes to join forces. That is why the government is also stepping up technology policy. This is done both by reallocating resources and by reorganizing the implementation of the policy, whereby the technology institute to be established will give an important impulse. The government wants to take the time to reflect on the situation created by the accident in Chernobyl in the field of nuclear energy. It is important to achieve a better organization of electricity production soon; a bill has been submitted to this effect. The government is aware of the major changes that will take place in the age structure of the population in the coming years. There are more elderly people and especially more very elderly people. These changes will require additional efforts, both financially and with regard to solidarity between citizens. People who cannot or cannot easily take care of themselves have the right to continue to fall back on reasonable facilities. This fact, In the meantime, together with the current sparing of benefits to war and resistance victims and the maintenance of expenditure on art, given the necessary cutbacks in the field of welfare and culture, the proposal has meanwhile forced a relatively serious interventions in socio-cultural work. An independent committee has been set up to ensure careful control of healthcare costs. A high-quality education and research system cannot be missed in a modern society. The necessary detours have therefore been chosen in such a way that they are aimed at increasing efficiency so as not to affect the quality and essential tasks of education. At the same time, great attention is being paid to strengthening vocational education and fundamental research. The creation of sector schools in secondary vocational education and additional investments in modern equipment for teaching and research are part of that reinforcement. The quality of higher education can be promoted by strengthening the preparatory training in secondary education. That is why the exam package in HAVO and VWO will be broadened and the choice of subjects will be improved. The study and career choice of girls will be given an extra incentive. In higher education, training will be concentrated in a few sectors in order to maintain a balance with social needs. In this way, the high-quality research can also be maintained. It is a privilege to live in a country that can call itself a constitutional state. Public confidence in this must be preserved. Therefore, a great deal of attention will be given to preventing and combating crime. The implementation of the “Society and Crime” plan will therefore be continued. Assistance to victims of crime should also be promoted. A good and swift judicial process is indispensable in a constitutional state. Efforts will therefore continue to be made to enable the judiciary to perform its task properly. Capacity building in the prison system should allow swift enforcement of court orders. Effective crime prevention requires closer cooperation between the various police forces. In addition, the integration of police training will continue. Everyone is expected to make a major effort to turn the tide of increasing crime, including society itself. In the case of the municipalities, this mainly concerns the implementation of the programs to combat crime. In domestic governance, the government continues to focus on increasing the policy freedom of local governments. The government hopes to be able to conclude administrative agreements in the short term. Further proposals for municipal reclassification will be made as soon as possible, so that uncertain situations for the local authorities involved do not last longer than strictly necessary. The proposal for a complete revision of the Electoral Act will be presented to you in the second half of 1987. In order to gradually shape a smaller but better functioning National Service, in 1987 the staff will continue to be reduced by 2% in a number of service units. However, this will now also apply to civilian personnel of Defense and the General Civil Pension Fund. In addition, a general efficiency discount of 1% will apply. Where the reduction cannot be fully absorbed by natural attrition, relocation is promoted. When assessing the long-term development of the size of the Central Government Agency, it should be noted that expansions are sometimes unavoidable in the case of reductions across a broad front. Moreover, the continued effort with regard to the division of labor means, on which agreements still have to be made with the unions for the coming years, that reoccupation and expansion will partly offset the effect of the downsizing. Members of the States General, The budget that is submitted today and the overview of policy proposals that are presented to you make it clear what difficult task the government and parliament face together. Many contemporary problems require a vigorous approach to be determined in mutual consultation. Politicians cannot do this alone. Politics can keep alive the tolerance that Erasmus so fervently advocated. You, representatives of the people, bear a heavy responsibility for the many tasks that have been entrusted to you. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. The favorable turn our economy took last year is striking. Finally, after many years of decline, corporate employment is growing again; part-time jobs, general short-time working and the various youth plans also offer more and more job opportunities. For example, 65,000 more people are expected to be employed this year. This time for the better, the government reaffirms its conviction that the policy pursued must be continued; a policy aimed at growth and division of labor in such a way that work for more people goes hand in hand with a more resilient economy. Heavy sacrifices have been made for that policy. Many disabled people and others who, once unemployed, could no longer find work, have had to bear the burden but have not been able to reap the benefits. The government realizes this is bittersweet. At the same time, it must be noted that without this policy there would now be many more unemployed, while the level of benefits would be threatened by further erosion due to a lack of economic support. The government does not want to pretend that only its policy has led to improvement. In fact, the results are now also becoming visible of what was agreed between employees and employers in the Labor Foundation in 1982 regarding the recovery of returns and the redistribution of labour. The freedom left to the social partners since then has greatly contributed to the recovery and the opportunity to benefit from the improvement in the global economy. One of the pressing problems for the government was the constantly growing deficit and the temptation to shift debts into the future. The increasing interest charges, arising from debts incurred, threatened to leave less and less room for useful expenses. This couldn't go on. That is why the government has become much more frugal in spending. Despite ever-increasing interest charges, the deficit has narrowed year on year since 1983. That will happen again next year. This policy, aimed at reducing the deficit, must be maintained for a number of years. The moderation of labor costs has contributed to mastering the currency depreciation. In connection with this, it is proposed to limit the general rent increase to two percent, while the expected development of energy prices will also allow the price of natural gas to rise less sharply. Strengthening the position of business has helped to restore confidence in our economy. Fortunately, much has been achieved here too, mainly thanks to the moderation of labor costs. Interest rates are now gradually falling. Now that domestic sales are also clearly growing, more sectors of our business community can share in the recovery of returns. Small and medium-sized enterprises in particular will benefit from this. Gradually, government activities must again be supported by a strong business community, instead of businesses relying more and more on a subsidizing government, which incurs debts for this. Given the improved position of the business community and in view of the need for a continued reduction in the financing deficit, only a small amount of money will be allocated in 1986 for further tax cuts. Doing more than is currently proposed would not be justifiable. However, changes will take place. The premium for the child benefit paid by companies and the self-employed can be reduced if the new system of student grants is accepted. On the other hand, it will be proposed that premiums under the Investment Account Act should only be given to citizens or companies that pay taxes. A solution is being sought for some specific problems in small and medium-sized enterprises and the shipping industry. Administrative obligations are a burden on business. That is why the government will take decisions in the short term on concrete proposals that have been made to it. There is also a question of the right measure of regulation in the agricultural sector, given the saturation of the international market and the boundaries related to soil fertility and nature. Innovations are underway in many areas. In this way, computer science, automation and telecommunications can be developed for the benefit of society. This requires a joint effort by the government and the social sectors involved. Success is already being achieved in some important activities, such as in the context of the IT incentive plan; but there is still much to be done in research and development. Although some economic growth is being achieved again, the expenditure of that growth for the sake of employment must be used with extreme caution. For purchasing power, this means that it is still time to increase the competitiveness of companies, to make the government a good, but also affordable, services and to fund redistribution of work. In addition to a full inflation adjustment, there is still no room for tax cuts. The government deficit is still too great for that. In addition, revenues from natural gas will fall sharply in the coming years. However, when the economy recovers, as a result of which more people pay the social security contributions, as well as through cutbacks in social security, the contributions can be set lower. This means a support for purchasing power. In all discussions about improving the purchasing power of various groups of citizens, sometimes involving half a percentage, it is worth pointing out that the greatest loss of purchasing power occurs in the event of loss of work. This can be tens of percentages. That's why it's so important, also for those who do not have a job, that workers through moderation contribute to the preservation of purchasing power and the chance of work. In line with what has been agreed in and with the Labor Foundation, two subjects will have to be given special attention in the consultations with the social partners. First of all, there are bottlenecks in the labor market, where the shortage of people with certain training and professional knowledge stands in the way of further growth and division of work. In addition, special attention is needed for the long-term unemployed. At a time when so many who are looking for a job are regaining prospects, we can be even less convinced that hundreds of thousands are long-term unemployed and that so many young people would adjust to permanent unemployment and become accustomed to it. The government will also pay more attention to the issue that the total amount of taxes, premiums and subsidies means that citizens sometimes have virtually nothing left over from an extra guilder. All efforts in favor of employment, prosperity and lower government deficits must also be answered. structural changes in society. Provisions must be adapted to changed circumstances and insights. In addition to the aging population, the need for individualisation, emancipation and greater personal responsibility, as well as the need for greater solidarity between citizens and less passing on to the government, are also important in this regard. Hopefully the “Emancipation Policy Plan” will be dealt with soon. are thorough adaptations of several decades-old regulations and provisions to changed social relationships and insights of today. The rationale for these proposals is therefore not first of all cutbacks; they do aim to control costs and prevent them from being increasingly passed on to the government. The main thing, however, is a thorough renewal. This is desperately needed, because without adjustments, standing still would lead to injustice. The government attaches great importance to a swift handling of these proposals with a view to clarity and real prospects of social security. Adaptation to new times is also an issue in public health. Although there is still much to be done to control costs, the way in which people experience their own responsibility in budgeting, for example, deserves appreciation. Modern medicine presents us with pervasive problems surrounding new life and death. Both are of the utmost importance for a society that respects human values ​​and wishes to be characterized by respect for life. While retaining everyone's own responsibility, our constitutional state cannot ignore questions that impose themselves here. The government is grateful for the report of the state commission — euthanasia and will determine its position shortly. Adaptations to new times also apply to the education and research system, which, with the completion of an extensive legislative program, is given a foundation that is prepared for the future. Research, education and training enhance the chances of finding work and the quality of the economy. In addition to vocational education and apprenticeships, further training and retraining of adults will also receive an additional incentive through consultation with the social partners. Special attention will continue to be paid to students who need more guidance in order to develop. Special education and the educational priority policy play a central role in this. In this way, the underprivileged will still have opportunities. Adjustments are also inevitable in media policy, especially with regard to broadcasting. The government is counting on a fruitful dialogue about the proposed new media law. Increasing crime and the feeling of insecurity present us with major problems. The implementation of the policy plan “Society and crime” will require a great deal of effort in the coming years, but if the government, including the local government,If the various departments work well together, it must be possible to reduce crime again. Criminal justice alone is not sufficient for tackling crime — certainly when it comes to the massively occurring petty crime. However, those who apply the criminal justice system must have sufficient manpower and resources, with an adequate prison capacity as the final element for the more serious forms of crime. When it comes to the quality of our society, we must all promote tolerance towards each other and constantly fight discrimination in all its forms. The government should leave no doubt that all citizens should have equal opportunities. This basic principle has its effect in many areas. The National Bureau against Racism has started work independently of the government. Another example is the government's attempt to speak out about the rights and obligations of those living together in and out of wedlock. It is also worth mentioning that next year non-Dutch residents will take part in the municipal elections for the first time. A good organization of our country requires constant effort. The fact that it has proved possible to further reduce the housing shortage and that so much can be done for urban renewal is a matter of gratitude. The first multi-year outdoor recreation and tourism program is also important. When it comes to caring for the environment, problems such as acid rain, the manure surplus and the channeling of waste streams will continue to require a lot of attention. In addition to the management of our country, the importance of our culture dictates that we consciously spare the arts, museums and conservation of monuments when making changes. In 1986 the storm surge barrier in the Oosterschelde will be completed, which will be a historic moment in the fight against flood disasters. The aim is to have the Delta Works completely ready by 1990. A twelfth joins the row of provinces: Flevoland, with its own administration. As part of the reorganization of the civil service, the number of advisory committees will be drastically reduced. It goes without saying that some structural changes take time. After all, deregulation, decentralization and privatization do not directly belong to the traditional departmental culture. Yet progress has already been made; this will be stated in the budget per ministry this year. For the first time in decades, the volume of government labor is reduced during a government term. Nevertheless, more people can find work at the national government, thanks to the reduction of working hours, part-time work and the youth work plan. The structure of the Kingdom will undergo a major change from January 1, 1986. Aruba will then, on its way to intended independence, become a separate country, alongside the Netherlands and the Netherlands Antilles. From 1 January 1986, the Netherlands will hold the presidency of the European Community for six months. The problems of the internal market and free trade, the Europe of technology, the common agricultural policy and environmental problems will then require even more effort. This is particularly true for better decision-making in Europe. The situation in the developing countries is not hopeless, but it does require further efforts in a wide area. The Netherlands wants to remain at the forefront of this, also with regard to aid. That is why a number of far-reaching decisions have been taken to ensure that one and a half percent of the net national income will be actually and structurally available annually and to resolve the reservoir problem that has been lingering for years. As a result, the budget for development cooperation is clearly increased in 1986. The situation in South Africa is a matter of deep concern to the government. The Dutch government condemns the apartheid policy of the government of South Africa as a denial of the fundamental equality of people. Realizing, that all in South Africa themselves should come to constructive discussions about their common future, the government, together with European partners, is trying to contribute where possible to the much-needed process of change. The issue of peace and security will continue to demand everyone's attention in the coming parliamentary year. The size of the armaments already in place continues to imply an appeal to limitations, especially now that technological development presents us with new issues. With regard to the possible placement of cruise flight weapons in the Netherlands, our country took the 1 June decision last year. That decision was and is aimed at turning the arms race around. It contained an invitation to the Soviet Union to limit the number of SS 20 systems installed to a maximum of 378 — that's how many there were then — or to reduce the number again before November 1, 1985. With this decision, which has received your support, it has become clear to the Soviet Union where, and where only, there is the possibility of having the Netherlands renounce placement after all and forty years after the Second World War a favorable turn in the arms race. Following on from this, it will be determined on 1 November whether an agreement should be concluded with the United States on the placement of cruise missiles on Dutch territory. In connection with this, the nuclear tasks, as performed by our armed forces, will also be be taken into further consideration. The government realizes that there are very different views on the possible placement of cruise flight weapons in our society. In all differences of opinion, a common element is a deep commitment to and serious concern for peace and security in the world, as well as the task of our country in that regard. The subject deserves thorough discussion in a democracy with respect for everyone's deeply held convictions; respect also for the different responsibilities, which each one is given; Finally, respect for democratic decision-making. Members of the States General, The government would like to thank you for the joint consultation. Many tasks and concerns have been entrusted to you, representatives of the people. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. In the government statement two years ago, the government set out a policy to maintain prosperity and restore employment. This policy has been referred to as the three-track policy: a government that incurs less debt: a powerful business community that can provide more work: a society in which work is organized in such a way that everyone has the opportunity to develop in it. The budget presented to you today shows that the sacrifices made are not in vain. Employment is finally rising again; the government deficit is falling. Public expenditure had risen far too much in the past. This has led to too high deficits and too high taxes and social contributions. Now, despite the still rising interest charges, the share of public expenditure in national income is slowly but surely returning. This makes it possible to — for the first time in many years, forgo tax increases. Efforts are also being made to achieve a fairer distribution of the tax burden. This is done by means of the so-called dual earner measure, which takes into account the actual carrying capacity. This measure is combined with a reduction in wage and income tax. Social contributions will fall next year for citizens and businesses. In this way a significant reduction in the burden on the business community is also achieved, which can lead to lower labor costs and more work. The development of labor costs in the business world remains, of course, primarily the responsibility of employees and employers. After all, they conclude collective labor agreements with each other. The budget does make it possible to enter into responsible collective agreements. Thanks to the very small price increase, it can be achieved that not the price compensation, but lower taxes and premiums, with constant gross salaries, to preserve purchasing power. In this way, conditions are created to continue strengthening the position of the business community and involving more people in the labor process. The conditions under which the self-employed acquire an income are also being improved step by step. After years of expansion, the agricultural sector is going through a difficult period. Painful adjustments to avoid overproduction are necessary. The special place that agriculture has been given in the package of tax reductions, is also intended to mitigate the effects of this adjustment process. The rapid succession of technological innovations and the changes in the international production structure require great effort in the development of science and technology. They also place high demands on the adaptability of the companies and on those who work in them. In this way new and different work takes the place of what is disappearing. More and more education and scientific research have to support this; hence the increased effort in the field of information technology. Only innovation-oriented businesses with competitive labor costs can sustain our prosperity. In addition, redistribution of work and reduction of working hours are indispensable. This is a difficult process of fitting and measuring, which has to be done in the organization per industry, or even per company. It is difficult because reduction of working hours and redistribution of work should not lead to less but to more production. This is only possible if the relationship goes hand in hand with different work schedules, flexible working hours, longer operating hours. This is a heavy task for employers and employees, and therefore just as much for the government as the largest employer. This effort must go hand in hand with a strong approach to tackling youth unemployment. It is therefore gratifying that the central workers' and employers' organisations, united in the Labor Foundation, have agreed on recommendations to tackle youth unemployment on a massive scale. Likewise, the agreement between cabinet, social partners and educational organizations on joint responsibility for vocational education led to a breakthrough. The apprenticeship scheme for business will be expanded by 40,000 places. In this way young people, who are well educated and skilled, will come to strengthen the business community. From now on they will also be hired in so-called growth jobs at the government. This means that 15,000 more young people will be able to work for the government next year. In this way, the business community and the government will jointly ensure a significant improvement in the position of school leavers. In addition, the government has a special responsibility for the long-term unemployed. Young people who have been unemployed for more than two years in particular will be given a new chance through the so-called “START” plan. 1985 has been declared the Year of Youth by the United Nations. What matters most is what can happen to the youth. The school leavers of the eighties; two and a half million boys and girls will soon have to become the heart of the working generation. We face this immense task together. Despite the need to control the level of expenditure in social security, the purchasing power of the social minima can fortunately be maintained, due to the modest price increase and the reduction of taxes and social contributions. However, the above-minimum benefits will be reduced to 70% of the gross salary. Where of those who depend on benefits for a long time, If this sacrifice is required, it is reasonable to also cut short-term benefits. That is why amendments are proposed in the Sickness Benefits Act. These reductions will not apply to people who only earn the minimum wage and have to support others on it. By taking these measures for the above-minimum benefits, general discounts, which would inevitably also affect the minimum incomes, are prevented. The responsibility for possibly supplementing the sickness benefit above the reduced statutory level lies with the social partners, employees and employers themselves. Nevertheless, a temporary provision will be proposed, which should prevent higher extra-statutory costs from being automatically passed on to employers. However, this will only apply if and as long as there is no new agreement after the current collective labor agreements. Equal treatment of men and women also necessitates a radical adjustment of our social security system. This means, among other things, that soon men and women will each receive an AOW benefit. A family allowance law will be introduced to prevent married couples or cohabitants who have to live on one benefit from falling below the social minimum applicable to them. In this way, the need for equal treatment of men and women, as well as the demands of justice and capacity are met. Proposals will also be submitted this year to simplify our health insurance system and to better regulate solidarity between groups with different health risks. In this way the contours of a social insurance system that will be sustainable again become visible. In order to curb public expenditure and maintain employment, a contribution will also have to be asked next year from those working in the public sector. The aim is to avoid new gross discounts on salaries. Agreement was reached on a dispute settlement with the exchanges of government personnel. Proposals to revise the consultation system are also being prepared. The government hopes to submit a bill to you shortly to regulate the right to strike for civil servants. The government has a duty to handle the funds entrusted to it with care. Critical assessment of the size and functioning of the government apparatus is also necessary. What matters here is that the government and representatives of the people transfer tasks and responsibilities to lower levels of government, or leave them to society and only accept their own new tasks in self-limitation. Extensive programs of new construction, home improvement and urban renewal are being implemented, despite the heavy budgetary burden. Although these programs are benefiting from a more favorable development in construction costs, unfortunately the high interest rates do not yet make it possible to switch to less rent increases. Even with rising rents, government spending on public housing continues to increase significantly. The government also pushes the limits of its financial capabilities to protect and improve our environment. This is necessary so that more people can continue to live in a cleaner environment in the future. The government's responsibility for welfare and public health will be reassessed these years. The cabinet is working on a reassessment of our welfare state. In the case of health care and social services, it is first of all a matter of structuring them in such a way that there is less pressure on hospitals, nursing homes and homes for the elderly. Customized care, close to home, must therefore be given priority: then there will also be less need for more and more expensive medical facilities. Citizens and society will be given more room to exert influence on the welfare facilities offered – also through their municipality and province – and to bear greater responsibility for themselves. The bills to be discussed are aimed at this. In recent years, major concerns have emerged with regard to other government tasks. This mainly concerns the safety of citizens and the functioning of the rule of law. Crime must be reduced. This requires a well-equipped police and judiciary, and sufficient possibilities to enforce sentences. The capacity of the prison system will be expanded. In everything the government does to increase the security of citizens and to maintain their trust in the rule of law, she cannot avoid setting priorities. Maintaining and improving the rule of law requires clearer and stricter action against crime and vandalism, as well as sound legislation. True freedom listens to laws. But then those laws must be essential, not unnecessarily complicated and enforceable in practice. In fact, it means that we must simultaneously test our system of laws for what is superfluous — the so-called deregulation — and, where necessary, make new laws. We must also give greater weight to compliance with the law. Unfortunately, concerns about the rule of law today also include concerns about expressions of discrimination based on origin, skin color or race. We must be clear about this. The police and the Public Prosecution Service will continue to act actively. Reducing the disadvantages of minorities will be given special emphasis in the coming year with the submission of the bill granting the right to vote to non-Dutch residents. In the efforts to give meaning in our country to a more just and safer world, light and shadow alternate; but there is more to be thankful for. That is all the more incentive to keep a close eye on our international obligations — our living together and cooperating with other peoples. First of all, this applies within the Kingdom itself, where the government will continue to lend its full cooperation to the elaboration of the results of the Round Table Conference with the Netherlands Antilles. Together with the other Member States of the European Community, we are working towards a Europe that is credible for its citizens. The 40-year Benelux cooperation will also contribute to this aim. It is about a Europe without borders, with a real free movement of people, goods and services; a Europe in which there is also the will to jointly develop and apply new technologies. Only in this way will it be possible to create a strong Community, which will soon be expanded to include Spain and Portugal. Under the threat of increasing protectionism, the development of the world economy continues to require great effort. In particular, the international debt problem, exacerbated by the persistently high interest rates, is disruptive for a number of countries. While there are bright spots in the developing world, poverty, hunger and severe underemployment still characterize the situation in many developing countries, especially those with the lowest incomes. We will continue to use our best strengths and capabilities for a sustainable solution. That is why the aid effort remains one and a half percent of the net national income. This will primarily benefit the developing countries, but in the longer term it will also contribute to our own prosperity. A credible and cohesive western defense system remains indispensable to preserve freedom and to keep the peace. The Defense Memorandum sets out how our armed forces will contribute to this over the next ten years. At the same time, our alliance's efforts to bring about a substantial relaxation and containment of the arms race must be continued, especially now that relations between East and West are so cold and filled with mistrust. In addition to arms control, human, cultural and economic contacts should promote relaxation. With the decision regarding the possible placement of cruise missiles on Dutch territory, the government has made every effort to give arms control a chance, without damaging the solidarity with the alliance. Unfortunately, there is as yet no indication that the Soviet Union will cease further expansion of its SS 20 arsenals, or is prepared to return to the negotiating table. Members of the States General, Slowly but surely we are getting out of the doldrums with the economy and employment. That justifies continuing along the chosen path. The government is determined to do so. We can make something good of the quality of our life and work. That requires special efforts. Next year we will commemorate the 40th anniversary of the liberation of our country. This is cause for gratitude, but that is not enough. Let us show ourselves worthy of peace and freedom. We must prevent war, but above all give meaning to peace in our country and beyond its borders. In all differences of opinion, this is our joint task. Many tasks and concerns have been entrusted to you, representatives of the people. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. Our country is being put to the test in these years. Many lost their jobs. Many young people were not yet able to get started. The increasing financial deficits of the government could not remedy this. These have only led to ever-higher interest charges and thus to larger deficits. Legislation and employment of land and citizens were increasingly affected. The budget presented to you today and the government's policy are therefore primarily aimed at breaking through this situation. Adjustments are necessary for the recovery. The government is aware that some of these affect citizens and groups of citizens very painfully due to a decline in income, major changes in working and living conditions, or the emergence of insecurity. Nevertheless, the government does not want to shy away from the necessary interventions. There is too much at stake. The disruption of prosperity and employment, which has become increasingly serious in recent years, must be stopped, only then can we work together on recovery. Recovery is possible. That is why we must now continue. Together we can overcome the difficulties, so that there will again be security for the elderly and opportunities for the young. The improving international tide is enabling us to make a change for the better. The changes in social security are aimed at keeping this system affordable. In order to distribute the pain fairly, we opted for partly a general reduction and partly a special adjustment of the higher benefits. Partly on the basis of the advice of the Social and Economic Council and in consultation with you, Members of the States General, a renewed, fair and affordable system of social security will have to be worked out in the coming years. The proposed measures make it possible to reduce social contributions in favor of workers and beneficiaries. In this way, the loss of purchasing power can be limited somewhat. This makes it easier for the workers to forego price compensation and to use it for redistribution of work and for strengthening the company or institution where they work. For example, the policy line agreed with employees and employers last autumn to focus the employment conditions consultations on this will be strengthened. The enormous influx of young people and women into the labor market makes the division of work through part-time jobs and otherwise a necessity. That is difficult, but we must still organize the work in such a way that more people have opportunities. We owe each other that. Income sacrifices of civil servants and those employed in government-funded institutions, are also necessary to maintain the existing employment there as well as possible; at the same time, however, also to give more citizens the opportunity to find work and income through the redistribution of available employment. This involves tens of thousands. The employment memorandum published today discusses the recovery of the economy and employment, the division of work and the possibilities for benefit recipients to perform meaningful work outside the home. The business community, existing and new companies, and all those who work in it, will have to become the basis for growing employment and prosperity again. To this end, we must reduce the government deficit and the pressure of taxes and contributions. A strong impetus is now being given to this. The budget deficit is going to decrease, albeit modestly. The social contribution pressure drops considerably. Despite tax measures, the total tax burden in society does not rise. Even with the government's tight coffers, the government has proposed a tax cut for business; for companies and the self-employed. The government is presenting more frugal budgets today. However, in order to prevent government tasks from being cut back too sharply due to the rising interest burden and the sharply rising costs of unemployment at the expense of the national budget, tax measures must be taken. These aggravations are therefore opposed to reliefs. The tax measures have been chosen in such a way that they clearly weigh most heavily on higher-income citizens. In this way, the burden of higher unemployment and the amounts involved in the reduction of the tax burden for businesses will be divided according to their capacity, and money will also be available next year for a special benefit to those who have to live on the minimum. The recovery of employment cannot only be about reducing tax burdens and controlling costs. That is why the cabinet has also made a start on simplifying the regulations in our country. This target is not only meaningful for the economy. Citizens and companies are entitled to a government that is sober in its regulations. Strictly where necessary, but not comprehensive and bureaucratic. A government that abstains from what can be done at least as well by others. A government that imposes restrictions on itself, but is clear and rigid there, where it needs to act, such as in the fight against fraud, drug trafficking and environmental degradation. If we succeed in this, the rule of law will gain in credibility and strength. The maintenance of a strong constitutional state, a precondition for the preservation of our democracy, is one of our first tasks. However, the rule of law can only thrive in a society in which all citizens have the opportunity to develop, in which emancipation can be realized, where national and group traditions can be experienced and where groups with different views and customs tolerate and value each other. The feeling of insecurity and lack of security, and sometimes even a feeling of being out of control are certainly not only due to the economic downturn. That is why the fabric of society is so important, from family to neighbourhood, from one's own association to a multifaceted media, with which one can know oneself, where one feels at home. Our constitutional state also benefits from better administrative relations; with control as close as possible to the citizens. In view of this, the difficult path of decentralization will be continued. The quality of society must be determined by the attitude and effort of the citizen. This applies to the issue of minorities who must be able to find their place in our society. This applies to education, where, in addition to the necessary austerity, a lot of work is being done on important new plans, especially in secondary education; short secondary vocational education and the apprenticeship system pose a particular challenge there. Important initiatives in the field of adult education and in the application of information technology in education and research are just examples of the fact that the role of education in society is increasing rather than decreasing. If one looks at the development of the national budget, it is striking how steady the efforts are for urban renewal and the improvement of the environment. These are deliberate priorities. We have to realize this when budget cuts are made elsewhere. The same quality of society is expressed in public health, care for the elderly and in cultural policy. Here too, the government, in close consultation with the States General, will take initiatives to make things simpler and better with the available resources, based more on the possibilities and responsibilities of citizens themselves. This is not primarily an administrative-technical issue; well-being and well-being policy must, after all, have their roots in distributed responsibility and justice. The action program presented by the cabinet today shows series of concrete administrative efforts. Here and now it is about the choice for administrative action by a government that wants to base itself on the strength of the citizens, on their solidarity and which wants to organize society in such a way that what is weaker is not pushed off the road. Our country can once again rejoice in preserving peace this year. Unfortunately, developments in the political and military relations between East and West still offer little prospect of a substantial reduction of existing contradictions. An adequate defense effort by the Western Alliance remains necessary to maintain peace and security. The price we pay ourselves in connection with this is certainly not too high. The defense memorandum will set out the plans for our armed forces for the next ten years. The cabinet continues to hammer home and outside the alliance on the anvil of arms control. It must be possible to break the arms race without taking too great a risk, given our responsibility to prevent war. The implementation of the 1979 NATO double decision on medium-range nuclear missiles and the discussions on it in Geneva are now entering an important phase. Deployment of new missiles on the NATO side should be avoided as much as possible, but on the other hand, the medium-range missiles on the other side should be dismantled. If this goal cannot be achieved in one step, intermediate solutions should be pursued vigorously. The government wants to pursue a coherent policy in the entire field of nuclear weapons. In addition to promoting the negotiations in Geneva, it is therefore committed to reducing dependence on other nuclear weapons, in particular short-range weapons. To achieve real results in arms control and in reducing the role of nuclear weapons, alliance cooperation is indispensable. The numerous regional conflicts and wars in the world make it clear how much the conditions for preserving peace are still lacking. In addition to the risks associated with too many weapons, the contrast to the poverty in so many countries provides a constant spur to arms control. The poorest developing countries, in particular, have been plagued for years now by stagnation and decline, bringing with it unacceptable poverty for many millions of people there. It must be our duty to do everything we can to help alleviate this need. Fortunately, a number of developing countries have successfully freed themselves from stagnation and underdevelopment and have reached a certain rate of growth. Therefore, in addition to continuing to support the poorest developing countries, we must promote economic cooperation with these countries. This will not only help combat poverty, but also restore more favorable economic developments in the world and in our country. With regard to the Netherlands Antilles, we can look back on a successful round table conference. It now comes down to the elaboration of the results. Our country also bears its own responsibility for the European Community. We must make every effort to preserve and further develop this Community, which is important for prosperity and development in freedom. That too requires adjustment and innovation. Only in this way can agricultural policy continue to fulfill its good role and new tasks, including transport policy, can be tackled. Only in this way can the Community be provided with a sound financial basis and remain affordable. And only in this way is it possible for the accession of Spain and Portugal to take place responsibly. Members of the States General, Next year we will commemorate the death anniversary, that 400 years ago, of William the Silent, the Father of the Fatherland. A long series of generations has since built our country into what it is today. In this generation, too, efforts and solidarity are required of all Dutch people. Again and again we have to give contemporary content to our traditions of freedom and of respect for each other's norms and values, protecting and keeping alive. Our democracy is a great asset. Under this democracy, you, Members of Parliament, are entrusted with many tasks and concerns. I sincerely wish you that God's blessing rests on your work. A Speech from the Throne, delivered under the responsibility of a caretaker cabinet, cannot describe plans and initiatives with which the government intends to shape the policy to be pursued in the new parliamentary year. It is appropriate, however, to consider the problems facing our country and to indicate the measures which, in view of the seriousness and scope of these problems, the government believes should be taken without delay in order to open up prospects for economic recovery. . The global economy is showing signs of serious stagnation. Production is no longer growing, world trade is barely growing. Unemployment is rising sharply. Ten percent of the working population in the European Community is unemployed. The Netherlands shares in this general malaise, but in our country the problem of the shortage of employment is exacerbated by the fact that the working population and with it the demand for work is growing much faster here than elsewhere in Western Europe. Although some recovery is to be expected for next year, this will not be nearly sufficient to stop the rise in unemployment. It appears that the recovery of employment will take many years to come. It will be necessary to pursue a policy of persistence and patience over a series of years, aimed at curbing public expenditure and thereby curbing the continuous increase in public burdens and reducing the government financing deficit. Otherwise, business will become increasingly oppressed. Without a revival in activity, reflected in investment, there can be no sustainable recovery of employment. The cabinet has decided to reduce the burden on companies by one billion guilders. The Company for Industrial Projects, founded to accelerate the industrialization of our country, will hopefully be able to start in a few months. These days you have received notes promising a new policy to encourage small and medium-sized enterprises. Some of the measures described therein also benefit agriculture and horticulture. In the government statement, the interim cabinet announced that it would promote the submission of a fully-fledged budget in September, although the formation of a new cabinet would have been started by then. Since then, it has become even clearer that a solid budget for 1983 must not be forthcoming. If the government financing gap is not tackled vigorously, public finances will become unmanageable. If the government budget deficit remains at the current level, then the government will soon have to spend one of every five guilders it has to spend to pay the interest on the national debt. This would inevitably come at the expense of expenditure on public services. Moreover, by borrowing more and more from the capital market, the government is making it increasingly difficult for companies to acquire the means to invest. The draft budget presented to you today therefore contains far-reaching measures. They are needed now to prevent a financial upheaval in the future. The government has sought the necessary savings on public expenditure as far as possible outside of government investments, in order to avoid direct damage to employment. For example, the total budget for public housing and urban renewal has not been cut. Within that budget, more money has been made available for urban renewal. The necessary cutbacks have mainly been found in the incomes paid from community resources. According to the information now known, the government believes that incomes in the public sector should be maintained in 1983 at the level that will have been reached by the end of 1982. The government is making an urgent appeal to employers' and employees' organizations to exercise a corresponding moderation. If this appeal is not followed sufficiently, the cabinet will have to take its own responsibility in this regard. Those who really depend on one minimum income for their livelihood will receive an allowance in 1983 that safeguards their purchasing power as far as possible. Our ailing economy cannot be revived by magic. Healing is certainly possible, but takes trust and will take quite some time. National remedies are inadequate. That is why there is now every reason to deepen cooperation in the European Community. However, as long as there is no structural recovery, we must make every effort to limit unemployment as much as possible, with all the personal suffering and social disaster it causes. This applies in particular to unemployment among young people. Adaptations in education, in particular the introduction of short-term secondary vocational education, can help ensure that more young people receive an education that gives them a better chance of finding a place in the world of work. In the coming consultation, the government wants to discuss with employers' and employees' organizations how the employment conditions policy can be made useful in combating unemployment. . That conversation will have to deal with, among other things, the possibilities of dividing the available work among more people. Without a thorough overhaul, our social security system will become unaffordable and its essential achievements could also be jeopardized. Requests for advice to this effect to the Social and Economic Council and to the Emancipation Council are being prepared. Structural interventions are also needed to curb the costs of health care. This is not just a question of halting the continuing rise in premiums. It is also about enabling a reallocation of expenditure towards out-of-hospital care and better facilities for the mentally retarded and mentally disturbed. The cabinet has developed proposals aimed at this. The change in the age pattern of our population also necessitates a reallocation of public expenditure: fewer children, more elderly people. The facilities for the elderly will have to be expanded. More must also be done for our fellow citizens who belong to cultural minorities. The protection of nature and the environment will also require more costs and for this too funds must be made available through savings elsewhere. The budget provides for additional expenditure for combating soil pollution. The implementation of the Oosterschelde project aimed at environmental conservation and safety continues unabated. The Netherlands is a constitutional state. This means that administrators and citizens have to comply with the legal rules that our democracy has produced. Arbitrary action cannot be tolerated, especially when accompanied by violence. The reorganization of the police should be completed soon. The government is preparing a bill to prevent the increase in the number of police forces, pending that reorganization. One of the characteristics of the rule of law is also that the citizen can obtain justice without undue hindrance. However, the judiciary and law enforcement bodies are becoming overloaded. For the sake of the quality of the administration of justice, this will have to be taken into account more than hitherto when drafting legal regulations and making legal remedies available. The reorganization of the civil service, aimed at improving the quality of government, is progressing steadily. The cabinet will shortly give you some thoughts on the decentralization of government tasks. The government attaches great importance to maintaining close cooperation within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and, in particular, between the United States and its European allies. In the near past, differences of opinion have developed, especially regarding the provision of high-tech supplies to the Soviet Union. Those differences can and should be resolved in a spirit of mutual respect. They must not undermine the realization that the democracies on both sides of the Atlantic share essential values ​​and remain dependent on each other to safeguard them. In the celebration of two centuries of solidarity with the United States, a lot of attention has rightly been paid to this. While Western Europe may rejoice in living in peace and freedom, elsewhere in the world many people are affected by war and violence. The situation in the Middle East remains particularly worrying. The inhabitants of Lebanon pay a very heavy toll. The Netherlands contributes to the best of its ability to combat violence in the Middle East. Dutch soldiers serve both in the Sinai desert and in Lebanon. Within the deliberations of the European Ten, the Netherlands is trying to bring a political solution closer. The prospect of this has recently improved, thanks to the recent initiative of the President of the United States and the encouraging response given by the Arab summit in Fez. We are not only privileged because we have been spared war violence. We are also a prosperous country, despite the economic difficulties we are currently experiencing. Many developing countries, already hard hit, are being disproportionately affected by the slowdown in the global economy. Almost a quarter of the population of our earth is unable or hardly able to provide for their very basic necessities. The government continues to see it as a matter of high priority to help meet that dire need. Our development cooperation effort is maintained at a level of at least one and a half percent of net national income. Achieving a fairer world economic order remains imperative. To keep peace and security, a proper defense is needed. But it is also imperative to continue to work on bilateral arms control and disarmament. Of vital importance are the negotiations in Geneva between the United States and the Soviet Union on reducing nuclear armaments in Europe and beyond. How to make those negotiations succeed should be the yardstick of policy. The government wants to organize and equip our armed forces as well as possible, including for peacekeeping operations, preferably under the authority of the United Nations. Members of the States General, Our society may come under pressure due to increasing unemployment. Workers are expected to make an ever-increasing contribution to the livelihood of the unemployed. The long-term unemployed are asked to remain in solidarity with a society that does not allow them to develop to their full potential. More than in the past, there is now a shift in the awareness of citizens and their organizations that they are responsible for each other. Arousing a sense of responsibility and a sense of belonging is beyond the power of government. They must come from the citizens themselves. History shows, however, that the Dutch people are able to show those qualities, especially in times of adversity. Because of the confidence that the citizens have placed in you, you, representatives of the people, bear a special responsibility for the well-being of our country. Helping to overcome the problems currently facing the Netherlands is a demanding task. May you fulfill that task in the confidence that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. The circumstances under which this Speech from the Throne was drawn up are highly exceptional. Only a few days ago the cabinet, which had been looking after current state affairs since the elections in May, stepped down and was succeeded by a new cabinet of a different political composition. The recently appointed cabinet has hardly had time to consider the policy to be pursued. An explanation of that policy will only be able to be given in the government statement in a few weeks. Therefore, this Speech from the Throne will be concise and sober. Today, in compliance with the provisions of the Constitution, the 1982 budget is presented to the House of Representatives. The budget drafts and the explanatory notes thereto were drawn up under the responsibility of the previous government. The government expresses its gratitude to those who belonged to that cabinet. There was not enough time to test these designs and the explanations against the coalition agreement of the new cabinet. Insofar as these government documents require significant changes as a result of that review, will be announced in the government statement. Of the social problems facing our country, unemployment is the most worrying, especially among young people. The economic downturn has sharply increased unemployment in all countries of the European Community. In addition, the number of men and women entering the labor market in our country each year is relatively much higher than elsewhere in Western Europe. In the 1980s, this presents us with a particularly difficult task. That task will be all the more difficult because large parts of our business community have fallen into serious difficulties. Industry in particular is in bad shape, globally Bespoken, and the situation of small and medium-sized enterprises is also far from rosy. Fortunately, a reappraisal can be observed for these forms of activity, partly due to a pioneering study by the Scientific Council for Government Policy. Our business community must regain vitality. A new industrial impetus is needed. It is desirable to encourage productive investment. The cabinet will draw up a multi-year employment plan as soon as possible. The necessary financial space will be made available for this. The government's financing deficit must be reduced in the coming years, precisely for the sake of employment. The pressure of taxes and premiums, of which the coalition agreement provides a more detailed description, must not become heavier. For the success of the policy to be pursued, proper consultation is necessary with the organizations of employers and employees, partly in view of the necessity of moderating wages and other incomes for years to come. The coalition agreement contains agreements to protect the lowest incomes. Sustainable economic recovery should be the main goal of the policy: for the sake of the; employment, but also because the high public expenditure in our country cannot be maintained when the national income shrinks due to a downturn in the economy. The government statement will also reveal policy intentions on a number of other important topics. These include promoting housing and urban renewal, protecting the environment, preserving our rule of law. Due to the arrival in our midst of large numbers of people of a different language and culture, Dutch society has become more varied and complicated. Unfortunately, there is often a lack of tolerance and understanding. In addition, problems that should not be underestimated arise in education, as well as with the housing and employment of people who come from outside the Netherlands. Developing a comprehensive policy towards minorities has become an important government task. The bills for a comprehensive revision of the Constitution have now been submitted to the House of Representatives for consideration at a second reading. The government is confident that this review will be completed soon. The government hopes that the conditions will soon be fulfilled for the resumption of consultations on future relations between the Netherlands Antilles, the islands of the Netherlands Antilles and the Netherlands. The maintenance of international peace and security is in the literal sense a vital interest for all of us. The government will pursue a balanced security policy in an alliance context. That means: ensuring a proper defense and at the same time working on control and limitation of armaments, especially nuclear armaments in East and West. A reduction in the tension between. East and West will benefit most developing countries and bring closer the establishment of a fairer world economic order. Despite the economically unfavorable times, the Netherlands will maintain its contribution to development cooperation at least at its hitherto maintained level. Members of the States General, This Speech from the Throne cannot offer a summary of concrete plans for the near future so shortly after the cabinet change. However, it is essential that we all recognize the challenge that our country now faces. Far-reaching changes are needed for economic recovery. Then the development of employment will get back on track and our collective facilities can be maintained. That will be a tough task, but one that is doable. If every citizen is willing to make an effort to achieve this and is prepared to make the necessary sacrifices according to their means, there is good reason to look to the future with confidence. From you, representatives of the people, much perseverance and dedication will be required in the coming parliamentary year to carry out your task. May you fulfill that task in the confidence that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. "You resume your activity today under an economically unfavorable constellation," said my Mother at the opening of the previous parliamentary year. Sadly, there is now even more reason to make such a statement. In the past year, another wave of price increases for oil and other energy carriers has swept the world. These increases are reflected in the prices of other imports. World trade falters. All over Europe unemployment is rising, inflation is accelerating and the balance of payments is deteriorating. Our country can hardly or not at all expect economic growth in the coming year. We do not have the financial scope to boost the economy. The Netherlands gets stuck. On the one hand, no more real increase in national resources, on the other hand, ever-increasing demands on those resources, both for collective and private expenditure. It is impossible to grant all those wishes. Unless we were to make the emergency jump to an even larger financing gap. But that would mean that the state would gradually have to pay so much interest on its debts that essential government tasks could no longer be performed. Moreover, the government, attempting to finance the high deficit, would then push up interest rates, thus making it more difficult to invest in businesses and homes, to the detriment of employment in particular. Rather, the financing gap needs to be reduced and that is what the draft budget is aimed at. How should the available resources be distributed between the collective and private sectors and then within each of those sectors? The government has struggled with the questions arising from this. The burden of government and social services, including health care, on national income has more than doubled since 1950. In the 1970s, the costs of these facilities rose sharply. A continuation of that development in the 1980s would disrupt our economy. That is why the cabinet recently asked the Social and Economic Council to advise on a number of savings, totaling more than 800 million guilders in 1981; this is about one percent of the total annual social security expenditure. Even now, the government does not want to harm our social security system. But that system can only be maintained with effective management and on the condition that it only works for those for whom it is intended. It should not lead to people who can work staying away from the labor market. The government has sought savings in the national budget, particularly with a view to employment, in salaries rather than in material government spending. At one point, these expenditures are even increased beyond the multi-year estimates, namely for the purpose of housing construction. The decline of the construction industry is a matter of great concern, both from a housing and employment perspective. That is why the program for the construction of housing law houses for the coming year has also been increased by almost ten thousand. More resources have also been made available for improving housing under the Act. In the long run, decent public housing cannot be ensured by subsidies from the state treasury. Citizens will have to be prepared to spend a larger share of their income on housing. Over a series of years, rents have lagged behind construction costs. It is in the interest of housing construction to restore the condition that has arisen as a result. In the private sector, it mainly concerns the level of income. First of all, because wage costs largely determine the production costs of companies and thus their competitive position. many companies, Even in small and medium-sized enterprises, they can barely keep their heads above water, let alone be able to make investments to replace or expand. Any closure or contraction attributable to the level of labor costs would be incorrect. The report of the Scientific Council for Government Policy on the place and future of our industry shows this. This also reflects the need to give up forms of industry that are no longer viable and to develop new activities, partly with the aid of applied scientific research. The level of wages is not only important for private activity and thus for employment there. When employees and employers make agreements about income from work in the business sector, they take decisions that have far-reaching consequences for the national budget and also for the application of the social security system. Sixty percent of the expenditure in the national budget is, after all, directly related to wages in the private sector. There is also the link with social benefits. Therefore, a lack of moderation in the private sector has far-reaching consequences beyond that. The government therefore makes an urgent appeal to employees and employers to exercise extreme moderation. If this appeal is answered, the government will have to levy less social security contributions and taxes. In addition, there will be more room in the national budget for the fight against unemployment. In the necessary moderation all will have to share, but according to the measure of their capacity. These are the intentions with which the cabinet intends to enter into discussions with the Labor Foundation in the coming weeks. Although the Netherlands is also experiencing its share of the economic decline that is affecting many countries, we are still a prosperous nation in the world. To maintain this position is not only in our own interest, but also in that of the countries on which we focus our development aid. If we can restore our balance of payments, we can maintain our loans and grants to third world countries. It is our duty to maintain development cooperation even in times that are more difficult for us. In the United Nations, in the European Community and wherever it is appropriate, the government continues to sound the alarm for the hundreds of millions who still lack the bare necessities. This is not only about making money or goods available, but above all about revising the economic order in the world, despite all resistance to it. The report of the Brandt Commission should not be neglected. It is of great significance for future relations within the Kingdom that a conference will be convened as soon as possible in response to the report of the Kingdom Working Group on new forms of cooperation between the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles and the islands of the Netherlands Antilles. The Netherlands will soon become chairman of the European Council of Ministers. The Community is going through a period of adversity. This should not cause discouragement, but should actually intensify the joint effort. In the European Community, on 1 January as Welcome Greece as the tenth Member State. Incidentally, this will exacerbate the problem that there are differences in prosperity within the circle of the associates that hinder integration. Even within the borders of our own country, there are too great differences in prosperity and well-being. The cabinet will shortly present an explanation of the regional policy to be pursued in the coming years. It is becoming a growing concern for those belonging to cultural minorities to provide housing and employment, appropriate education and appropriate welfare facilities. You will receive bills to pave the way for the education of these people also in their own language and respecting their own culture. The presence in our midst of a greater number of inhabitants than ever before with a culture foreign to us presents us with the task of demonstrating that we ourselves possess the tolerance for the lack of which we have captivated other countries. There is a lack of tolerance and mutual respect in our society, not only in the relationship with people who have come from elsewhere. In addition, it is sometimes questioned how far one should behave according to regulations and decisions that have been made according to the rules of our democracy. Our democratic constitutional state can take a beating. But if he wants to remain vital, then two things are necessary. The law must derive its authority partly from its content, from a recognizable weighing of the various interests. On the other hand, everyone must acquiesce to the results of democratic decision-making. It is essential for our constitutional state that court decisions are respected. No matter how much uncertainty future studies entail, a number of developments are clearly visible for the eighties. This includes the fact that being able to access and deal with information is rapidly gaining in importance. This will have major consequences for the society. What policy the cabinet intends to pursue in this area will be explained to you in a memorandum these days. An entirely different, but equally important development that is taking place concerns the social position of women. Much has already been improved in this area, but emancipation is not yet complete. A preliminary draft law against sex discrimination is being finalized; it will be made public soon. In this Speech from the Throne, the government waives an enumeration of all important proposals that will be made by the government during the parliamentary year, in legislative form or otherwise. It suffices to mention only two major legislative projects. One is the comprehensive revision of the Constitution nearing completion. The other is the creation of a new Civil Code. The largest part of this, property law, will reach the stage of submitting bills for implementation in this parliamentary year. A complete picture of the policy to be pursued is given by the draft national budget and the explanations thereto. They describe in more detail how the government wants to discharge its duties to look after the pasture for all who inhabit our country. This includes careful planning of our country, the renewal of cities, ensuring orderly and safe traffic, and promoting profitable agriculture and horticulture. It is also about ensuring the cleanest possible environment. Through the ages, people with diligence and ingenuity have worked the earth and changed its appearance. With the same ingenuity and dedication, we must now be able to master the environmental problems we have created ourselves. The Netherlands has the privilege of being a free country. To ensure that freedom is worth a price to us. In the Atlantic alliance, our country continues to make an appropriate contribution to maintaining peace and security in the world. Efforts towards balanced arms control and disarmament must be continued together with allies. Members of the States General, In the year ahead, far-reaching decisions and painful choices will have to be made to ensure that the Netherlands overcomes its economic problems. We can turn the tide, provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. aimed at balanced arms control and disarmament, will be continued. Members of the States General, In the year ahead, far-reaching decisions and painful choices will have to be made to ensure that the Netherlands overcomes its economic problems. We can turn the tide, provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. aimed at balanced arms control and disarmament, will be continued. Members of the States General, In the year ahead, far-reaching decisions and painful choices will have to be made to ensure that the Netherlands overcomes its economic problems. We can turn the tide, provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. In the year ahead, far-reaching decisions and painful choices will have to be made to ensure that the Netherlands overcomes its economic problems. We can turn the tide, provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. In the year ahead, far-reaching decisions and painful choices will have to be made to ensure that the Netherlands overcomes its economic problems. We can turn the tide, provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing. provided that the sense of solidarity turns out to be stronger than the focus on self-interest, provided that indifference gives way to a sense of responsibility. The Dutch people have shown before that they are at their best when the going gets tough. It will prove it again, trusts the government. A lot of dedication and energy will be required from you as representatives of the people. You may trust that many wish you wisdom and pray for your blessing.

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